: The STOP-IT randomized clinical trial (RCT) pioneered limiting antibiotic agents in intra-abdominal infection (IAI) with adequate surgical source control, but NIH funding ended before an adequate power sample size was enrolled to determine equivalence between STOP-IT study regimens: four days of antibiotic agents (4-days) after source control versus antibiotic agents until resolution of signs and symptoms of IAI plus two days (standard of care [SOC]). The objective of this investigation was to identify possible significant treatment effects 4-days versus SOC, and independent variables defining and predicting outcomes. : De-identified data from 518 STOP-IT subjects were analyzed retrospectively in two groups: 4-days (n = 258) and SOC (n = 260), and separately as one group (n = 518).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccording to a well-known principle of quantum physics, the statistics of the outcomes of any quantum experiment are governed by a Positive-Operator-Valued Measure (POVM). In particular, for experiments designed to measure a specific physical quantity, like the time of a particle's first arrival at a surface, this principle establishes that if the probability distribution of that quantity does not arise from a POVM, no such experiment exists. Such is the case with the arrival time distributions proposed by Das and Dürr, due to the nature of their spin dependence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe wound healing assay is a simple and inexpensive method that allows researchers to experimentally mimic cell growth and migration leading to wound healing. In this assay, a wound is created on a monolayer of cultured mammalian cells and cell migration is monitored. Micrographs are captured at regular intervals during the duration of the experiment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe function of the budding yeast YML018C protein remains to be determined. High-throughput studies have reported that the YML018C protein localizes to the vacuolar membrane and physically interacts with the autophagy-related protein Atg27p. While this evidence suggests a potential role for this uncharacterized protein in the process of autophagy, the function of this putative interaction remains uncharacterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUndergraduate students in the biomedical sciences are often interested in future health-focused careers. This presents opportunities for instructors in genetics, molecular biology, and cancer biology to capture their attention using lab experiences built around clinically relevant data. As biomedical science in general becomes increasingly dependent on high-throughput data, well-established scientific databases such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) have become publicly available tools for medically relevant inquiry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe center of tumors, stem cell niches and mucosal surfaces all represent areas of the body that are reported to be anoxic. However, long-term study of anoxic cell physiology is hindered by the lack of a sustainable method permitting cell cultivation in the complete absence of oxygen. A novel methodology was developed that enabled anoxic cell cultivation (17d maximum time tested) and cell passage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWilderness Environ Med
December 2017
Exposure to leeches in the wilderness setting is common. Leeches may attach themselves to exposed skin or pass through one of the body's orifices and attach internally. The condition of leech attachment is known as hirudiniasis, which can result in serious morbidity and, rarely, mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWeak values allow the measurement of observables associated with noncommuting operators. Up to now, position-momentum weak values have been mainly developed for (relativistic) photons. In this Letter, a proposal for the measurement of such weak values in typical electronic devices is presented.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn relativistic space-time, Bohmian theories can be formulated by introducing a privileged foliation of space-time. The introduction of such a foliation-as extra absolute space-time structure-would seem to imply a clear violation of Lorentz invariance, and thus a conflict with fundamental relativity. Here, we consider the possibility that, instead of positing it as extra structure, the required foliation could be covariantly determined by the wave function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys
January 2010
We consider an isolated macroscopic quantum system. Let H be a microcanonical "energy shell," i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is well known that a system weakly coupled to a heat bath is described by the canonical ensemble when the composite S + B is described by the microcanonical ensemble corresponding to a suitable energy shell. This is true for both classical distributions on the phase space and quantum density matrices. Here we show that a much stronger statement holds for quantum systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe discuss a recently proposed extension of Bohmian mechanics to quantum field theory. For more or less any regularized quantum field theory there is a corresponding theory of particle motion, which, in particular, ascribes trajectories to the electrons or whatever sort of particles the quantum field theory is about. Corresponding to the nonconservation of the particle number operator in the quantum field theory, the theory describes explicit creation and annihilation events: the world lines for the particles can begin and end.
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