Natural Saponins on Cholesterol-Related Diseases: Treatment and Mechanism.

Saponins are compounds composed of lipophilic aglycones linked to hydrophilic sugars. Natural saponins are isolated from plants and some Marine organisms. As important cholesterol-lowering drugs, natural saponins have attracted wide attention for their therapeutic potential in a variety of cholesterol-related metabolic diseases.

Stability of expansion effects following Miniscrew-assisted Rapid Palatal expansion: a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the dental and skeletal stability one year after Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) by using 3D image data.

Methods: Patients with transverse maxillary deficiency from the age of 16 onwards were enrolled consecutively in this prospective longitudinal cohort study. The MARPE appliance was digitally and individually designed and fabricated.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with virtually no therapeutic interventions to reverse its pathology. Emerging studies emphasize the role of glial cells, particularly microglia, in brain homeostasis and AD progression. Notably, the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor GPR56 (also known as ADGRG1) is one of the critical genes defining yolk sac-derived microglia.

Identification of ferroptosis-related signature predicting prognosis and therapeutic responses in pancreatic cancer.

Ferroptosis plays a role in tumorigenesis by affecting lipid peroxidation and metabolic pathways; however, its prognostic or therapeutic relevance in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remains poorly understood. In this study, we developed a prognostic ferroptosis-related gene (FRG)-based risk model using cohorts of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), proposing plausible therapeutics. Differentially expressed FRGs between tumors from TCGA-PAAD and normal pancreatic tissues from Genotype-Tissue Expression were analyzed to construct a prognostic risk model using univariate and multivariate Cox regression and LASSO analyses.

Treatment pattern and clinical outcomes of remdesivir in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with severe chronic kidney disease: a database analysis of acute care hospitals in Japan.

Background: There is limited evidence on clinical outcomes and treatment pattern in Japanese patients with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD), hospitalized for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to describe patient characteristics, treatment pattern, and clinical outcomes in Japanese patients with severe CKD, hospitalized for COVID-19 who received remdesivir (RDV).

Methods: We used the anonymized claims database from Medical Data Vision Co.

Future increase in compound soil drought-heat extremes exacerbated by vegetation greening.

Compound soil drought and heat extremes are expected to occur more frequently with global warming, causing wide-ranging socio-ecological repercussions. Vegetation modulates air temperature and soil moisture through biophysical processes, thereby influencing the occurrence of such extremes. Global vegetation cover is broadly expected to increase under climate change, but it remains unclear whether vegetation greening will alleviate or aggravate future increases in compound soil drought-heat events.

Malate initiates a proton-sensing pathway essential for pH regulation of inflammation.

Metabolites can double as a signaling modality that initiates physiological adaptations. Metabolism, a chemical language encoding biological information, has been recognized as a powerful principle directing inflammatory responses. Cytosolic pH is a regulator of inflammatory response in macrophages.

Exploring the Regulatory Mechanism of CXCL16 Molecule-Related Antigen Presentation Using lncRNA-mRNA Co-Expression Network Analysis.

Aim: To investigate the regulatory mechanism of CXCL16 molecule-related ( extract-induced antigen presentation in a mouse asthma model based on the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA expression profile.

Methods: knockout mice and wild-type mice were administered with . extract by intratracheal instillations to induce asthma airway inflammation.

Safety and efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) over an 8-week period in individuals diagnosed with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) compared to a control group.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled 46 participants diagnosed with CP/CPPS, who were randomly assigned to either the treatment group or the control group in a 2:1 ratio. In the treatment group, ESWT was administered at the perineum once a week for 8 weeks.

HMOX1-LDHB interaction promotes ferroptosis by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction in foamy macrophages during advanced atherosclerosis.

Advanced atherosclerosis is the pathological basis for acute cardiovascular events, with significant residual risk of recurrent clinical events despite contemporary treatment. The death of foamy macrophages is a main contributor to plaque progression, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that massive iron accumulation in advanced atherosclerosis promoted foamy macrophage ferroptosis, particularly in low expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) foamy macrophages.

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria HL14-3 Inoculation Enhances Drought Tolerance in Cucumber by Triggering Abscisic Acid-Mediated Stomatal Closure.

Drought limits crop growth and yield. Inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) emerges as a promising strategy to protect crops against drought. However, the number of drought-tolerant PGPR is limited, and the regulation mechanisms remain elusive.

Lactoferrin-modified nanoemulsions enhance brain-targeting and therapeutic efficacy of arctigenin against Toxoplasma gondii-induced neuronal injury.

Toxoplasma gondii, a neurotropic protozoan parasite, affects the central nervous system and causes various neurological disorders. Previous studies have demonstrated that Arctigenin (AG) exhibits anti-T. gondii activity and reduces depression-like behaviors induced by T.

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of pyrazole derivatives containing imidazothiadiazole moiety.

Aim: The purpose of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of pyrazole derivatives (21a - i and 23a - o) synthesized.

