Comparison the effect of trained and untrained family presence on their anxiety during invasive procedures in an emergency department: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The present study was aimed to compare the effect of the trained and untrained family presence on their anxiety during invasive procedures in an emergency department.

Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 90 patients who were candidates for receiving invasive nursing procedures were selected in an emergency department based on the inclusion criteria, and then were equally assigned into 3 groups by the random minimization method: A ("presence of the trained family member group "), B ("presence of the untrained family member group "), and C ("absence and untrained family member group"). The anxiety level was measured before and after implementation of the procedure using the State-Trait Inventory (STAI).