Phase II study of oxaliplatin, irinotecan and S-1 therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer: the Korean Cancer Study Group ST14-11.

Background: Doublet chemotherapy of platinum and 5-fluorouracil is a standard first-line treatment for patients with unresectable gastric cancer. Although the addition of taxane or irinotecan to this regimen has yielded promising efficacy, its use has been limited due to severe toxicities. To overcome this limitation, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of the combination of irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and S-1 (OIS) for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.

Multicenter Phase II Study of Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan, and S-1 as First-line Treatment for Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer.

Purpose: Although gemcitabine plus cisplatin has been established as the standard first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC), overall prognosis remains poor. We investigated the efficacy of a novel triplet combination of oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and S-1 (OIS) for advanced BTC.

Materials And Methods: Chemotherapy-naive patientswith histologically documented unresectable or metastatic BTC were eligible for this multicenter, single-arm phase II study.

Simulation of phase separation with temperature-dependent viscosity using lattice Boltzmann method.

This paper presents an exploration of the phase separation behavior and pattern formation in a binary fluid with temperature-dependent viscosity via a coupled lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). By introducing a viscosity-temperature relation into the LBM, the coupling effects of the viscosity-temperature coefficient [Formula: see text] , initial viscosity [Formula: see text] and thermal diffusion coefficient [Formula: see text] , on the phase separation were successfully described. The calculated results indicated that an increase in initial viscosity and viscosity-temperature coefficient, or a decrease in the thermal diffusion coefficient, can lead to the orientation of isotropic growth fronts over a wide range of viscosity.

Chiral expression from molecular to macroscopic level via pH modulation in terbium coordination polymers.

Chiral expression from the molecular to macroscopic level is common in biological systems, but is difficult to realise for coordination polymers (CPs). The assembly of homochiral CPs in both crystalline and helical forms can provide a bridge for understanding the relationship between the molecular and macroscopic scales of chirality. Herein, we report homochiral helices of [Tb(R- or S-pempH)]∙2HO (R - or S -1) (pempH = (1-phenylethylamino)methylphosphonic acid) and their crystalline counterparts (R - or S -3), which are formed at different pH of the reaction mixtures under hydrothermal conditions.

Selective NLRP3 (Pyrin Domain-Containing Protein 3) Inflammasome Inhibitor Reduces Brain Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease without effective treatment. As a key component of the innate immune system, the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, NLRP3 (pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome, when activated after ICH, promotes neuroinflammation and brain edema. MCC950 is a potent, selective, small-molecule NLRP3 inhibitor that blocks NLRP3 activation at nanomolar concentrations.

Understanding desiccation patterns of blood sessile drops.

Desiccation of a blood sessile drop on a glass surface leads to the formation of interesting cracking patterns. These desiccation patterns have been identified to have three characteristic regions, i.e.

Risk factors of carotid plaque and carotid common artery intima-media thickening in a high-stroke-risk population.

Introduction: To analyze the risk factors of carotid plaque (CP) and carotid common artery intima-media thickening (CCAIMT) and the association between the risk factors and CP numbers and the side of the CCAIMT in a high-stroke-risk population.

Methods: Carotid ultrasonography was conducted in 2025 participants with high stroke risk. Participants were divided into different groups according to the results of the ultrasound.

The impact of primary tumor location in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a Korean Cancer Study Group CO12-04 study.

Background/aims: Colorectal cancer is associated with different anatomical, biological, and clinical characteristics. We determined the impact of the primary tumor location in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Methods: Demographic data and clinical information were collected from 1,115 patients from the Republic of Korea, who presented with mCRC between January 2009 and December 2011, using web-based electronic case report forms.

Therapeutic effects of STAT3 inhibition by nifuroxazide on murine acute graft graft-vs.-host disease: Old drug, new use.

Graft‑vs.‑host disease (GvHD) is a major and lethal complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo‑BMT). Although great development has been made, the treatment progress of this disorder is slow.

Distinct Effects of Ca Sparks on Cerebral Artery and Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Tone in Mice and Humans.

The effects of Ca sparks on cerebral artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) tone, as well as the underlying mechanisms, are not clear. In this investigation, we elucidated the underlying mechanisms of the distinct effects of Ca sparks on cerebral artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) tone. In CASMCs, owing to the functional loss of Ca-activated Cl (Clca) channels, Ca sparks activated large-conductance Ca-activated K channels (BKs), resulting in a decreases in tone against a spontaneous depolarization-caused high tone in the resting state.

Phase III Clinical Trial (RERISE study) Results of Efficacy and Safety of Radotinib Compared with Imatinib in Newly Diagnosed Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Radotinib is a second-generation BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved in Korea for chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP) in patients newly diagnosed or with insufficient response to other TKIs. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of radotinib as first-line therapy for CML-CP. This multinational, open-label study assigned patients (1:1:1) to one of two twice-daily radotinib doses, or imatinib daily.

c-Myc promotes tumor proliferation and anti‑apoptosis by repressing p21 in rhabdomyosarcomas.

v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (c-Myc) is an important member protein of the Myc family that is important in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. In the present study, the role of c‑Myc in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) was assessed. Firstly, expression of endogenous c‑Myc and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21) was examined in normal skeletal muscle, RMS specimens and TE671 RMS cells by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.

Vinpocetine Inhibits NF-κB-Dependent Inflammation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Unlabelled: Immunity and inflammation play critical roles in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke. Therefore, immune intervention, as a new therapeutic strategy, is worthy of exploration. Here, we tested the inflammation modulator, vinpocetine, for its effect on the outcomes of stroke.

Hypertonic saline inhibits airway smooth muscle contraction by inhibiting Ca sensitization.

