Frequency and characteristics of ectopic parathyroid adenomas in a cohort of patients referred for 18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT.

Aim: This article aimed to study the frequency and characteristics of ectopic/intrathyroidal parathyroid adenomas in patients referred for 18 F-fluorocholine PET/computed tomography (CT).

Patients And Methods: From 11 June 2015 to 15 January 2024, 729 patients were studied. Recorded patient variables included hyperparathyroidism type, sex, age, presence of symptoms, renal involvement, bone involvement, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and serum calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D as well as 24-h urine calcium excretion.

Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography Before Reaching the Phoenix Criteria for Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Radiotherapy: Earlier Detection of Recurrences.

Background And Objective: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer (PCa) after curative radiotherapy (RT) is defined according to the Phoenix criteria, which is a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) rise of ≥2.0 ng/ml above the PSA nadir. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can identify PCa recurrences at very low PSA values.

Bone Scintigraphy in 2 Cases of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

A 59-year-old woman was presented to the outpatient clinic with persistent pain after a hyperextension/inversion trauma of the ankle. Six months after the incident, a 3-phase bone scan was performed. A second patient, a 54-year-old man, was referred for a 3-phase bone scan 2 months after his right hand was twisted while using a drill.

Focal Nodular Hyperplasia of the Liver Detected on Myocardial Perfusion PET/CT.

A 65-year-old woman with a few episodes of chest pain and progressive dyspnea on exertion was sent to the department of nuclear medicine for myocardial PET/CT. Pharmacological stress was performed with adenosine. During pharmacological stress, neither anginal complaints nor changes in electrocardiogram were observed.

Development of a prediction model for recurrence in patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Introduction: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) improves survival outcomes for selected patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases (PM), but recurrence rates are high. The aim of this study was to develop a tool to predict recurrence in patients with colorectal PM that undergo CRS-HIPEC.

Materials And Methods: For this retrospective cohort study, data of patients that underwent CRS-HIPEC for colorectal PM from four Dutch HIPEC centers were used.

Incidental Detection of Parathyroid Adenoma on 18F-PSMA PET/CT.

A 70-year-old man, diagnosed with prostate cancer, was referred to the Department of Nuclear Medicine for tumor staging with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT. High PSMA uptake was observed in the prostate without PSMA-avid lymph nodes or distant metastases. Coincidentally, a PSMA-avid nodule was observed dorsal to the right thyroid lobe.

FDG-Avid Granulomatous Lymphocytic Interstitial Lung Disease With Common Variable Immunodeficiency.

A 26-year-old woman with known common variable immunodeficiency was referred for FDG PET/CT because of interstitial pulmonary abnormalities and enlarged mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. FDG PET showed a combination of ground-glass abnormalities and pulmonary nodules, both displaying increased FDG uptake. In addition, multiple FDG-avid axillary, mediastinal, hilar, and inguinal lymph nodes were found.

Distant embolisation in infective endocarditis: characteristics and outcomes.

Background: Infective endocarditis is a severe and potentially lethal cardiac disease. Recognition of the clinical features of endocarditis, such as distant embolisation, and adequate treatment should be initiated promptly given the grim perspective of upcoming virulent pathogens.

Methods: We report on our registry-based experience with outcomes of consecutive patients with infective endocarditis with distant embolisation.

Comparison of [F]-FDOPA PET and [I]-FP-CIT SPECT acquired in clinical practice for assessing nigrostriatal degeneration in patients with a clinically uncertain parkinsonian syndrome.

Purpose: Two commonly used imaging techniques to aid in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative parkinsonian syndromes are dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging with [I]-FP-CIT single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT-SPECT) and positron emission tomography with [F]-FDOPA (FDOPA-PET). This paper provides a unique series of parkinsonian patients who received both FDOPA-PET and DAT-SPECT in routine clinical practice and compares the reported results to assess potential differences between these two imaging techniques.

Methods: We present 11 patients with a clinically uncertain parkinsonian syndrome (CUPS), who received both FDOPA-PET and DAT-SPECT.

Impact of cumulative complications on 1-year treatment-related healthcare costs in patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of all minor and major complications on treatment-related healthcare costs in patients who undergo cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for the treatment of colorectal peritoneal metastases (PMs).

Method: Patients with histologically proven colorectal PMs who underwent CRS + HIPEC from March 2006 to October 2019 in a tertiary referral centre were retrospectively identified from a prospectively maintained database. Patients were divided into six subgroups according to the severity of the complications, which were scored using the comprehensive complication index (CCI) (CCI 0-9.

Incidental Findings on F-Fluorocholine PET/CT for Parathyroid Imaging.

  F-choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an upcoming imaging technique for the localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands. However, F-choline is a nonspecific tracer that also accumulates in malignancies, inflammatory lesions, and several other benign abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and relevance of incidental findings on F-choline PET/CT for parathyroid localization.

Performance of visual, manual, and automatic coronary calcium scoring of cardiac N-ammonia PET/low dose CT.

Background: Coronary artery calcium is a well-known predictor of major adverse cardiac events and is usually scored manually from dedicated, ECG-triggered calcium scoring CT (CSCT) scans. In clinical practice, a myocardial perfusion PET scan is accompanied by a non-ECG triggered low dose CT (LDCT) scan. In this study, we investigated the accuracy of patients' cardiovascular risk categorisation based on manual, visual, and automatic AI calcium scoring using the LDCT scan.

