Increased Lateral Tibial Plateau Slope Predisposes Male College Football Players to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.

Background: There are conflicting reports regarding the role of osseous morphologic characteristics such as an increased tibial slope as associated with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Few studies have analyzed the role of a combination of osseous morphologic characteristics in matched case control studies. The aim of this study was to determine if there is an association between osseous morphologic characteristics and ACL injury in male college American-football players.

The Effect of the Epitendinous Suture on Gliding in a Cadaveric Model of Zone II Flexor Tendon Repair.

Purpose: We hypothesized that increasing core sutures (4-6) may be preferable in terms of gliding coefficient (GC) measurements when compared with adding an epitendinous suture to zone II flexor tendon repairs. We hypothesized that the inclusion of epitendinous suture in 2 standard repairs would contribute negatively to the GC of the repaired tendon.

Methods: Nineteen fresh-frozen cadaveric fingers were used for testing.

Flexor digitorum superficialis repair outside the A2 pulley after zone II laceration: gliding and bowstringing.

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in maximum flexion angle, gliding coefficient, and bowstringing after a combined repair of both flexor tendons with the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) rerouted outside the A2 pulley in cadaveric hands.

Methods: We performed 4 different repairs on cadaveric hands, with each repair tested on 9 unique digits. In total, 12 cadaveric hands and 36 digits were used.

The Effect of Pulley Reconstruction on Maximum Flexion, Bowstringing, and Gliding Coefficient in the Setting of Zone II Repair of FDS and FDP: a Cadaveric Investigation.

Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of A2 pulley reconstruction on gliding coefficient (GC), bowstringing, and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint maximum flexion angle after zone II repair of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) lacerations.

Methods: Fresh frozen cadaver forearms were mounted, and the wrist and MCP joints fixed. FDS and FDP tendons were dissected free, and sequential loads were applied while digital images were captured.

Addition of a suture anchor for coracoclavicular fixation to a superior locking plate improves stability of type IIB distal clavicle fractures.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of coracoclavicular (CC) fixation on biomechanical stability in type IIB distal clavicle fractures fixed with plate and screws.

Methods: Twelve fresh-frozen matched cadaveric specimens were used to create type IIB distal clavicle fractures. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans ensured similar bone quality.

Relevant anatomic landmarks and measurements for biceps tenodesis.

Background: Biceps tenodesis around the pectoralis major insertion may alter resting tension on the biceps, leading to unfavorable clinical outcomes.

Hypothesis: The anatomic relationship between the musculotendinous junction (MTJ) of the biceps and the pectoralis major tendon will provide guidelines for anatomic location to perform biceps tenodesis with the goal of re-establishing biceps tension.

Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study.

Murine model of oligotrophic tibial nonunion.

Objectives: This study aimed to use modified distraction osteogenesis techniques to develop a reliable mouse fracture nonunion model with an oligotrophic phenotype.

Methods: Twenty-six 10- to 14-week-old C57BL/6 male mice underwent a proximal diaphyseal tibial osteotomy with a 2-mm bone resection. An external fixation device was applied to the tibia using cerclage wires.

Individual finger sensibility in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Purpose: Sensibility testing plays a role in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). No single physical examination test has proven to be of critical value in the diagnosis, especially when compared with electrodiagnostic testing (EDX). The purpose of this study was to define which digits are most affected by CTS, both subjectively and with objective sensibility testing.

Enduring representational plasticity after somatosensory stimulation.

Somatosensory stimulation (SS), leading to increases in motor cortical excitability, influences motor performance in patients with brain lesions like stroke. The mechanisms by which SS modulates motor function are incompletely understood. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI, blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD), and perfusion imagings simultaneously acquired in a 3 T magnet) to assess the effects of SS on thumb-movement-related activation in three regions of interest (ROI) in the motor network: primary motor cortex (M1), primary somatosensory cortex (S1), and dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) in healthy volunteers.

Age-dependent changes in the ability to encode a novel elementary motor memory.

In healthy individuals, motor training elicits cortical plasticity that encodes the kinematic details of the practiced movements and is thought to underlie recovery of function after stroke. The influence of age on this form of plasticity is incompletely understood. We studied 55 healthy subjects and identified a substantial decrease in training-dependent plasticity as a function of age in the absence of differences in training kinematics.