mTORC1 regulates the proliferation of SOX9 porcine skin-derived stem cells (pSDSCs) by promoting S6K phosphorylation.

Skin-derived stem cells (SDSCs) are a subtype of adult stem cells (ASCs) that are widely harvested and exempt from ethical restrictions in clinical applications. These cells possess capabilities for self-renewal, proliferation, and multi-lineage differentiation. Compared to model animals like rats and mice, pigs exhibit greater physiological similarity to humans.

Cervical Defect Reconstruction Using Preexpanded Neck Flaps Transferred in a Scarf-wrapping Manner.

Objective: Cervical burn scar contractures can be repaired using many modalities, including skin grafts, pedicled and free flaps. Although preexpanded cervical flaps can provide a like-with-like reconstruction, a simple advancement transfer of the flaps often fails to achieve ideal outcomes. The authors aimed to introduce a method using the preexpanded cervical flaps transferred in a scarf-wrapping manner to repair neck defects.

MIL-53(Al)-derived bimetallic Pd-Co catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene at low temperature.

Selective hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene is a crucial industrial process for the removing of 1,3-butadiene, a byproduct of butene production. Developing catalysts with high catalytic performance for the hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene at low temperatures has become a research hotspot. In this study, bimetallic Pd-Co catalysts supported on AlO derived from MIL-53(Al) at various calcination temperatures were synthesised via the co-impregnation method.

Eribulin Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD): Comparison With Other Cytotoxic Agents and Temporal Relationship of ICD Biomarkers.

Background/aim: Preclinical studies were undertaken to investigate whether eribulin's known cytotoxic antimitotic effects are characterized by immunogenic cell death (ICD) as assessed by three established ICD biomarkers: extracellular released ATP, released HMGB1 and cell surface calreticulin.

Materials And Methods: Using BT-549, Hs578T and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, antiproliferative IC's of eribulin, five other microtubule targeting agents (MTAs; ER-076349, vinblastine, vinorelbine, paclitaxel, docetaxel) and three DNA damaging agents (DDAs; doxorubicin, cisplatin, oxaliplatin) were determined.

Results: Treatment of cells with 10×IC concentrations of all drugs in serum-free media resulted in time-dependent induction of cytotoxicity over DMSO controls.

The polycomb protein complex interacts with GATA-6/PPARα to inhibit α-MHC expression.

Transcription factors collaborate with epigenetic regulatory factors to orchestrate cardiac differentiation for heart development, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we report that GATA-6 induces cardiac differentiation but peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) reverses GATA-6-induced cardiac differentiation, possibly because GATA-6/PPARα recruits the polycomb protein complex containing EZH2/Ring1b/BMI1 to the promoter of the cardiac-specific α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) gene and suppresses α-MHC expression, which ultimately inhibits cardiac differentiation. Furthermore, Ring1b ubiquitylates PPARα and GATA-6.

Glycosylation-Targeting Aptamer for the Feasible Construction of a Dual Aptamer-Based Plasmonic Immunosandwich Assay in Cancer Diagnostics.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is an important antigen in the tumor microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in promoting extracellular matrix remodeling and tumor cell metastasis. A circulating form of soluble FAP has also been identified in the serum, becoming a biomarker for pan-cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the current peptide substrate-based enzymatic activity detection or antibody-dependent detection methods have been hindered by insufficient selectivity and complex operations, so it is valuable to develop effective nucleic acid aptamers as FAP affinity ligands.

LPA reduces the apoptosis of cryopreserved porcine skin-derived stem cells by inhibiting the regulatory factor TNF-α.

Preserving the viability and functionality of stem cells during cryopreservation is crucial for their successful application in regenerative medicine. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on reducing the apoptosis of cryopreserved porcine skin-derived stem cells (pSDSCs). Our findings revealed that LPA, at a concentration of 5 μM, significantly improved viability and reduced apoptosis in cryopreserved pSDSCs.

Immunomodulatory Effects of Modified Colostrum, Whey, and Their Combination With Other Natural Products: Effects on Natural Killer Cells.

