Assessing the efficacy of metacognitive therapy as monotherapy or adjunctive treatment in patient suffering from major depression and dysthimia: A comprehensive review of clinical trials.

Background: Depression is one of the most widespread diseases worldwide, with the highest rates of disability. Considering its chronic course, over the years several treatment options have been developed and validated, however still with high relapse rates. Therefore, in recent years, the so-called third wave psychotherapies have been developed for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.

Comparison between SeHCAT test and clinical response to cholestyramine in patients with chronic diarrhea and high suspicion of bile acid malabsorption: A single-center prospective study.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the clinical response to cholestyramine in patients with functional chronic diarrhea and a high clinical suspicion of bile-acid diarrhea (BAD) investigated with 75-selenium homocholic acid taurine (SeHCAT) test.

Methods: Adult patients attending our outpatient clinic between January and December 2021 for chronic diarrhea with suspicion of BAD were proposed SeHCAT testing and a therapeutic trial of cholestyramine 4-8 g daily. Clinical response to cholestyramine was evaluated at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.

Gender Differences in Family Caregiving. Do female caregivers do more or undertake different tasks?

Background: Two out of three family caregivers are female. However, current trends show that men are more likely to undertake caregiving duties, yet female caregivers report a higher burden. This paper analyzed data from long-term family caregivers to determine whether, under similar circumstances, gender differences in caregiving persist.

Evaluating Ecological Impact and Sustainability in the Manufacturing of Advanced Therapies: Comparative Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Production of ATMPs in Open and Closed Systems.

The primary aim of this systematic analysis is to highlight opportunities to improve the environmental impact of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) manufacturing. We have compared the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions expressed in CO2eq of a classic clean room open system (AinB) Cell Factory versus a comparable closed system equipped with isolators (AinD). We have therefore outlined a theoretical situation to simulate the use of a closed system with an equivalent production output to that obtained in the Cell Factory (CF) of the Regina Margherita Children's Hospital.

ITA-IMMUNO-PET: The Role of [18F]FDG PET/CT for Assessing Response to Immunotherapy in Patients with Some Solid Tumors.

Aim: To examine the role of [18F]FDG PET/CT for assessing response to immunotherapy in patients with some solid tumors.

Methods: Data recorded in a multicenter ( = 17), retrospective database between March and November 2021 were analyzed. The sample included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of a solid tumor who underwent serial [18F]FDG PET/CT (before and after one or more cycles of immunotherapy), who were >18 years of age, and had a follow-up of at least 12 months after their first PET/CT scan.

GMP-Grade Manufacturing and Quality Control of a Non-Virally Engineered Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product for Personalized Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

The introduction of new therapeutics requires validation of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-grade manufacturing including suitable quality controls. This is challenging for Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMP) with personalized batches. We have developed a person-alized, cell-based gene therapy to treat age-related macular degeneration and established a vali-dation strategy of the GMP-grade manufacture for the ATMP; manufacturing and quality control were challenging due to a low cell number, batch-to-batch variability and short production duration.

New Strategies for Novel Drugs: Antimicrobial Peptides Containing Ferrocene with Improved Antifungal and Antiplasmodial Biological Activity.

Background: Fungal and parasitic diseases are global health problems, and the available treatments are becoming ineffective, mainly due to the emergence of resistant strains of pathogens. Furthermore, the drugs currently in use exhibit high toxicity and side effects. The scarcity of efficient treatments for fungal and parasitic diseases has motivated the search for new drug candidates, including antimicrobial peptides.

Phosphoinositide Conversion Inactivates R-RAS and Drives Metastases in Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and a major cause of death in women worldwide. Although early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention significantly improve patient survival rate, metastasis still accounts for most deaths. Here it is reported that, in a cohort of more than 2000 patients with breast cancer, overexpression of PI3KC2α occurs in 52% of cases and correlates with high tumor grade as well as increased probability of distant metastatic events, irrespective of the subtype.

New Isoquinoline Alkaloids from Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa F03, a Fungal Endophyte Isolated from Paepalanthus planifolius.

As part of our continuing efforts to discover new bioactive compounds from endophytic fungal sources, we have investigated the extract of the F03 strain. The study led to the isolation of four new 3-methyl-isoquinoline alkaloids (1:  - 4: ) and four known polyketides (5:  - 8: ). The structures of compounds 1:  - 4: were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments and HRMS analysis.

STAT3 induces breast cancer growth via ANGPTL4, MMP13 and STC1 secretion by cancer associated fibroblasts.

In the tumor microenvironment, Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) become activated by cancer cells and increase their secretory activity to produce soluble factors that contribute to tumor cells proliferation, invasion and dissemination to distant organs. The pro-tumorigenic transcription factor STAT3 and its canonical inducer, the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, act conjunctly in a positive feedback loop that maintains high levels of IL-6 secretion and STAT3 activation in both tumor and stromal cells. Here, we demonstrate that STAT3 is essential for the pro-tumorigenic functions of murine breast cancer CAFs both in vitro and in vivo, and identify a STAT3 signature significantly enriched for genes encoding for secreted proteins.

Medulloblastoma in adults: an analysis of clinico-pathological, molecular and treatment factors.

