The Global Prevalence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 Infections among Immigrants and Refugees-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and 2) infections among immigrants and refugees worldwide. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases were searched for studies published from their inception to 6 January 2023. A meta-analysis using a generalized linear mixed model with a random effect was performed for HTLV-1 and HTLV-2.

Urine output is an early and strong predictor of acute kidney injury and associated mortality: a systematic literature review of 50 clinical studies.

Background: Although the present diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) involves measurement of acute increases in serum creatinine (SC) and reduced urine output (UO), measurement of UO is underutilized for diagnosis of AKI in clinical practice. The purpose of this investigation was to conduct a systematic literature review of published studies that evaluate both UO and SC in the detection of AKI to better understand incidence, healthcare resource use, and mortality in relation to these diagnostic measures and how these outcomes may vary by population subtype.

Methods: The systematic literature review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist.

Advancements in Targeted Therapies for the Management of Crohn's Disease: A Comprehensive Review.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex clinical condition characterized by persistent gastrointestinal inflammation that leads to episodes of flare-ups and subsequent healing. The treatment options for this disease are heterogeneous as its impact on different patients is also different. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of recently approved drugs that specifically target certain pathways within cells that are involved in CD pathogenesis.

New Insights on Solvent-Induced Changes in Refractivity and Specific Rotation of Poly(propylene oxide) Systems Extracted from Channeled Spectra.

Investigation of chiroptical polymers in the solution phase is paramount for designing supramolecular architectures for photonic or biomedical devices. This work is devoted to the case study of poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) optical activity in several solvents: benzonitrile, carbon disulfide, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and -dioxane. To attain information on the interactions in these systems, rheological testing was undertaken, showing distinct variations of the rheological parameters as a function of the solvent type.

Urinary Incontinence and Other Pelvic Floor Dysfunctions as Underestimated Problems in People under Forty Years: What Is Their Relationship with Sport?

Urinary incontinence is still an underestimated problem due to its anatomical complexity and social taboo. Most of the time, it is believed to affect predominantly the elderly female population, and the literature still lacks data on its presence in the younger and male populations. Its relationship with other pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFDs) and sport activity remains an open topic.

Lodderomyces elongisporus as causative organism of oropharyngeal infections - Two case reports.

We report two cases of patients with oropharyngeal infection by Lodderomyces elongisporus. The identification of the two isolates was confirmed after sequencing the ITS1 and ITS4 regions. The antifungal susceptibility test revealed low MIC values for the different antifungals tested.

Intra-articular injection of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) or adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for knee osteoarthritis: a prospective comparative clinical trial.

Background: We determined whether autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) injections provide clinical and functional improvements in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients, and whether the results differ between autologous bone marrow cells (BMAC) and adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs).

Methods: Between January 2021 and April 2022, 51 patients undergoing intra-articular injection of BMAC and 51 patients undergoing intra-articular injection of ADSCs were prospectively recruited. The Kellgren and Lawrence (K-L) classification was used to grade the severity of osteoarthritis.

In silico-chemogenomic repurposing of new chemical scaffolds for histoplasmosis treatment.

Background: Histoplasmosis is a systemic form of endemic mycosis to the American continent and may be lethal to people living with HIV/AIDS. The drugs available for treating histoplasmosis are limited, costly, and highly toxic. New drug development is time-consuming and costly; hence, drug repositioning is an advantageous strategy for discovering new therapeutic options.

New Semisynthetic Penicillins Obtained by Coupling of the 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid with 5-Mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles-3,4-disubstituted.

In a basic medium, 5-Mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles pass into the thiol form, allowing their transformation into sodium salts, which, in reaction with sodium monochloroacetate, lead to sodium 5-thioacetates of 1,2,4-triazoles-3,4-disubstituted. Sulfur derivatives converted to pivalic mixed anhydrides were used as active forms in the acylation of 6-amino penicillanic acid (6-AP) to obtain new semisynthetic penicillins. They contain in the molecule, together with the β-lactam ring, the nucleus 3-[(5-nitroindazol-1'-yl-methyl)]-4-aryl-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, both contributing to an important antibacterial effect.

Distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida species isolated from people living with HIV/AIDS in a public hospital in Goiânia, GO, Brazil.

Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is the most common opportunistic fungal infection of the oral cavity and is a significant clinical problem, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, such as people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Although Candida albicans is the most frequent pathogen, at least 30 species capable of causing infection have been described. Identifying the infecting organism is necessary because the species respond differently to therapy, and antifungal susceptibility testing is important to determine the appropriate treatment.

Short-term results of intra-articular injections of stromal vascular fraction for early knee osteoarthritis.

Background: In knee osteoarthritis, progressive degeneration of the articular cartilage surface produces disability and chronic pain. Intra-articular injections of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) could be an innovative approach to manage patients with early knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Between June 2019 and November 2020, 123 patients were recruited to receive intra-articular injection of SVF.

