Thermal Manipulation During the Embryonic Stage and the Post-Hatch Characteristics of Broiler Chickens.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of thermal manipulation during incubation on the hatchability, the performance, the carcass characteristics, the intestinal villi, the nutrient metabolizability, and some physiological parameters in broiler chickens. Ross eggs were randomly distributed into four commercial automatic incubators. The treatments were as follows: incubator kept at 37.

The effects of injection with sulfur amino acids and folic acid on the gene expression, relative organ weights, hematologic parameters, performance, and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of injection of folic acid (FA) and sulfur amino acids (SAAs) on the mitotic activity of myocytes, performance, relative organ weight, hematological values, and characteristics of broiler chicken carcasses. A total of 1200 fertile eggs from 42-week-old Ross AP breeders were inoculated in the albumen on the first day of incubation in a completely randomized design with one of the treatments: C-intact eggs; SS: inoculation with 0.5 mL of saline solution; FA: 0.

Use of Tribulus terrestris and Lepidium meyenii extract in rats: reproductive, biochemical and body parameters.

The oral administration of Tribulus terrestris and Lepidium meyenii extracts on reproductive, biochemical and body parameters was evaluated in rats. Thirty-six male Wistar rats weighting 210 ± 18 g were divided into six experimental groups (n = 6). Each group received, daily for 28 days, different solutions: T.

Yeast Beta-Glucans Ingestion Does Not Influence Body Weight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pre-Clinical Studies.

Dietary fiber supplementation has been studied as a promising strategy in the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to verify whether the consumption of yeast beta-glucan (BG) favors weight loss in obese and non-obese rodents. The PICO strategy was employed, investigating rodents (Population), subjected to the oral administration of yeast BG (Intervention) compared to animals receiving placebo (Comparison), evaluating body weight changes (Outcome), and based on preclinical studies (Study design).

Exogenous Albumin Is Crucial for Pig Sperm to Elicit In Vitro Capacitation Whereas Bicarbonate Only Modulates Its Efficiency.

This work sought to address whether the presence of exogenous bicarbonate is required for pig sperm to elicit in vitro capacitation and further progesterone-induced acrosome exocytosis. For this purpose, sperm were either incubated in a standard in vitro capacitation medium or a similar medium with different concentrations of bicarbonate (either 0 mM, 5 mM, 15 mM or 38 mM) and BSA (either 0 mg/mL or 5 mg/mL). The achievement of in vitro capacitation and progesterone-induced acrosomal exocytosis was tested through the analysis of sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and lipid disorder, acrosome exocytosis, intracellular calcium levels, mitochondria membrane potential, O consumption rate and the activities of both glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha (GSK3α) and protein kinase A (PKA).

Dietary crude protein levels during growth phase affects reproductive characteristics but not reproductive efficiency of adult male Japanese quails.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the influence of different dietary crude protein (CP) levels during the growth phase on reproductive characteristics and reproductive efficiency as well as the body development of adult male Japanese quail.

Methods: Three hundred one-day-old male quails were distributed into five treatments with diets containing different CP levels (18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, and 26%) in a completely randomized design, with six replicates of ten birds each. The CP diets were applied only during the growth phase (1 to 35 days).

Reproductive aspects of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) hatched from eggs incubated under different light colors.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to different colors of light during egg incubation on the reproductive parameters of male and female Japanese quails. A total of 1776 eggs were incubated under four lighting conditions for 24 h a day during the entire incubation period: white LEDs, green LEDs, red LEDs and darkness (control). The experimental design was a randomized block (incubation time) with four treatments of six replicates of two cages each.

Histone deacetylase inhibitor during in vitro maturation decreases developmental capacity of bovine oocytes.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of scriptaid during pre-maturation (PIVM) and/or maturation (IVM) on developmental competence of bovine oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were submitted to PIVM for 6 h in the presence or absence of scriptaid. COCs were distributed into five groups: T1-IVM for 22 h, T2-PIVM for 6 h and IVM for 22 h, T3-PIVM with scriptaid for 6 h and IVM for 22 h, T4-PIVM for 6 h and IVM with scriptaid for 22 h, and T5-PIVM with scriptaid for 6 h and IVM with scriptaid for 22 h.

Antioxidant enrichment of rooster semen extenders - A systematic review.

The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the potential benefits of antioxidant enrichment of semen extenders. These substances are used to combat oxidative stress during processing and conservation of rooster semen. A literature search was performed in June 2020 using the keywords rooster AND (semen OR spermatozoa OR sperm OR ejaculate OR ejaculation).

Relationship between beta-adrenergic agonists, calpain system activity and beef texture: A systematic review.

The objective was to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with beta-adrenergic agonists on calpains and calpastatin activity in bovine muscle and changes in meat tenderness. A survey was conducted in June 2019 on Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Capes Periodicals, using four keyword combinations: agonist and calpain and cattle; agonist and calpain and bovine; agonist and calpain and heifers; agonist and calpain and steers. Thirteen studies were selected, 54% concluded that supplementation with beta-adrenergic agonists increases calpastatin activity, 23% observed increase in their gene expression and 23% reported no effect on activity or expression of this enzyme.

Occupational exposure to Brucella spp.: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease of remarkable importance worldwide. The focus of this systematic review was to investigate occupational brucellosis and to identify the main infection risks for each group exposed to the pathogen. Seven databases were used to identify papers related to occupational brucellosis: CABI, Cochrane, Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science.

Chlorogenic acid improves the quality of boar semen processed in Percoll.