Multi-task Deep Learning of Myocardial Blood Flow and Cardiovascular Risk Traits from PET Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.

Background: Advanced cardiac imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful tool for the evaluation of known or suspected cardiovascular disease. Deep learning (DL) offers the possibility to abstract highly complex patterns to optimize classification and prediction tasks.

Methods And Results: We utilized DL models with a multi-task learning approach to identify an impaired myocardial flow reserve (MFR <2.

Focal PSMA-Positive Pleural Lesion in a Patient With Stage II Prostate Carcinoma.

A 70-year-old man with histopathologically proven prostate carcinoma (Gleason, 5 + 5; prostate-specific antigen level, 6.2 μg/mL) was referred for an 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT scan. The scan revealed bilateral PSMA uptake in the prostate, representing the primary tumor, but no evidence of PSMA-positive lymph nodes.

Löfgren Syndrome on 18F-FDG PET/CT: An Acute Manifestation of Sarcoidosis.

A 58-year-old man presented with fever, erythema nodosum, and arthralgia of knee and ankle joints. Laboratory data showed signs of inflammation, and chest x-ray revealed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. 18F-FDG PET/CT was acquired to analyze the underlying causes and revealed FDG accumulation in thoracic lymphadenopathy and in subcutaneous lesions and periarticular uptake.

The EANM guideline for radiosynoviorthesis.

Purpose: Radiosynoviorthesis (RSO) using the intraarticular application of beta-particle emitting radiocolloids has for decades been used for the local treatment of inflammatory joint diseases. The injected radiopharmaceuticals are phagocytized by the superficial macrophages of the synovial membrane, resulting in sclerosis and fibrosis of the formerly inflamed tissue, finally leading to reduced joint effusion and alleviation of joint pain.

Methods: The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) has written and approved these guidelines in tight collaboration with an international team of clinical experts, including rheumatologists.

Bispecific antibody CD73xEpCAM selectively inhibits the adenosine-mediated immunosuppressive activity of carcinoma-derived extracellular vesicles.

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry potent immunosuppressive factors that affect the antitumor activities of immune cells. A significant part of the immunoinhibitory activity of EVs is attributable to CD73, a GPI-anchored ecto-5'-nucleotidase involved in the conversion of tumor-derived proinflammatory extracellular ATP (eATP) to immunosuppressive adenosine (ADO). The CD73-antagonist antibody oleclumab inhibits cell surface-exposed CD73 and is currently undergoing clinical testing for cancer immunotherapy.

Matched-Pair Comparison of F-DCFPyL PET/CT and F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in 240 Prostate Cancer Patients: Interreader Agreement and Lesion Detection Rate of Suspected Lesions.

Over 20 different prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting radiopharmaceuticals for both imaging and therapy have been synthesized. Although variability in biodistribution and affinity for binding to the PSMA receptor is known to exist between different PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals, little is known about the clinical implications of this variability. Therefore, this study analyzed differences in interreader agreement and detection rate between 2 regularly used F-labeled PSMA receptor-targeting radiopharmaceuticals: F-DCFPyL and F-PSMA-1007.

"Skull on Fire": Monostotic Paget Disease of the Skull Bone.

An 81-year-old woman was evaluated for a stroke. CT showed no intracranial abnormalities but diffuse patchy aspect of the neurocranium. An MRI and F-NA PET/CT were performed to differentiate between metastases, Paget disease, hyperostosis frontalis interna, and primary malignancy.

Clinical verification of 18F-DCFPyL PET-detected lesions in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer.

Purpose: Radiolabeled Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) PET/CT is the current standard-of-care for lesion detection in patients with biochemically recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer (PCa). However, rigorous verification of detected lesions is not always performed in routine clinical practice. To aid future 18F-radiolabeled PSMA PET/CT interpretation, we aimed to identify clinical/imaging characteristics that increase the likelihood that a PSMA-avid lesion is malignant.

F-DCFPyL PET/CT for primary staging in 160 high-risk prostate cancer patients; metastasis detection rate, influence on clinical management and preliminary results of treatment efficacy.

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT shows better diagnostic performance for detection of lymph node and bone metastases as compared to conventional imaging. Studies of PSMA PET/CT in primary staging comprise highly selected patient cohorts. This study evaluates F-DCFPyL PET/CT as first-line imaging modality for primary staging of high-risk prostate cancer.

Dynamic 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT for parathyroid imaging in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Objective: In the past few years, F-fluorocholine PET/CT has been established as a promising imaging technique for preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas, but the optimal time point to start PET/CT acquisition after tracer injection is yet unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess the optimal time frame to acquire the PET/CT images and to evaluate the ability of dynamic imaging to differentiate parathyroid adenomas from active lymph nodes, a common cause for false-positive scan results.

Patients And Methods: Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who had undergone a dynamic F-fluorocholine PET/CT positive for parathyroid disease and who subsequently underwent successful parathyroidectomy were retrospectively included in this study.

Relation between pharmacological stress ECG, 13NH3-PET/CT outcome and the occurrence of cardiac events during follow-up in women with chest pain.

Aim: Evaluation of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in women referred for NH3-PET/CT in relation to scan outcome and pharmacological stress ECG (PxECG) results.

Patients And Methods: Six hundred twenty-four women, referred for NH3-PET/CT between 2012 and 2016, were included. Demographic data and MACE during follow-up (407 ± 207 days) were retrieved from electronic patient charts.