The cost of oral cancer: A systematic review.

Although clinical and epidemiological aspects of oral cancers (OC) are well-documented in the literature, there is a lack of evidence on the economic burden of OC. This study aims to provide a comprehensive systematic assessment on the economic burden of OC based on available evidence worldwide. A systematic review was conducted.

Radiobiological approach to treatment gaps in locally advanced head and neck cancers radical radiotherapy arising from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Gaps of radiotherapy treatment are one of the factors recognized as unfavorable in terms of tumor control and disease prognosis. All strategies for compensating the negative effect of radiotherapy treatment gaps are based on radiobiological models. Using the modified square linear formalism (Dale`s equation) it is possible to calculate the additional dose in order to compensate the accelerated tumor repopulation effect.

Radiomics in Head and Neck Cancers Radiotherapy. Promises and Challenges.

Radiomics, a subdomain of artificial intelligence, consists in extracting a large volume of data from all medical imaging techniques and correlating them with clinical data in order to build predictive and prognostic models. Radiomics is related to radiogenomics that correlates genetic mutations and molecular and biological characteristics of tissues with information extracted from medical imaging. Both are state-of-the-art fields of translational biomedical research.

Potential kidney damage associated with the use of remdesivir for COVID-19: analysis of a pharmacovigilance database.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has stated that the prescription of remdesivir should be cautious for patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 and some studies reported risk of adverse renal events.

The COVID-19 pandemic and its skin effects.

Objective: To review the current literature on cutaneous diseases associated with the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and to provide a general overview for family physicians of dermatologic presentations associated with COVID-19.

Quality Of Evidence: Google Scholar and PubMed searches were conducted using the terms , and . Additional terms were personal protective equipment (PPE), hand hygiene, and psychosocial factors affecting skin diseases.

Zika Brazilian Cohorts (ZBC) Consortium: Protocol for an Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of Congenital Zika Syndrome after Maternal Exposure during Pregnancy.

Despite great advances in our knowledge of the consequences of Zika virus to human health, many questions remain unanswered, and results are often inconsistent. The small sample size of individual studies has limited inference about the spectrum of congenital Zika manifestations and the prognosis of affected children. The Brazilian Zika Cohorts Consortium addresses these limitations by bringing together and harmonizing epidemiological data from a series of prospective cohort studies of pregnant women with rash and of children with microcephaly and/or other manifestations of congenital Zika.

Three-Year Clinical Follow-Up of Children Intrauterine Exposed to Zika Virus.

Congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection may present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Some sequelae, particularly neurodevelopmental problems, may have a later onset. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 799 high-risk pregnant women who were followed up until delivery.

Direct healthcare costs of lip, oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil.

The efficiency of public policies includes the measurement of the health resources used and their associated costs. There is a lack of studies evaluating the economic impact of oral cancer (OC). This study aims to estimate the healthcare costs of OC in Brazil from 2008 to 2016.

Computer assisted total knee arthroplasty: 2.5 years follow-up of 200 cases.

Introduction: Computer assisted surgery in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) should improve accuracy of both femoral and tibial components placement. This study evaluated the functional outcomes of computer navigated total knee arthroplasty through the Knee Society Score (KSS) and Tegner Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale (TLKSS).

Materials And Methods: Between September 2007 and February 2013, 180 patients (200 knees; 109 females and 71 males; mean age: 64 years) undergoing computer-assisted TKA were recruited.

Punicalagin triggers ergosterol biosynthesis disruption and cell cycle arrest in Cryptococcus gattii and Candida albicans : Action mechanisms of punicalagin against yeasts.

Punicalagin is a phenolic compound extracted from Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil (Lythraceae) leaves.

In vitro characterization of virulence factors among species of the Candida parapsilosis complex.

Introduction: Candida parapsilosis complex species differ from each other with regard to their prevalence and virulence.

Methods: The hydrolytic enzyme activity, biofilm production, and adhesion to epithelial cells were analyzed in 87 C. parapsilosis complex strains.

Risk Factors and Diagnosis of Diabetic Foot Ulceration in Users of the Brazilian Public Health System.

Background: An individual with diabetes mellitus (DM) has an approximately 25% risk of developing ulcerations and/or destruction of the feet's soft tissues. These wounds represent approximately 20% of all causes of hospitalizations due to DM.

Objective: To identify the factors for the development of diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) among individuals treated by the Brazilian public health system.

Late Onset of Antiretroviral Therapy in Adults Living with HIV in an Urban Area in Brazil: Prevalence and Risk Factors.

Introduction: Highly active antiretroviral therapy has been available since 1996. Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to improved therapeutic response and reduced HIV transmission. However, a significant number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) still start treatment late.