Cytomorphological and histomorphological features of lung adenocarcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangement.

Lung cancer is among the lethal and most prevalent oncological diseases globally. It is known that two types of mutations, namely anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation, are responsible for the development of lung adenocarcinoma. The present study aimed to investigate the differences in the frequency of clinical, cytomorphological and histomorphological features of ALK and EGFR-positive lung adenocarcinomas.

Efficacy of Atezolizumab in Subsequent Lines of Therapy for NSCLC Patients: Insights from Real-World Data.

Unlabelled: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) like atezolizumab have improved outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, especially in the second-line setting after progression on platinum-based chemotherapy. However, access to ICIs remains limited in many developing nations. This study evaluated the efficacy of atezolizumab as a second-line versus later-line treatment for advanced NSCLC patients in Serbia.

Attitudes toward Death among Health Care Professionals in the Balkan Region.

: Death is an unavoidable experience in any person's life and affects not only the dying person but also their caregivers. The dying process has been displaced from homes to health care facilities in the majority of cases. Facing death and dying has become an everyday life of health care professionals (HCP), especially in palliative care (PC) settings.

New biomarkers: prospect for diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease.

After the metabolic syndrome and its components, thyroid disorders represent the most common endocrine disorders, with increasing prevalence in the last two decades. Thyroid dysfunctions are distinguished by hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or inflammation (thyroiditis) of the thyroid gland, in addition to the presence of thyroid nodules that can be benign or malignant. Thyroid cancer is typically detected an ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and cytological examination of the specimen.

Decade of lung cancer in Serbia: tobacco abuse and gender differences.

Objective: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to get a comprehensive insight into the epidemiology of LC among patients in Vojvodina, the Northern Serbian region, during the ten-year period.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study was performed using LC hospital registry data of the Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina (IPBV) from 2011 to 2020.

Prognostic Role of Monocyte Distribution Width, CRP, Procalcitonin and Lactate as Sepsis Biomarkers in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global pandemic and one group of patients has developed a severe form of COVID-19 pneumonia with an urgent need for hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic role of MDW, CRP, procalcitonin (PCT), and lactate in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The primary outcome of interest is the 28 day mortality of ICU patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and sepsis (according to Sepsis 3 criteria with acute change in SOFA score ≥ 2 points).

Free radicals: Relationship to Human Diseases and Potential Therapeutic applications.

Reactive species are highly-reactive enzymatically, or non-enzymatically produced compounds with important roles in physiological and pathophysiological cellular processes. Although reactive species represent an extensively researched topic in biomedical sciences, many aspects of their roles and functions remain unclear. This review aims to systematically summarize findings regarding the biochemical characteristics of various types of reactive species and specify the localization and mechanisms of their production in cells.

"One Shot" Sample Evaluation of 22G, 22G upgraded, 21G and 19G needle for Endobronchial Ultrasound-EBUS-TBNA.

There are still diagnostic issues with lung cancer and mediastinum lymphadenopathy. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is a state of the art equipment for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy and central lesions. To investigate the sample size with one pass.

Cryo-Biopsy versus 19G needle versus 22G needle with EBUS-TBNA endoscopy.

We have been using cryo-biopsy for endobronchial lesions for lung cancer diagnosis and debulking. Cryo-biopsy is also known to be an excellent tool for diagnosis of lung interstitial disease. Recently cryo-biopsy with the 1.

Low-Cost Genetic and Clinical Predictors of Response and Toxicity of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate for the first time whether certain genetic and clinical factors could serve as minimally invasive predictors of survival and toxicity to platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: The study included 121 advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with platinum-based dublets until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Response was evaluated using standard radiological methods and toxicity graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.

Predicting 30-Day Readmission Risk for Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Through a Federated Machine Learning Architecture on Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) Data: Development and Validation Study.

Background: Owing to the nature of health data, their sharing and reuse for research are limited by legal, technical, and ethical implications. In this sense, to address that challenge and facilitate and promote the discovery of scientific knowledge, the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) principles help organizations to share research data in a secure, appropriate, and useful way for other researchers.

Objective: The objective of this study was the FAIRification of existing health research data sets and applying a federated machine learning architecture on top of the FAIRified data sets of different health research performing organizations.

FAIR4Health: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable data to foster Health Research.

Due to the nature of health data, its sharing and reuse for research are limited by ethical, legal and technical barriers. The FAIR4Health project facilitated and promoted the application of FAIR principles in health research data, derived from the publicly funded health research initiatives to make them Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR). To confirm the feasibility of the FAIR4Health solution, we performed two pathfinder case studies to carry out federated machine learning algorithms on FAIRified datasets from five health research organizations.

