Acute kidney injury developed in the intensive care unit: a population-based prospective cohort study in the Brazilian Amazon.

The Brazilian Amazon is a vast area with limited health care resources. To assess the epidemiology of critically ill acute kidney injury (AKI) patients in this area, a prospective cohort study of 1029 adult patients of the three intensive care units (ICUs) of Rio Branco city, the capital of Acre state, were evaluated from February 2014 to February 2016. The incidence of AKI was 53.

Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in the clinical emergency: A prospective cohort study at a high-complexity public university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.

Introduction: Southern Hemisphere countries have been underrepresented in epidemiological studies on acute kidney injury (AKI). The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI in adult hospitalized patients from the emergency department of a public high-complexity teaching hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods: Observational and prospective study.

Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimation Using β-Microglobulin and β-Trace Protein in Adults With Solid Tumors: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Rationale & Objective: β-Microglobulin (B2M) and β-trace protein (BTP) are novel endogenous filtration markers that may improve the accuracy of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) beyond creatinine and cystatin C (eGFR), but they have not been assessed in patients with cancer.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting & Participants: Prospective cohort of 1,200 patients with active solid tumors recruited between April 2015 and September 2017.

Critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury treated with kidney replacement therapy: Comparison between the first and second pandemic waves in São Paulo, Brazil.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the characteristics and outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) who were treated with kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in the first and second waves of the pandemic in the megalopolis of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 10 intensive care units (ICUs). Patients aged ≥18 years, and treated with KRT due to COVID-19-associated AKI were included.

[Factors associated with undiagnosed hypertension among elderly adults in Brazil - ELSI-Brazil].

This article aims to identify factors associated with undiagnosed systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) among elderly adults in Brazil. A total of 5,416 hypertensive participants in the Longitudinal Study of the Health of Elderly Brazilians (ELSI-BRAZIL) were evaluated. Undiagnosed SAH was identified by mean blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mmHg without previous SAH diagnosis.

A prospective cross-sectional study estimated glomerular filtration rate from creatinine and cystatin C in adults with solid tumors.

Current guidelines recommend estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using creatinine (eGFRcr) with the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation as the first test for GFR evaluation, but the Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equation is still commonly used in oncology practice and clinical trials despite increasing evidence of its inaccuracy compared to measured GFR (mGFR). Guidelines recommend eGFR using cystatin C (eGFRcys) or both markers (eGFRcr-cys) as a confirmatory test, but neither was carefully evaluated in cancer patients. Therefore, we compared performance of the CKD-EPI equations and others to the CG equation in adults with a variety of solid tumors.

COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury patients treated with renal replacement therapy in the intensive care unit: A multicenter study in São Paulo, Brazil.

Introduction: Multicenter studies involving patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with the disease caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19) and treated with renal replacement therapy (RRT) in developing countries are scarce. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the demographic profile, clinical picture, risk factors for mortality, and outcomes of critically ill patients with AKI requiring dialysis (AKI-RRT) and with COVID-19 in the megalopolis of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective, observational study was conducted in the intensive care units of 13 public and private hospitals in the metropolitan region of the municipality of São Paulo.

Positive fluid balance as an early biomarker for acute kidney injury: a prospective study in critically ill adult patients.

Objectives: Positive fluid balance is frequent in critically ill patients and has been considered a potential biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aimed to evaluate positive fluid balance as a biomarker for the early detection of AKI in critically ill patients.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study.

AIDS in men in the city of São Paulo, 1980-2012: spatial and space-time analysis.

Objectives: To identify spatial and space-time clusters with high incidence rates of AIDS in men living in the city of São Paulo since the first case of the disease in 1980.

Methods: HIV/AIDS notifications were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (57,440 men) between January 1980 and June 2012. The cases were geocoded by residence address; then analyses of purely spatial, space-time and spatial variation in temporal trends were performed for three sets of data: total cases of AIDS in men aged 13 years or older, men aged 50 years or older, and deaths from AIDS.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of acute kidney injury in the intensive care units of developed and developing countries.

Objectives: Although the majority of the global population lives in developing countries, most of the epidemiological data related to intensive care unit (ICU) acute kidney injury (AKI) comes from developed countries. This systematic review aims to ascertain the methodology of studies on ICU AKI patients in developing and developed countries, to determine whether epidemiological comparisons between these two settings are possible, and to present a summary estimate of AKI incidence.

Methods: A systematic review of published studies reporting AKI in intensive care units (2005-2015) identified in PubMed, LILACS, and IBECs databases was conducted.

Prevalence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension Diagnosed, Undiagnosed, and Uncontrolled in Elderly Population: SABE Study.

Systemic arterial hypertension is the most prevalent chronic noncommunicable disease among older people. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly and to analyze factors associated with diagnosed, undiagnosed, and uncontrolled hypertension. This is a cross-sectional study of data from the SABE study-Health, Well-Being, and Aging Survey-a multiple-cohort study, obtained in 2010, composed of a probabilistic sample representative of the population of the São Paulo city aged ≥60 years.

Nutrition status of elderly smokers and former smokers of São Paulo City, Brazil.

Objectives: The concomitance of smoking and poor dietary habits represents a worsened prognosis of health and quality of life for elderly. The aim of this study was to characterize the nutritional status of elderly who were smokers and former smokers and residents of São Paulo city.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010 with a representative sample of 1,345 individuals aged 60 years and over, who were part of the elderly cohort monitored at the SABE Study.

High intensity resistance training causes muscle damage and increases biomarkers of acute kidney injury in healthy individuals.