Objectives: Natural killer (NK) cells are important immune system effector cells providing innate defenses against intracellular infections, including viral infections, immune surveillance, and cancer immunoediting. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether modified ultra-filtrated colostrum (UC) and hydrolyzed whey (W) products or their combinations with other natural products with reported immunomodulatory properties will stimulate NK cell cytotoxic activity by activation of granzyme B and IFN-γ production.

Methods: The ability of study products to stimulate the cytotoxic activity of human-purified CD56 NK cells and the production of granzyme B and IFN-γ by activated NK cells was evaluated in the cytotoxic assay.

Multiple instance learning method based on convolutional neural network and self-attention for early cancer detection.

Early cancer detection using T-cell receptor sequencing (TCR-seq) and multiple instances learning methods has shown significant effectiveness. We introduce a multiple instance learning method based on convolutional neural networks and self-attention (MICA). First, MICA preprocesses TCR-seq using word vectors and then extracts features using convolutional neural networks.

Decision Transformer-Based Efficient Data Offloading in LEO-IoT.

Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has witnessed rapid development. However, the scarcity of computing resources on the ground has constrained the application scenarios of IoT. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites have drawn people's attention due to their broader coverage and shorter transmission delay.

ILC2-derived CGRP triggers acute inflammation and nociceptive responses in bacterial cystitis.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide involved in nociceptor neuronal function, plays a critical role in mediating neuroinflammation and pain. In this study, we find that bladder group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) function as primary producers of CGRP in the early phase of bacterial cystitis, contributing to increased inflammation, altered voiding behavior, and heightened pelvic allodynia. Furthermore, we demonstrate that interleukin (IL)-33, a cytokine secreted by urothelial cells, upregulates CGRP production by ILC2s in the bladder during uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infection.

The immunotherapy-based combination associated score as a robust predictor for outcome and response to combination of immunotherapy and VEGF inhibitors in renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Over the past decade, the realm of immunotherapy-based combination therapy has witnessed rapid growth for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), however, success has been constrained thus far. This limitation primarily stems from the absence of biomarkers essential for identifying patients likely to derive benefits from such treatments.

Methods: In this study, the immunotherapy-based combination associated score (IBCS) was established using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) based on the genes identified in the key modules extracted by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) in the IMmotion151 dataset, a randomized, global phase III trial.

LH promotes the proliferation of porcine primordial germ cell-like cells (pPGCLCs) by regulating the ceRNA network related to the TGF-β signaling pathway.

Primordial germ cells (PGCs), as the precursors of gametes found in early embryos, provide a new direction for solving the problem of reproductive disorders. In vitro, conversion of adult stem cells (ASCs) into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) is feasible. The means of increasing PGCLCs number in vitro has been a focus of recent stem cell research.

Angiosome-Guided Perfusion Decellularization of Fasciocutaneous Flaps.

Background:  Tissue engineering based on whole-organ perfusion decellularization has successfully generated small-animal organs, including the heart and limbs. Herein, we aimed to use angiosome-guided perfusion decellularization to develop an acellular fasciocutaneous flap matrix with an intact vascular network.

Methods:  Abdominal flaps of rats were harvested, and the vascular pedicle (iliac artery and vein) was dissected and injected with methylene blue to identify the angiosome region and determine the flap dimension for harvesting.

Parallel convolutional contrastive learning method for enzyme function prediction.

The function labeling of enzymes has a wide range of application value in the medical field, industrial biology and other fields. Scientists define enzyme categories by enzyme commission (EC) numbers. At present, although there are some tools for enzyme function prediction, their effects have not reached the application level.

INT-1B3, an LNP formulated miR-193a-3p mimic, promotes anti-tumor immunity by enhancing T cell mediated immune responses via modulation of the tumor microenvironment and induction of immunogenic cell death.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate expression of multiple genes. MiR-193a-3p functions as a tumor suppressor in many cancer types, but its effect on inducing specific anti-tumor immune responses is unclear. Therefore, we examined the effect of our lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulated, chemically modified, synthetic miR-193a-3p mimic (INT-1B3) on anti-tumor immunity.