Publications by authors named "Zara Khan"

Intracellular microbes are actively present in various tumor types in low biomass and play a major role in metastasis. Eliminating intracellular microbes on a cellular level with precision remains a challenge. To address this issue, we designed a screening pipeline to characterize intracellular microbes and their interaction with host cells.

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  • - The MELD score, created in 2002, assesses liver transplant candidates' mortality risk by analyzing kidney, liver, and blood clotting functions, but it doesn't always accurately predict survival for 15-20% of patients.
  • - A study conducted from January 2016 to September 2023 with 87 patients found no significant relationship between MELD scores and 30 to 60-day post-transplant survival, suggesting that current methodologies may need reevaluation.
  • - The results highlight the importance of considering individual patient factors and advocate for more comprehensive predictive models to improve liver transplantation outcomes through future larger studies.
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  • Pancreatic cystic lesions are becoming more common due to improved imaging techniques, necessitating thorough evaluation since some may be cancerous.
  • The study analyzed patients with persistent abdominal pain at a military hospital over six months, leading to 88 cystic lesions identified through endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and further assessment with fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA).
  • Results showed that most patients had a history of pancreatitis, with the majority of lesions located in the pancreatic body, primarily involving pancreatic pseudocysts, and all EUS procedures were successfully completed.
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Background: Inherited neuromuscular (NMD) and neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) belong to two distinct categories that disturb different components of the nervous system, leading to a variety of different symptoms and clinical manifestations. Both NMD and NDD are a heterogeneous group of genetic conditions. Genetic variations in the SGCA and SIL1 genes have been implicated in causing Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy (LGMD), a type of neuromuscular disorder, and Marinesco-Sjögren Syndrome (MSS) which is a neurodegenerative disorder.

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Background: Women who are black are less likely to be diagnosed with endometriosis than white women. There is no confirmed biological basis, so this likely represents structural barriers around health care. There is a lack of evidence exploring the interface between ethnicity and symptoms or experience of care and treatment.

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  • The study aims to review and analyze global data on uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) by exploring geographic variations and identifying research gaps.
  • A systematic search of various databases from 2000 to 2023 focused on studies involving female participants aged 18 and older, with strict inclusion criteria that required clear definitions and prevalence estimates for rUTI.
  • The findings revealed that most studies were small-scale, predominantly from Europe and North America, with inconsistent definitions of rUTI, highlighting the need for more comprehensive research to understand rUTI prevalence globally.
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Background: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of immunity (IEI) characterized by recurrent chest and gastrointestinal (GI) infections and in some cases associated with life-threatening disorders.

Methodology And Results: This current study aims to unwind the molecular etiology of SCID and also extended the patients' phenotype associated with identified particular variants. Herein, we present 06 disease-causing variants identified in 07 SCID-patients in three different SCID related genes.

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The polymorphisms of the Renin-Angiotensin System are related to many disorders like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and different types of cancer. Among all the polymorphisms related to AGTR1, A1166C has been associated with several disorders, including cardiovascular diseases and breast cancer. This study was conducted to discover the association of AGTR1 polymorphism (A1166C) Renin-Angiotensin and its effect on the development and progression of breast cancer in the Pakistani population.

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Objective: To determine the frequency of acne and other relevant side effects as well as the pattern of topical steroid and fairness cream use among patients presenting with steroid and fairness cream use at dermatology OPD in a tertiary care private hospital in Karachi.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April, 2020 to December, 2020 in a private tertiary care hospital in Karachi. In total, 226 patients with a positive history of topical steroids and/or fairness creams use in the past six months were included in the study.

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Background: Patients with sarcoidosis who develop severe clinical phenotypes of pulmonary fibrosis or multiorgan disease experience debilitating symptoms, with fatigue being a common chief complaint. Studies that have investigated this patient-related outcome measure (PROM) have used the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), a self-reported questionnaire that reflects mental and physical domains. Despite extensive work, its cause is unknown and treatment options remain limited.