Purpose: High-intensity interval resistance training (HIIRT) is an increasingly popular exercise program that provides positive results with short sessions. This study aimed to evaluate whether an HIIRT session causes muscle and kidney damage.

Methods: Fifty-eight healthy volunteers (median age 24 years, 50% women) participated in this study and performed a HIIRT session.

Burnt sugarcane harvesting work: effects on pulmonary and systemic inflammatory markers.

To evaluate the effects of burnt sugarcane harvesting on the plasmatic and urinary concentrations of the club cell secretory protein (CC16) and inflammatory systemic biomarkers in a group of sugarcane cutters. Seventy-eight sugar cane workers were evaluated. The plasmatic and urinary concentrations of CC16, a pulmonary damage marker and inflammatory systemic biomarkers were collected at three time points: before, three months after and six months after the onset of the burnt sugarcane harvesting period.

Sugarcane cutting work, risks, and health effects: a literature review.

Objective: Describe the main work risks for sugarcane cutters and their effects on workers' health.

Methods: Critical review of articles, with bibliographic research carried out in the PubMed, SciELO Medline, and Lilacs databases. The following keywords were used: sugarcane workers, sugarcane cutters, sugarcane harvesting, cortadores de cana-de-açú car , and colheita de cana -de-açúcar .

Severe influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in pregnant women and neonatal outcomes, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2009.

To investigate the factors associated with death and describe the gestational outcomes in pregnant women with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, we conducted a case-control study (deaths and recovered) in hospitalized pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) in the state of São Paulo from June 9 to December 1, 2009. All cases were evaluated, and four controls that were matched by the epidemiological week of hospitalization of the case were randomly selected for each case. Cases and controls were selected from the National Disease Notification System-SINAN Influenza-web.

Aging and decreased glomerular filtration rate: An elderly population-based study.

Background: Although a reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in old people has been attributed to physiologic aging, it may be associated with kidney disease or superimposed comorbidities. This study aims to assess the prevalence of decreased GFR in a geriatric population in a developing country and its prevalence in the absence of simultaneous diseases.

Study Design And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of data from the Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento cohort study (SABE study[Health, Well-Being and Aging]), a multiple cohorts study.

An approach to using heart rate monitoring to estimate the ventilation and load of air pollution exposure.

Background: The effects of air pollution on health are associated with the amount of pollutants inhaled which depends on the environmental concentration and the inhaled air volume. It has not been clear whether statistical models of the relationship between heart rate and ventilation obtained using laboratory cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) can be applied to an external group to estimate ventilation.

Objectives: To develop and evaluate a model to estimate respiratory ventilation based on heart rate for inhaled load of pollutant assessment in field studies.

Risk factors for death from Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, State of São Paulo, Brazil, 2009.

This case-control study aimed to assess the risk factors for death from influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in patients with laboratory confirmation, who had severe acute respiratory illness-SARI and were hospitalized between June 28th and August 29th 2009, in the metropolitan regions of São Paulo and Campinas, Brazil. Medical charts of all the 193 patients who died (cases) and the 386 randomly selected patients who recovered (controls) were investigated in 177 hospitals. Household interviews were conducted with those who had survived and the closest relative of those who had died.

Trends in tobacco consumption in three different birth cohorts of elderly of São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: The effects of birth cohorts reflect the historical differences in physical and social environments. The objectives of the present study were to describe the tobacco consumption and to evaluate the behavioral trends with respect to smoking in three different birth cohorts of a population-based sample of elderly individuals.

Methods: A series of three cross-sectional studies conducted with elderly individuals of 60-64 years of age interviewed in 2000 (birth cohort 1936-1940; n=427), 2006 (birth cohort 1942-1946; n=298) and 2011 (birth cohort 1947-1951; n=355) in a population-based sample from the city of São Paulo, Brazil.

Water balance, acute kidney injury and mortality of intensive care unit patients.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) has a high hospital incidence and is associated to significant morbidity and mortality. Sepsis, major surgery and low cardiac output are the main cause of AKI worldwide. In the majority of these situations, volume expansion is part of both prevention and therapeutic management, restoring peripheral perfusion and attenuating drug nephrotoxicity.

Burnt sugarcane harvesting is associated with acute renal dysfunction.

Sugarcane harvesting has been associated with an epidemic of chronic kidney disease in Central America mainly affecting previously healthy young workers. Repeated episodes of acute kidney dysfunction are hypothesized to be one of the possible mechanisms for this phenomenon. Therefore, this exploratory study aimed to assess the acute effects of burnt sugarcane harvesting on renal function among 28 healthy non-African Brazilian workers.

pH in exhaled breath condensate and nasal lavage as a biomarker of air pollution-related inflammation in street traffic-controllers and office-workers.

Objective: To utilize low-cost and simple methods to assess airway and lung inflammation biomarkers related to air pollution.

Methods: A total of 87 male, non-smoking, healthy subjects working as street traffic-controllers or office-workers were examined to determine carbon monoxide in exhaled breath and to measure the pH in nasal lavage fluid and exhaled breath condensate. Air pollution exposure was measured by particulate matter concentration, and data were obtained from fixed monitoring stations (8-h work intervals per day, during the 5 consecutive days prior to the study).

Alcohol use among older adults: SABE cohort study, São Paulo, Brazil.

In recent years, Brazil has demonstrated a new demographic pattern characterized by a reduction in both birth and mortality rates and a significant increase in the number of older adults. The purpose of the present study was to describe the frequency of alcohol intake in a representative sample community of older adults in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, followed over a six-year period. A prospective Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento (SABE [Health, Wellbeing and Aging]) cohort study conducted in 2000 and 2006 in City of São Paulo, Brazil.