Comprehensive evaluation on phenolic derivatives and antioxidant activities of diverse yellow maize varieties.

The main phenolic derivatives and antioxidant capacity of ninety-three yellow maize varieties were investigated, together with their color parameters. Sixteen phenolics were identified in the free extract by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, N', N″-diferuloyl putrescine and N', N″-dicoumaryl spermidine were the major phenolic derivatives. Fourteen phenolic compounds were found in the bound extract, with trans-p-coumaric acid, trans- and cis-ferulic acid being the predominant phenolic acids.

Functional characterization of maize phytochrome-interacting factor 3 (ZmPIF3) in enhancing salt tolerance in arabidopsis.

Soil salinization, a prevalent form of environmental stress, leads to significant soil desertification and impacts agricultural productivity by altering the internal soil environment, slowing cellular metabolism, and modifying cellular architecture. This results in a marked reduction in both the yield and diversity of crops. Maize, which is particularly susceptible to salt stress, serves as a critical model for studying these effects, making the elucidation of its molecular responses essential for crop improvement strategies.

Flavonoid metabolism plays an important role in response to lead stress in maize at seedling stage.

Background: Pb stress, a toxic abiotic stress, critically affects maize production and food security. Although some progress has been made in understanding the damage caused by Pb stress and plant response strategies, the regulatory mechanisms and resistance genes involved in the response to lead stress in crops are largely unknown.

Results: In this study, to uncover the response mechanism of maize to Pb stress phenotype, physiological and biochemical indexes, the transcriptome, and the metabolome under different concentrations of Pb stress were combined for comprehensive analysis.

Transcriptome analysis and identification of the low potassium stress-responsive gene SiSnRK2.6 in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.).

The transcriptome is beneficial for dissecting the mechanism of millet in response to low potassium stress and SiSnRK2.6 was identified as a potential target for improving low potassium stress tolerance. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.

Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Mating Type Distribution of on Corn in Midwestern China.

is the causal agent of northern corn leaf blight (NCLB), which is a destructive foliar disease of corn around the world. To date, limited information is available on the genetic diversity, population structure, and mating type distribution of the pathogen in the mid-west of China. In this study, based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and mating type-specific primers, we characterized 117 isolates collected from Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, and Shaanxi provinces in China.

Identification of miRNAs and their target genes associated with improved maize seed vigor induced by gibberellin.

High seed vigor is crucial for agricultural production owing to its potential in high quality and yield of crops and a better understanding of the molecular mechanism associated with maize seed vigor is highly necessary. To better understand the involvement and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs correlated with maize seed vigor, small RNAs and degradome sequencing of two inbred lines Yu537A and Yu82 were performed. A total of 791 mature miRNAs were obtained with different expressions, among of which 505 miRNAs were newly identified and the rest miRNAs have been reported before by comparing the miRNAs with the sequences in miRbase database.

on Chromosome 10 of Maize Delays Flowering of .

Maize () is a major cereal crop that originated at low latitudes, and thus photoperiod sensitivity is an important barrier to the use of tropical/subtropical germplasm in temperate regions. However, studies of the mechanisms underlying circadian regulation in maize are at an early stage. In this study we cloned on chromosome 10 of maize by map-based cloning.

Comprehensive dynamic transcriptome analysis at two seed germination stages in maize (Zea mays L.).

Seed germination, as an integral stage of crop production, directly affects Zea mays (maize) yield and grain quality. However, the molecular mechanisms of seed germination remain unclear in maize. We performed comparative transcriptome analysis of two maize inbred lines, Yu82 and Yu537A, at two stages of seed germination.

Alternative splicing of ZmCCA1 mediates drought response in tropical maize.

The circadian clock regulates numerous biological processes in plants, especially development and stress responses. CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) is one of the core components of the day-night rhythm response and is reportedly associated with ambient temperature in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, it remains unknown if alternative splicing of ZmCCA1 is modulated by external stress in maize, such as drought stress and photoperiod.

Quantitative analysis of changes in the phosphoproteome of maize induced by the plant hormone salicylic acid.

Phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) plays an important role in regulating various physiological and biochemical processes. Our previous study identified several protein kinases responsive to SA, suggesting that phosphorylation events play an important role in the plant response to SA. In this study, we characterized the phosphoproteome of maize in response to SA using isotope tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technology and TiO2 enrichment method.

Phosphoproteomic analysis of the resistant and susceptible genotypes of maize infected with sugarcane mosaic virus.

Protein phosphorylation plays a pivotal role in the regulation of many cellular events. No information is yet available, however, on protein phosphorylation in plants in response to virus infection. In this study, we characterized phosphoproteomes of resistant and susceptible genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.

QTLs for seed vigor-related traits identified in maize seeds germinated under artificial aging conditions.

High seed vigor is important for agricultural production due to the associated potential for increased growth and productivity. However, a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is required because the genetic basis for seed vigor remains unknown. We used single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for four seed vigor traits in two connected recombinant inbred line (RIL) maize populations under four treatment conditions during seed germination.

Valid application of western blotting.

Western blotting is a powerful and commonly used tool to identify and quantify a specific protein in a complex mixture. However, the systematic errors in the application of western blotting analysis are frequently to be found, which may compromise the interpretation of results. To make a valid application of western blotting, it is essential to begin with three independent biological replicates.

Comparative proteomic analysis of the plant-virus interaction in resistant and susceptible ecotypes of maize infected with sugarcane mosaic virus.

Unlabelled: Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is an important viral pathogen and has caused serious losses in grain and forage yield. To identify candidate SCMV resistance proteins and to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the plant-SCMV interaction, we conducted proteomic analyses of leaf samples from resistant and susceptible ecotypes of maize infected with SCMV. Proteins were analyzed by quantitative two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), and 93 protein spots showed statistically significant differences after virus inoculation.