This study aimed to evaluate if the addition of chlorogenic acid (ChA) to semen extenders improves the quality of cooled boar semen processed in Percoll. The experimental design was randomized blocks (ejaculates) in a 2×3 factorial (with or without Percoll, and three antioxidant systems: a negative control, without supplementation, a positive control - vitamin E, and ChA), totaling six treatments and 12 repetitions. ChA and vitamin E (VE) were added at 4.

injection with glycerol and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I): hatchability, intestinal morphometry, performance, and carcass characteristics of broilers.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of injection with glycerol (GLY) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) on hatchability, biochemical parameters, intestinal morphometry, performance, and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. A total of 400 fertilised eggs were distributed into five experimental groups. The treatments were arranged as non-injected (control), saline solution injected (0.

Histone acetylation during the in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes with different levels of competence.

We aimed to analyse the histone acetylation status and expression profile of genes involved in histone acetylation (histone acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1), lysine acetyltransferase 2A (KAT2A), histone deacetylase 1(HDAC1), HDAC2 and HDAC3) in bovine oocytes of different competences during invitro maturation (IVM). Cumulus-oocyte complexes were recovered from two groups of follicles: minor follicles (1.0-3.

Inclusion of Madagascar cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) meal in the diet of cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) in captivity: Influences on offspring development.

The use of unconventional food for animals is becoming more common. The objective was to evaluate the inclusion of Madagascar cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa) meal in the diet of cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) chicks in captivity. Twenty-eight cockatiel chicks were used during 90 days of experiment.

Addition of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and reduced glutathione (GSH) to cryopreserved boar semen.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding reduced glutathione (GSH) to a boar semen freezing extender supplemented with insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) or anti-IGF-I. Eight ejaculates from eight boars were extended to obtain insemination doses, which were supplemented with either recombinant human IGF-I (30 ng/mL) or anti-IGF-I (60 ng/mL) shortly after extension. After 24 h of liquid storage at 17 °C, the semen was frozen with or without GSH (5 mM) in the freezing extender for a total of six treatments.

Reproductive Characteristics of Cockatiels () Maintained in Captivityand Receiving Madagascar Cockroach () Meal.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a Madagascar cockroach () meal in the feed of cockatiels () in captivity and its influence on the reproductive characteristics of these birds. Twelve pairs of birds were used during two subsequent reproductive cycles of 130 days each, with time divided into four phases: laying, incubation, rearing of chicks until 30 days of age, and return to the new laying phase. The pairs were divided into two groups: a control group, which received a commercial diet for psittacines + a mixture of seeds, and a test group, which received the same diet as the control group except for the addition of a Madagascar cockroach meal in a ratio of 14 g of commercial food to 1 g of cockroach meal (6.

Smartphone use while eating increases caloric ingestion.

The use of smartphones during meals may possibly influence the number of ingested calories. We evaluated the influence of smartphones' distraction during eating on caloric intake. Physical (masticatory parameters, sex and body mass index - BMI); environmental (with or without distraction) and psychological (stress levels) variables were evaluated as confounding factors.

Supplementing Maturation Medium With Insulin Growth Factor I and Vitrification-Warming Solutions With Reduced Glutathione Enhances Survival Rates and Development Ability of Matured Vitrified-Warmed Pig Oocytes.

The present study sought to determine whether maturation (IVM) of pig oocytes in a medium supplemented with insulin growth factor-I (IGF-I) and subsequent vitrification with or without reduced glutathione (GSH) affect their quality and developmental competence, and the expression of genes involved in antioxidant, apoptotic and stress responses. In Experiment 1, cumulus-oocyte complexes were matured in the absence or presence of IGF-I (100 ng·mL) and then vitrified-warmed with or without 2 mM of GSH. Maturation rate was evaluated before vitrification, and oocyte viability, DNA fragmentation and relative transcript abundances of BCL-2-associated X protein (), BCL2-like1 (), heat shock protein 70 (), glutathione peroxidase 1 () and superoxide dismutase 1 () genes were assessed in fresh and vitrified-warmed oocytes.

Effectiveness of citrulline and N-carbamoyl glutamate as arginine precursors on reproductive performance in mammals: A systematic review.

The use of functional nutrients has been proposed to reduce the occurrence of intrauterine growth retardation in animals at birth in several mammalian species. The objective of this study was to verify the effectiveness of citrulline and N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) dietary supplementation as arginine precursors for mammalian species, and the effects on fetal development through a systematic review. The search for studies was performed during August 2018 in the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus databases.

The achievement of boar sperm in vitro capacitation is related to an increase of disrupted disulphide bonds and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels.

The aim of this work was to determine the relationship of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the disulphide bonds established between sperm proteins with the achievement of capacitation in boar spermatozoa. With this purpose, spermatozoa were incubated in a specifically designed in vitro capacitation medium (CM) in the presence or absence of reduced glutathione (GSH). Incubation of boar spermatozoa in CM for 4 h significantly (p < 0.

Oat beta-glucan as a dietary supplement for dogs.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oat beta-glucan supplementation on metabolic, physiological, immunological and nutritional variables in adult dogs. Fourteen dogs were fed a control diet or a diet supplemented with 1% beta-glucan during 71 days. Serum concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol and lipoprotein fractions, as well as plasma concentrations of peptide YY and ghrelin, were determined.

Chlorogenic acid improves the quality of boar semen subjected to cooled storage at 15°C.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chlorogenic acid (ChA) in boar semen stored at 15°C. Twelve ejaculates were processed into insemination doses at different concentrations of ChA (0.0, 1.

Histological characteristics of the gonads of pig fetuses and their relationship with fetal anatomical measurements.

The objective was to evaluate the histomorphometric characteristics of the testis and ovaries of pig fetuses at different gestational ages, as well as their correlation with some fetus measurements. Forty-four fetuses were separated for gender (male and female) and gestational age (50, 80 and 106days of gestation). After slaughter, fetuses had their body length, head and thoracic perimeters measured and their gonads submitted to histomorphometric analyses.