Role of antioxidative stress activity of Fucoxanthin nanoparticle as hepatoprotective in diabetic rats.

This study attempts to prove that the antioxidant effect of fucoxanthin nanoparticles can prevent streptozotocin-induced rat liver damage. Fucoxanthin nanoparticles are synthesized using the high-energy ball milling method. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) was then used to describe the sizes of the fucoxanthin nanoparticles.

An Overview of Zika Virus and Zika Virus Induced Neuropathies.

Flaviviruses pose a major public health concern across the globe. Among them, Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging and reemerging arthropod-borne flavivirus that has become a major international public health problem following multiple large outbreaks over the past two decades. The majority of infections caused by ZIKV exhibit mild symptoms.

Role of Quercetin in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a significant and severe complication of diabetes that affects a large portion of the global population, with its prevalence continuing to rise. Secondary metabolites, including quercetin, have shown promising effects in mitigating the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy by targeting multiple pathological mechanisms, including impaired insulin signaling, glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, cardiac stiffness, and disrupted calcium handling. Addressing these mechanisms is crucial to prevent left ventricular diastolic and systolic dysfunction in advanced stages of diabetic heart disease.

Integrative physiological, biochemical, and proteomic analysis of the leaves of two cotton genotypes under heat stress.

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), a crucial global fibre and oil seed crop faces diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. Among these, temperature stress strongly influences its growth, prompting adaptive physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes.

Elective peri-operative management of adults taking glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: a multidisciplinary consensus statement: A consensus statement from the Association of Anaesthetists, Association of British Clinical Diabetologists, British Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society, Centre for Perioperative Care, Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care, Royal College of Anaesthetists, Society for Obesity and Bariatric Anaesthesia and UK Clinical Pharmacy Association.

Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors are used increasingly in patients receiving peri-operative care. These drugs may be associated with risks of peri-operative pulmonary aspiration or euglycaemic ketoacidosis. We produced a consensus statement for the peri-operative management of adults taking these drugs.

Biplanar Lateral Hemi-Wedge Osteotomy for the Correction of Severe Tibial Varus Deformity.

Indication for this hemi-wedge high tibial osteotomy is the combination of medial osteoarthritis or cartilage damage, varus deformity of >10°, and medial proximal tibial angle of <80°. The proximal lateral tibia is exposed via a skin incision of approximately 10 cm length between the tibial tuberosity and the head of the fibula. After detachment of the anterior tibial muscle, a first oblique guidewire marks the main osteotomy plane and a second guidewire marks the hemi-wedge.

Formation of the rosette-like starch with enhanced V-type crystallization via modified solvent-shifting method.

This research investigated the effect modified solvent-shifting method on the formation, ordered structure, and morphology of V-type starch. Ionic liquid (IL) dissolution and hot ethanol aqueous incubation in gradient concentrations from 30 % to 80 % (v/v) were applied to optimize the relative crystallinity of V-type starch. The results showed that this new method worked in producing V-type conformation, and higher ethanol concentration tended to yield V-type starch with higher crystallinity and more disk-like shape structure within the ethanol range of 30-50 % (v/v).

Effects of Magnesium-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Bioink Formulation for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Bioprinting of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA)-based bioinks has attracted considerable interest in bone tissue engineering. However, the role and relevance of the physicochemical properties of nHA incorporated in a bioink, particularly in terms of its printability and the biological behavior of bioprinted cells, remain largely unexplored. In this study, two bioinspired nHAs with different chemical compositions, crystallinity, and morphologies were synthesized and characterized: a more crystalline, needle-like Mg-doped nHA (N-HA) and a more amorphous, rounded Mg- and CO-doped nHA (R-HA).

Demographic and regional patterns of epilepsy-related mortality in the USA: Insights from CDC WONDER data.

Background: Epilepsy poses significant challenges globally, with varied clinical, social, and economic impacts. Despite advances in treatment, epilepsy-related mortality remains a concern. This study aimed to analyze the demographic and regional distributions of epilepsy-related mortality in the United States (U.

Factors associated with the delay in diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis at the patient and health system level: A study from a rural setting in India.

Background: With the proportion of tuberculosis cases that are extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) increasing in recent years, understanding and addressing factors contributing to the prolonged time to diagnosis (TTD) of EPTB patients is vital.

Methods: We enrolled presumptive EPTB patients for a cohort study from 2018-2020 in Ujjain, India. Based on a structured questionnaire, the patients were interviewed for socio-demographic and clinical information, including previously visited health facilities (HF) for this illness.

Formulation development and evaluation, in silico PBPK modeling and in vivo pharmacodynamic studies of clozapine matrix type transdermal patches.

Clozapine is a potent serotonin receptor antagonist and commonly used for the treatment of Schizophrenia. The study aimed to develop and optimize the transdermal matrix patch of clozapine. A 3-level, 3-factor Central Composite Design was applied to examine and validate the impact of various formulation variables, Eudragit, PEG, and oleic acid on in vitro drug release, flux, and tensile strength (TS).

Evaluation of the Nutritional Impact of Baobab Leaves ( L.) as a Dietary Intervention to Combat Nutrient Deficiencies and Poverty-Related Health Problems.

