Background: Protection against SARS-CoV-2 is mediated by humoral and T cell responses. Pakistan faced relatively low morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 through the pandemic. To examine the role of prior immunity in the population, we studied IgG antibody response levels, virus neutralizing activity and T cell reactivity to Spike protein in a healthy control group (HG) as compared with COVID-19 cases and individuals from the pre-pandemic period (PP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: COVID-19 vaccinations have reduced morbidity and mortality from the disease. Antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) have been associated with immune protection. Seroprevalence studies revealed high immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels to SARS-CoV-2 in the Pakistani population before vaccinations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: An estimated 1.5 million cases were reported in Pakistan until 23 March, 2022. However, SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing capacity has been limited and the incidence of COVID-19 infections is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To determine national-level incidence rates of major postoperative complications following endothelial keratoplasty (EK) procedures and to stratify these rates based on EK indications over an 8-year period using Medicare claims data.
Design: Retrospective, cohort study.
Methods: Setting: population-based; study population: Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years who underwent EK procedures; main outcome measurements: 1) occurrence of major postoperative complications (i.
Purpose: To describe applicant characteristics and outcomes associated with the ophthalmology fellowship match.
Design: Retrospective case-control study.
Methods: This study took place in San Francisco and matched data for ophthalmology fellowship applicants in the USA.