Materials & Methods: The pyrazole derivatives were synthesized, molecular docked and tested for their antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and hemolysis rate.

Results: Most of the target compounds showed high selective inhibitory activity against multi-drug resistance compared with other strains.

Hypoalbuminemia and cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.

Background: Cisplatin binds to serum albumin in the body at a rate of 90%, and high levels of free cisplatin are a significant cause of its nephrotoxicity. Therefore, hypoalbuminemia theoretically poses a significant risk factor for cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (CIA) and can be easily corrected. However, existing research results are inconsistent.

Bile acids as a key target: traditional Chinese medicine for precision management of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus through the gut microbiota-bile acids axis.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by insulin resistance (IR) and insufficient insulin secretion. Its characteristic pathophysiological processes involve the interaction of multiple mechanisms. In recent years, globally, the prevalence of T2DM has shown a sharp rise due to profound changes in socio-economic structure, the persistent influence of environmental factors, and the complex role of genetic background.

extract attenuates combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome by the modulation of epithelial cell dysfunction and oxidative stress.

( . ) has long been a part of the human diet and medicine. Although .

[Influencing factors for remnant cholesterol among residents aged 20 and above in China, 2015-2017].

Objective: To analyze the remnant cholesterol level and its influencing factors among Chinese residents aged 20 years old and older.

Methods: Data were collected from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance(2015-2017). A stratified, multi-stage, random sampling method was used.

[Status of blood pressure among Chinese adults in 2015-2017].

Objective: To describe the mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure among adults in China in 2015-2017.

Methods: The data was from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance(2015-2017), and the research objects were from 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities) in mainland China. In this study, 182 356 adults aged 18 years and above with complete blood pressure data were selected as subjects.

The protective impact of myricetin against PM-induced cellular apoptosis by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Particulate matter 2.5 (PM) exposure is responsible for skin inflammation, aging, and disruption of skin homeostasis. The objective of this investigation was to assess the potential of myricetin in protecting against skin damage caused by PM.

Continuous worsening of population emotional stress globally: universality and variations.

Background: Understanding emotional stress stability in populations is crucial because stress is a key factor in causing depression, and it worsens well-being.

Method: In this study, using repeated cross-sectional data from 149 countries from 2007 to 2021 (N = 2,450,043), we examined time trends of psychological stress in populations worldwide.

Results: Over half of the population experienced emotional stress in 20 countries, and 85% of the countries reported worse psychological stress in 2020 compared with 2008.

Epigenetic Regulation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 in Colorectal Cancer Cells Resistant to Ionizing Radiation.

γ-Radiation resistance is a major obstacle to the success of radiotherapy in colorectal cancer. Antioxidant-related factors contribute to resistance to radiation therapy and, therefore, are targets for improving the therapeutic response. In this study, we evaluated the molecular mechanisms underlying γ-radiation resistance using the colorectal cancer cell line SNUC5 and γ-radiation-resistant variant SNUC5/RR, including analyses of the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor that regulates antioxidant enzymes, and related epigenetic regulators.

Low-Frequency Phonon Dispersion Relation Enabling Stable Cathode from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Direct recycling technology can effectively solve the environmental pollution and resource waste problems caused by spent lithium-ion batteries. However, the repaired LiNiCoMnO (NCM) black mass by direct recycling technology shows an unsatisfactory cycle life, which is attributed to the formation of spinel/rock salt phases and rotational stacking faults caused by the in-plane and out-of-plane migration of transition metal (TM) atoms during charge/discharge. Herein, local lattice stress is introduced into the regenerated cathode during repair.

Efficacy and Safety of Juan Bi Pill with Add-on Methotrexate in Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 48-Week, Multicentre, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of Juan Bi Pill (JBP) in treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: From February 2017 to May 2018, 115 participants from 4 centers were randomly divided into JBP group (57 cases) and placebo group (58 cases) in a 1:1 ratio using a random number table method. Participants received a dose of JBP (4 g, twice a day, orally) combined with methotrexate (MTX, 10 mg per week) or placebo (4 g, twice a day, orally) combined with MTX for 12 weeks.

Mechanism of miR-130b-3p in relieving airway inflammation in asthma through HMGB1-TLR4-DRP1 axis.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease characterized by recurrent breathing difficulties caused by airway obstruction and hypersensitivity. Although there is diversity in their specific mechanisms, microRNAs (miRNAs) have a significant impact on the development of asthma. Currently, the contribution of miR-130b-3p to asthma remains elusive.

Mollugin Derivatives as Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Design, Synthesis, and NF-κB Inhibition.

Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is a key inducible transcription factor that controls a large number of genes involved in inflammatory and immune processes. The entire inflammation-mediated process uses NF-κB as a hub, and inflammatory gene transcription and expression can be decreased by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing inflammatory damage. Therefore, the inhibition of this pathway is an important therapeutic target for the treatment of various types of inflammation.