Background/objectives: Baobab ( L.) is an underutilized species and edible parts (fruits, leaves and seeds) contribute to food security and human health in tropical areas. Although the fruits have attracted greater research interest and have recently been approved for consumption in EU countries, the leaves are traditionally consumed but they have yet to be studied from an interventional perspective.

Occupational Risk Factors for Burnout Syndrome Among Healthcare Professionals: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Health professionals are disproportionately affected by burnout compared to other occupational groups. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze thirteen occupational risk factors related to burnout syndrome among health professionals globally. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in August 2023.

Systematic development and bioprinting of novel nanostructured multi-material bioinks for bone tissue engineering.

A functional bioink with potential in bone tissue engineering must be subjected to critical investigation throughout its intended lifespan. The aim of this study was to develop alginate-gelatin-based (Alg-Gel) multicomponent bioinks systematically and to assess the short- and long-term exposure responses of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) printed within these bioinks with and without crosslinking. The first generation of bioinks was established by incorporating a range of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), to evaluate their effect on viscosity, printability and cell viability.

Precision Emergency Medicine: A Systematic Review.

Precision medicine, which customizes healthcare based on individual genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, has significantly advanced various medical fields. However, its adoption in emergency medicine remains limited despite the potential to enhance patient outcomes through more accurate diagnostics and personalized treatments. This systematic review examined current evidence on the application of precision medicine in emergency care by analyzing studies published between 2010 and 2024.

Diagnostic delay among symptomatic breast cancer patients: a study in Sudanese women.

Background: Early diagnosis of breast cancer is essential for effective treatment and improved survival rates. A longer gap between the appearance of symptoms and the initiation of therapy results in advanced disease and lower survival.Objectives: to assess factors associated with diagnosis delay among Sudanese women with breast cancer.

Enhancing immune response and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma with novel oncolytic Jurona virus and immune checkpoint blockade.

Members of the genus including Jurona virus (JURV) have emerged as promising immunotherapeutic agents, characterized by their tumor selectivity, fast kinetics, low seroprevalence, and minimal toxicity in humans. Here, we demonstrate that the administration of JURV leads to tumor regression in both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft and syngeneic models. Furthermore, our findings indicate that combining JURV and anti-PD-1 therapy reduced tumor burden and improved survival rates over JURV or anti-PD-1 alone in an orthotopic HCC model.

Improved estimation of carbon dioxide and methane using machine learning with satellite observations over the Arabian Peninsula.

Estimating spatiotemporal maps of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is important for understanding climate change and developing mitigation strategies. However, current methods face challenges, including the coarse resolution of numerical models, and gaps in satellite data, making it essential to improve the spatiotemporal estimation of GHGs. This study aims to develop an advanced technique to produce high-fidelity (1 km) maps of CO and CH over the Arabian Peninsula, a highly vulnerable region to climate change.

Kaempferol: Unveiling its anti-inflammatory properties for therapeutic innovation.

Inflammation, driven by various stimuli such as pathogens, cellular damage, or vascular injury, plays a central role in numerous acute and chronic conditions. Current treatments are being re-evaluated, prompting interest in naturally occurring compounds like kaempferol, a flavonoid prevalent in fruits and vegetables, for their anti-inflammatory properties. This study explores the therapeutic potential of kaempferol, focusing on its ability to modulate pro-inflammatory cytokines and its broader effects on inflammatory signaling pathways.

Research Participants' Engagement and Retention in Digital Health Interventions Research: Protocol for Mixed Methods Systematic Review.

Background: Digital health interventions have become increasingly popular in recent years, expanding the possibilities for treatment for various patient groups. In clinical research, while the design of the intervention receives close attention, challenges with research participant engagement and retention persist. This may be partially due to the use of digital health platforms, which may lack adequacy for participants.

Particle size of wheat straw from genetically improved wheat affects the production performance and feeding behavior of Sahiwal cows.

The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of particle size (PS) and inclusion level of wheat straw (WS) obtained from genetically improved wheat on the performance and feeding behavior of Sahiwal cows. Twelve multiparous, mid-lactating Sahiwal cows (DIM 135 ± 25, mean ± SD; 12.8 ± 1.

Curriculum Innovations: A Novel Neurology Clinician-Educator Program.

Background And Objectives: Neurology residents serve as frontline teachers for junior trainees but often lack formal training in medical education. We developed a novel longitudinal curriculum to enhance the teaching skills and educational leadership of residents interested in pursuing careers as clinician-educators.

Methods And Curriculum Description: We developed and piloted a Neurology Clinician-Educator Program (NCEP) with the following goals: (1) improve resident satisfaction with opportunities to develop teaching skills, (2) improve resident satisfaction with opportunities to transition into a clinician-educator role after training, and (3) enhance resident teaching skills using evidence-based strategies.

Exploration of Psychological, Social, and Familial Issues of Females Living in the Shelter in Iraqi Kurdistan Through an Art-Based Qualitative Study.

Objective: Female young prisoners may not be willing to discuss their familial and social issues through direct interviews. Therefore, other academic techniques, such as art-based techniques, could be used in this context. We aimed to explore female prisoners' psychological, familial, and social issues through an art-based approach.