The effects of hypertonic solution on airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We found that hypertonic saline (HS) inhibited acetylcholine (ACh)-induced contraction of ASM from the mouse trachea and human bronchi. In single mouse ASM cells (ASMCs), ACh induced an increase in intracellular Ca that was further enhanced by 5% NaCl, indicating that the HS-induced inhibition of ASM contraction was not mediated by a decrease in cytosolic Ca .

Platinum pyrithione induces apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells resistant to imatinib via DUB inhibition-dependent caspase activation and Bcr-Abl downregulation.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by the chimeric tyrosine kinase Bcr-Abl. T315I Bcr-Abl is the most notorious point mutation to elicit acquired resistance to imatinib (IM), leading to poor prognosis. Therefore, it is urgent to search for additional approaches and targeting strategies to overcome IM resistance.

Prospective Randomized Comparison of Idarubicin and High-Dose Daunorubicin in Induction Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Purpose We compared two induction regimens, idarubicin (12 mg/m/d for 3 days) versus high-dose daunorubicin (90 mg/m/d for 3 days), in young adults with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients and Methods A total of 299 patients (149 randomly assigned to cytarabine plus idarubicin [AI] and 150 assigned to cytarabine plus high-dose daunorubicin [AD]) were analyzed. All patients received cytarabine (200 mg/m/d for 7 days).

[Role of complement regulatory protein CD55 in the liver immune injury of trichloroethylene-sensitized mice].

To explore the expression of CD55 in liver tissue of trichloroethylene-sensitized mice and discuss the role of CD55 in the liver immune injury of trichloroethylene-sensitized mice. 6-8 weeks specific pathogen free female BALB/c were randomly divided into blank control group, solvent control group and TCE treatment group to establish BALB/c mice sensitized model. According to mouse skin sensitization reaction score, TCE treatment mice were divided into sensitized and non-sensitized group at 24 h after the last challenge.

Dynamic effects and adhesion of water droplet impact on hydrophobic surfaces: bouncing or sticking.

This work reported the dynamic effects of water droplet impact on flat, porous and pincushion structure films of star shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) fluorinated acrylates, POSS-poly(trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (POSS-(PTFEMA)) and POSS-(poly(trifluoroethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate)) (POSS-(PTFEMA-b-PMMA)), using the breath figure method. The porous and pincushion structure films with different surface chemical compositions were obtained by controlling the copolymer structure and temperature and by stripping of the surface. The water contact angles on the different films were measured, and the water droplets on the pincushion structure films when reversed at 45°, 90°, 135° and 180° were also studied.

ThDof1.4 and ThZFP1 constitute a transcriptional regulatory cascade involved in salt or osmotic stress in Tamarix hispida.

Identification of the upstream regulators of a gene is important to characterize the transcriptional pathway and the function of the gene. Previously, we found that a zinc finger protein (ThZFP1) is involved in abiotic stress tolerance of Tamarix hispida. In the present study, we further investigated the transcriptional pathway of ThZFP1.

[The effect of complement C3a receptor antagonist in the kidney immune injury in trichloroethylene-sensitized mice].

To explore the effect of complement C3 a-C3a receptor in the kidney immune inju-ry in trichloroethylene-sensitized mice by using C3a receptor specific antagonist C3aRA and discuss the patho-genesis of kidney injury in occupational dermatitis medicamentosa-like of trichloroethylene (ODMLT) . 42 female 6~8 weeks old BALB/c mice of specific pathogen free were randomly divided into blank control group (5) , solvent control group (5) , TCE treatment group (16) and TCE+C3aRA treatment group (16) . The TCE treat-ment group and TCE+C3aRA treatment group were further divided into the sensitized group and the non-sensi-tized group according to the skin sensitization test score.

Acoustic levitation of liquid drops: Dynamics, manipulation and phase transitions.

The technique of acoustic levitation normally produces a standing wave and the potential well of the sound field can be used to trap small objects. Since no solid surface is involved it has been widely applied for the study of fluid physics, nucleation, bio/chemical processes, and various forms of soft matter. In this article, we survey the works on drop dynamics in acoustic levitation, focus on how the dynamic behavior is related to the rheological properties and discuss the possibility to develop a novel rheometer based on this technique.

Liquid Marble Coalescence and Triggered Microreaction Driven by Acoustic Levitation.

Liquid marbles show promising potential for application in the microreactor field. Control of the coalescence between two or among multiple liquid marbles is critical; however, the successful merging of two isolated marbles is difficult because of their mechanically robust particle shells. In this work, the coalescence of multiple liquid marbles was achieved via acoustic levitation.

Evaluating the levels of CSF and serum factors in ALS.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify CSF and serum factors as biomarkers that may aid in distinguishing ALS patients from control subjects and predicting ALS progression as well as prognosis.

Methods: Serum and CSF samples from 105 patients with ALS and 56 control subjects were analyzed for 13 factors using ELISA. The revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-r) was used to evaluate the overall functional status of ALS patients, and we also followed up with ALS patients either by phone or with clinic visits for five years after enrollment in this study.

Efficacy and Safety of FOLFIRI Regimen in Elderly Versus Nonelderly Patients with Metastatic Colorectal or Gastric Cancer.

Background: Irinotecan-based chemotherapy is a standard backbone of therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) or gastric cancer (GC). However, there is still a paucity of information concerning the efficacy and safety of irinotecan-based regimens in elderly patients.

Patients And Methods: Using the patient cohort ( = 1,545) from the genotype study, we compared the efficacy and safety between elderly and nonelderly patients with metastatic CRC ( = 934) or GC ( = 611) who received first- or second-line FOLFIRI (irinotecan, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil) chemotherapy.