[Dietary prophylaxis of selenium deficiency].

By studying the specific features of selenium exchange in subjects with equal dietary selenium intakes, but with different contents of methionine, the authors have established that the diet containing the optimum methionine level has a pronounced selenium-sparing effect and may be used as one of the modes to prevent selenium deficiency states in the areas having insufficient environmental selenium levels.

[The human selenium status in Adygh Republic].

It has been investigated the content of selenium in soil and in wheat from different regions of Adygh Republik. It has been determined that the average content of selenium in soil is about 133,1+/-40,8 mkg/kg, in wheat is 121,5+/-64,4 mkg/ kg. It has been studied the factors having influence on bioavailability of selenium: the maintenance of copper, plumbum and cardmium in the main groups of foodstuffs and the supply the population by iodine.

[Surgical methods of correction of the renal transplantation complications].

Surgical complications were studied, which occurred in 55 (20.37%) of 244 patients, to whom 270 renal allotransplantation (RAT) operations were performed. In 19 (34.

[Elective operative procedures in patients with chronic end-stage renal failure].

The results of 92 elective operative interventions, performed in 71 patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) in terminal stage, were studied. Performance of elective operative interventions in patients with CRI in terminal stage, to whom the treatment, using chronic hemodialysis, was conducted, allows to increase quality of their medical and social rehabilitation considerably and the efficacy of kidney transplantation (KT). They constitute effective and safety method of treatment in complex surgical program of patients preparation to KT performance.

[Causes of renal allotransplant loss during first year after renal transplantation].

The causes of the renal allotransplant (RAT) removal during first year after the kidney transplantation performance were studied. Of 270 renal allotransplantations performed in 56 (20.5%) of recipients the transplant was removed during first year after the operation.

[Surgical strategies in spontaneous rupture of renal allograft].

The methods of surgical treatment of spontaneous rupture of renal allotransplant (RAT) were studied up in 21 patients. In 17 (80.9%) of patients the RAT rupture was caused by an acute reaction of rejection (ARR), in 14.

[Operative treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with terminal chronic renal insufficiency in programmed hemodialysis].

The phosphorous-calcic metabolism disorders and secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPTH) occurs nearly in all patients, to whom programmed hemodialysis (PHD) is applied. In majority of observations these disorders become compensated while administration of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), calcitriol and etc. In 23 patients surgical treatment was performed to correct these disorders.

[Specifics of preparation of patients with polycystic renal disease for forthcoming kidney transplantation].

Results of treatment of 28 patients with polycystic kidney were presented. In 12 (42.9%) patients with terminal stage of chronic renal insufficiency transplantation of kidney (TK) was performed without preliminary nephrectomy or nephrectomy was done simultaneously with TK.

[S,X-acetals in nucleoside chemistry. II. Synthesis 3'-O-methylthiomethyl derivatives of ribonucleosides].

3'-O-Methylthiomethyl derivatives of ribonucleosides were synthesized from the selectively protected nucleosides by the action of a dimethyl sulfide-benzoyl peroxide mixture in acetonitrile or a dimethyl sulfoxide-acetic anhydride-acetic acid mixture.

[The S,X-acetals in nucleoside chemistry. I. The synthesis of 2'- and 5'-O-methylthiomethyl ribonucleosides].

Ribonucleoside 2'- and 5'-methylthiomethyl derivatives were synthesized from selectively protected nucleosides by the action of dimethyl sulfoxide-acetic anhydride-acetic acid mixture.

[Surgical treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and its complications].

Free xenotransplantation of cryopreserved Langerhans cells (67 cases) and deportalization of pancreatic blood supply (37 patients) was done in 104 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with positive effect. There were 58 men and 46 women at the age of 16-62 years. In 15 cases the combination of these two methods has been used that made it possible to enforce the antidiabetic effect and stabilize the development of diabetic complications.

[X-ray structural study of 3'-O-methylthiomethylthymidine and 3'-O-methylsulfinylmethylthymidine--potential inhibitors of HIV].

The molecular and crystalline structures of deoxiribonucleoside analogs: 3'-O-methylthiomethylthymidine monohydrate dT(CH2SMe).H2O and 3'-O-methylsulphinylmethylthymidine dT(CH2SOMe) were determined. The space group of dT(CH2SMe).

[Combination of the deportalization of pancreatic blood flow and transplantation of pancreatic islets in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus].

In 137 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (74 men and 63 women) aged from 16 to 60 years 193 operations were done, including 148 xenografts of cryopreserved cells of pancreatic islets and 45 deportalizations of pancreatic blood flow using the distal venous splenorenal anastomosis formation. Pronounced antidiabetic effect of both operations was observed, justified by metabolic compensation of diabetes mellitus, lowering of given insulin dose, stabilization of chronic diabetic microangiopathy and polyneuropathy course. Complex approach to the surgical treatment of diabetes mellitus comprises the performance of repeated or multiple transplantations of pancreatic islets cells as well as (what is more expedient) its gradual application in combination with the pancreatic blood flow deportalization.