Background: Medulloblastoma is a highly malignant, embryonal tumor, which is rare in adults, and shows distinct clinical, histopathological, molecular and treatment response features.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated 44 adults (age 17-48 years) with a histological diagnosis of medulloblastoma, and in 23 immunohistochemistry was used to identify the molecular subgroups. We analyzed demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic and cognitive data, and correlated with PFS (progression-free-survival) and OS (overall survival).

Form and Function: A Study on the Distribution of the Inflectional Endings in Italian Nouns and Adjectives.

Inflectional values, such as singular and plural, sustain agreement relations between constituents in sentences, allowing sentence parsing and prediction in online processing. Ideally, these processes would be facilitated by a consistent and transparent correspondence between the inflectional values and their form: for example, the value of plural should always be expressed by the same ending, and that ending should only express plural. Experimental research reports higher processing costs in the presence of a non-transparent relation between forms and values.

MAPK15 Controls Hedgehog Signaling in Medulloblastoma Cells by Regulating Primary Ciliogenesis.

In medulloblastomas, genetic alterations resulting in over-activation and/or deregulation of proteins involved in Hedgehog (HH) signaling lead to cellular transformation, which can be prevented by inhibition of primary ciliogenesis. Here, we investigated the role of MAPK15 in HH signaling and, in turn, in HH-mediated cellular transformation. We first demonstrated, in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts, the ability of this kinase of controlling primary ciliogenesis and canonical HH signaling.

Delivery Route and the Outcome of Newborn Hearing Screening of Full-Term Neonates Born in a Public Maternal-Infant Hospital in the South of Brazil.

 The newborn hearing screening (NHS) is the most effective strategy for detecting newborns and infants suspected to have hearing loss.  To verify possible associations between the route of delivery and the results of the NHS conducted at 3 independent times (24, 36, and 36 hours with a facilitator auricular maneuver [FAM]) in the lives of full-term newborns.  A descriptive, observational, prospective study performed with a sample of 462 newborns, with a gestational age ≥ 37 weeks, without risk indicators of hearing loss.

Strengthening Critical Health Literacy for Health Information Appraisal: An Approach from Argumentation Theory.

The overload of health information has been a major challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health authorities play a primary role in managing this information. However, individuals have to apply critical health literacy to evaluate it.

The challenges characterizing the lived experience of caregiving. A qualitative study in the field of spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Qualitative exploratory study.

Objectives: To explore the lived experience of SCI caregivers, with a focus on the challenges of their role.

Setting: Caregivers of people with SCI living in the community in Switzerland.

An exploration of information seeking behavior among persons living with spinal cord injury in Switzerland.

Study Design: Observational study using data from the second community survey of the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort Study (Survey 2017).

Objectives: To examine information seeking of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Switzerland and its association with personal characteristics, quality of life, satisfaction with health, and healthcare services utilization.

Setting: Community.

Living situation of family caregivers of persons with spinal cord injury.

Objective: To describe the living situation of family caregivers of persons with spinal cord injury.

Design: Cross-sectional questionnaire.

Subjects: Primary family caregivers of persons with chronic spinal cord injury in Switzerland.

Hope and therapeutic privilege: time for shared prognosis communication.

Communicating an unfavourable prognosis while maintaining patient hope represents a critical challenge for healthcare professionals (HPs). Duty requires respect for the right to patient autonomy while at the same time not doing harm by causing hopelessness and demoralisation. In some cases, the need for therapeutic privilege is discussed.

Proteome-wide identification of HSP70/HSC70 chaperone clients in human cells.

The 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family of chaperones are the front line of protection from stress-induced misfolding and aggregation of polypeptides in most organisms and are responsible for promoting the stability, folding, and degradation of clients to maintain cellular protein homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate quantitative identification of HSP70 and 71 kDa heat shock cognate (HSC70) clients using a ubiquitin-mediated proximity tagging strategy and show that, despite their high degree of similarity, these enzymes have largely nonoverlapping specificities. Both proteins show a preference for association with newly synthesized polypeptides, but each responds differently to changes in the stoichiometry of proteins in obligate multi-subunit complexes.

Liver-Specific siRNA-Mediated Stat3 or C3 Knockdown Improves the Outcome of Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis.

Myocarditis can lead to autoimmune disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, and heart failure, which is modeled in the mouse by cardiac myosin immunization (experimental autoimmune myocarditis [EAM]). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) systemic inhibition exerts both preventive and therapeutic effects in EAM, and STAT3 constitutive activation elicits immune-mediated myocarditis dependent on complement C3 and correlating with activation of the STAT3-interleukin 6 (IL-6) axis in the liver. Thus, liver-specific STAT3 inhibition may represent a therapeutic option, allowing to bypass the heart toxicity, predicted by systemic STAT3 inhibition.

Coping strategies of family caregivers in spinal cord injury: a qualitative study.

Purpose: To identify the coping strategies used by family caregivers of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Switzerland in order to develop tailored support programs.

Materials And Methods: Purposive sample of >18 years participants, speaking an official Swiss language fluently, being family caregivers of persons with SCI for at least 4 years, and perceiving either a high or low burden in relation to caregiving. Data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews ( = 22).