Long Term Respiratory Follow-Up for COVID-19 Patients a Multicenter Study.

Background: The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic initiated officially in October 2020. Since then several observations have been made regarding the disease and its symptoms.

Patients And Methods: We included eighty seven in our observational study.

Biopsy and re-biopsy for PD-L1 expression in NSCLC. association between PD-L1 and checkpoint inhibitor efficacy through treatment in NSCLC. A pilot study.

Introduction: Lung cancer is diagnosed at a late stage due to lack of early disease symptoms. Therefore an efficient treatment is necessary for prolonged disease free survival.

Patients And Methods: In our study we recruited 124 patients NSCLC patients with adenocarcinoma and squamus cell carcinoma.

Lymphadenopathy and granulomas: benignancy of malignancy and differential diagnosis with endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle biopsy 19G needle fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is a very useful tool for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy of the mediastinum. Nowadays, EBUS can substitute video-assisted thoracic surgery when a 19G needle is used. Several studies have provided data for efficient diagnosis not only for lung cancer, but for also sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and lymphoma.

Effective early diagnosis for NSCLC: an algorithm.

Introduction: Lung cancer still remains undiagnosed for most patients until the disease is inoperable.

Areas Covered: We performed search on PubMed with the keywords: EBUS, radial-EBUS, bronchoscopy, lung cancer, electromagnetic navigation, ct-biopsy, transthoracic biopsy. We present diagnostic equipment and imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography, endoscopical navigation systems, endobronchial ultrasound, radial-endobronchial ultrasound, transthoracic ultrasound biopsy, and computed tomography guided biopsies.

Alzheimer's and Consciousness: How Much Subjectivity Is Objective?

Does Alzheimer Disease show a decline in cognitive functions that relate to the awareness of external reality? In this paper, we will propose a perspective that patients with increasing symptoms of AD show a change in the awareness of subjective versus objective representative axis of reality thus consequently move to a more internal like perception of reality. This paradigm shift suggests that new insights into the dynamicity of the conscious representation of reality in the AD brain may give us new clues to the very early signs of memory and self-awareness impairment that originates from, in our view the microtubules. Dialog between Adso and William, in Umberto Eco's The Name of the Rose, Third Day: Vespers.

Personalized Approach to Tissue and Liquid Biopsy after Failure of First-Line EGFR-TKIs: Is There an Issue When Tissue Is Not the Issue? A Case Series.

Traditionally, tissue availability from rebiopsy is a prerequisite for adequate sequencing of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in therapy for advanced-stage lung cancer. Tissue biopsy truly is the gold standard for genetic analyses, but in some cases, such as with inadequate localization of the lesion or a patient's inadequate performance status, comorbidities, or unwillingness to undergo an invasive procedure, liquid biopsy-based ctDNA analysis can be a noninvasive alternative approach. However, in some cases the gold standard might not shine that much.

A phase I, open-label study evaluating the safety and pharmacokinetics of trifluridine/tipiracil in patients with advanced solid tumors and varying degrees of renal impairment.

Purpose: Trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) is approved for advanced colorectal and gastric/gastroesophageal cancer; however, data in patients with renal impairment (RI) are limited. This phase I study evaluated FTD/TPI in patients with advanced solid tumors and varying degrees of RI to develop dosing guidance.

Methods: Patients were enrolled into normal renal function (CrCl ≥ 90 mL/min), mild RI (CrCl 60-89 mL/min), or moderate RI (CrCl 30-59 mL/min) cohorts and administered the recommended FTD/TPI dose (35 mg/m twice daily, days 1-5 and 8-12; 28-day cycle).

Intratumoral Treatment with Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy for NSCLC with EBUS-TBNA 19G.

Immunotherapy is being used for the past five years either as first line or second line treatment with great results. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been also used as combination to immunotherapy to further enhance this type of treatment. Intratumoral treatment has been previously proposed as a treatment option for certain non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Thyroid cancer diagnosis with transdermal probe 22G U/S versus EBUS-convex probe TBNA-B 22G and 19G: pros and cons.

Introduction: Thyroid cancer is usually diagnosed both with imaging techniques and transdermal biopsy. Laboratory tests are also included in the initial work-up.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and thirty patients were included in our study with pathological imaging findings in the thyroid region.

Bronchogenic cyst or lung cancer. Only biopsy can tell.

Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital malformations which derive from primitive ventral foregut. They are usually observed in intrathoracically. A fifty year old male was admitted for the investigation of a three month chest pain.