[The effect of kemantane on T-helpers and T-suppressors].

The study of Kemantan on functionally alternative humoral immunity regulator cells: T-helpers and antigen-specific T-suppressors, including their induction, accumulation and functioning, was studied. Kemantan in doses of 0.2-200 mg/kg, introduced to the donors of T-helpers 2 days before they were taken, stimulated their activity 1.

[Surgical treatment of complications of insulin-dependent (type-1) diabetes mellitus].

In the clinic, within the recent 5 years, the surgical treatment of complication of diabetes mellitus were used in 88 patients. Xenotransplantation of islet pancreatic tissue was performed in 70 patients, deportalization of pancreatic blood flow--in 18. Resulting from the operations performed, a pronounced antidiabetic effect (reduction of daily insulin dosage, stabilization of the incidence of complications) was noted in the majority of patients.

[The structure and antiviral activity of ribavirin analogs. I. Molecular and crystal structure of 1-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxamide].

The crystal and molecular structures of the antiviral compound 1-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxamide has been determined by the X-ray diffraction method. The space group is P2i/c, unit cell parameters a = 4,381, b = 18,679, c = 10,776 A, beta = 107,40 degrees, Z = 4. The structure was solved by the direct method and refined by a full-matrix least-squares procedure to R = 4.

[The structure and antiviral activity of ribavirin analogs. II. Molecular and crystal structure of 1-(1,5-dihydroxy-3-oxapent-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxamide].

X-ray structure of the title compound, an antiviral agent moderately active towards Herpes simplex virus type 1, has been determined. The space group is P2i/n, unit cell parameters: a = 10,119, b = 7,529, c = 13,585 A, beta = 107,82 degrees, Z = 4. The structure was solved by the direct method and refined by least-squares procedure to R = 2.

Acyclic analogs of nucleosides. Synthesis of hydroxyalkyl derivatives of 2-trifluoromethyl- and 2-trifluoromethylthiobenzimidazole.

1-(2,3-Dihydroxypropyl)-, 1-(4-hydroxy-2-oxabutyl)-, 1-(3-hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxabutyl)-, 1-(1,5-dihydroxy-3-oxa-2-pentyl)-, 1-(5-hydroxy-3-oxa-2-pentyl)-, and 1-(4,5-dihydroxy-2-oxapentyl)-2-trifluoromethyl- and -2-trifluoromethylthiobenzimidazoles were obtained by condensation of trimethylsilyl derivatives of 2-substituted benzimidazoles with alkylating agents in the presence of SnCl, or by direct alkylation of the sodium salts of the heterocycles.

[Synthesis of acyclic analogs of ribavirin].

A number of ribavirin analogues were prepared in which the ribose moiety was replaced with acyclic substituents imitating some fragments of the ribose ring: 2,3-dihydroxy-prop-1-yl, 3-hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxabut-1-yl, 4,5-dihydroxy-2-oxapent-1-yl and 1,5-dihydroxy-3-oxapent-2-yl. These analogues were synthesized by direct alkylation of ethyl 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate with suitable agents followed by ammonolysis. New convenient methods for preparing the alkylating agents were developed.

[X-ray study of an antiviral agent (S)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine].

The molecular and crystal structures of the antiviral compound, (S)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine, was established. The space group is P21, unit-cell parameters a 5,546(1), b 8,381(1), c 10,119(1), beta 91,979(9) degrees, Z2. The structure was solved by the direct method and refined by a full-matrix least-squares procedure to R 4,2%.

[Resistance of various herpes simplex virus strains to the action of chemical inhibitors].

The effect of chemical inhibitors on reproduction of 2 laboratory and 3 vaccine strains of herpes simplex virus (HSV), types 1 and 2, was studied. By the time of the study the vaccine strains had undergone from 27 to 69 passages in chick embryo fibroblast cultures. All the vaccine strains (L2, Us, and VN) exhibited 100-1000 fold higher resistance to phosphonoacetic acid than did the laboratory F+ and G strains, and the vaccine L2 strain (HSV-1) was also 1000-fold resistant to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosine thymine.

[Isolation and characteristics of a mutant herpes simplex virus type 1 resistant to phosphonoacetic acid].

By successive passages and triple cloning of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in Vero cell culture in the presence of increasing concentrations of phosphonoacetic acid (PAA) a mutant of HSV-1 resistant to PAA (PAAr) was derived and characterized. The resistance to the inhibitor was transmitted from PAAr-mutant to a sensitive strain (L2) by recombination performed by the marker rescue method using DNA fragmented by Hpa-1 restrictase. The resulting recombinant (R-551) was resistant to the inhibitor and had an altered primary structure of DNA.