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  • Paxlovid is a new FDA-approved COVID-19 treatment, but its widespread use may lead to harmful interactions with other drugs.
  • The study tested how Paxlovid interacts with 100 commonly prescribed small molecule drugs using a liver cell line to assess toxicity levels.
  • Four significant interactions were identified, with two increasing toxicity and two decreasing it, leading to further analysis using molecular docking to understand these effects on Caspase-8, an important protein involved in cell death.
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Wound healing is a complex, dynamic process supported by a myriad of cellular events that must be tightly coordinated to efficiently repair damaged tissue. These wounds are a significant socioeconomic burden due to their high prevalence and recurrence, which is why the phenomenon of wounds has also been labeled as a "Silent Epidemic". Most of these wounds become "chronic", with around 15% of them remaining unresolved 1-year post incidence, which results in a prolonged yet avoidable burden to patients, families, and the health system.

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Background: Open surgery has been the traditional approach for Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS) management. However, there has been a recent rise in laparoscopic management for MALS. In this study we used a large-scale database to compare perioperative complications between open and laparoscopic approaches for MALS.

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Antibiotic resistance is a significant threat to the human race, as regular consumption of antibiotics may lead to antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Non-antibiotic drugs also have an extensive impact on bacterial strains, where persistent uptake alters the survival mechanisms of bacteria that could lead to cross-resistance towards other antibiotics. Here, we use time-lapse proteomics shift assays to examine Gram-negative (E.

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According to recent data, in Nepal, 38.2% of women aged 20-24 years are married by the age of 18. This analysis of CARE's Tipping Point Initiative seeks to compare Nepali adolescent boys' and girls' perceptions of empirical and normative expectations around child, early and forced marriage.

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Case Presentation: A 13-year-old male presented with right knee pain and swelling from a basketball injury. The right knee exam demonstrated minimal swelling, decreased range of motion secondary to pain, and generalized tenderness. A radiograph of the right knee revealed a tibial spine fracture.

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In recent years, amniotic fluids have gained attention in cancer research. They have an influential role in protecting embryos against several anomalies. Chick early amniotic fluid (ceAF)-amniotic fluid isolated from growing chicken-has been used in many other studies, including myocardial infarctions and skin regeneration.

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Introduction: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has great sensitivity in the diagnosis of abscesses and swollen lymph nodes. Many studies outline the characteristics that distinguish abscesses from lymph nodes on POCUS.

Case Report: We present a case from the emergency department in which a patient presented with a potential abscess but was found to have a malignant lymph node on imaging.

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Immunotherapy is a promising treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but patients relapse, highlighting the need to understand the mechanisms of resistance. We discovered that in primary breast cancer, tumor cells that resist T cell attack are quiescent. Quiescent cancer cells (QCCs) form clusters with reduced immune infiltration.

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Background: One third of women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) and potential sequelae. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5.2-to eliminate violence against women, including IPV-compels states to monitor such violence.

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Background And Objective: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a well-established medical problem which gives rise pain at various sites, fatigue, sleep disturbances, poor memory and definitely affects quality of life. Its prevalence in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is scarcely reported, thus we aimed to assess this condition and report its prevalence in our population.

Methods: The current study was carried out in all adult CKD stage III and IV patients registered from January 2020 to July 2020 at outpatient department of a tertiary care renal institution in Karachi, Pakistan.

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In this analysis, we assess whether laws that promote gender equity and freedom from violence are associated with a lower risk of prior-year physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) among adolescent girls and adult women (AGW) and whether these laws protect more and less vulnerable AGW equally. We included all 15 countries that administered the Domestic Violence Module in a Demographic and Health Survey since 2015. The primary exposure was a validated, country-level index of laws on violence against women and girls (LoVI).

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Introduction Overcrowding in the emergency department is a complex and challenging issue across the nation. The increasing number of patients seeking care in the emergency department leads to overcrowding and therefore decreased available rooms and slower throughput. As part of a quality improvement project to improve throughput, we implemented a policy encouraging the discharge of non-emergent patients directly from triage.

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Background: While abortion care is widely legal in Australia, access to care is often poor. Many Australians must travel long distances or interstate to access abortion care, while others face stigma when seeking care. Telehealth-at-home medical abortion is a potential solution to these challenges.

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Introduction: Girl child, early and forced marriage (CEFM) persists in South Asia, with long-term consequences for girls. CARE's Tipping Point Initiative (TPI) addresses the causes of CEFM by challenging repressive gender norms and inequalities. The TPI engages different participant groups on programmatic topics and supports community dialogue to build girls' agency, shift inequitable power relations, and change community norms sustaining CEFM.

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