Activation and Inhibition of The Wnt3A Signaling Pathway in Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryonic Stem Cells: Effects of WNT3A, Bio and Dkk1.

Background: This research studies the effects of activation and inhibition of Wnt3A signaling pathway in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryonic stem (ES) cell-like cells.

Materials And Methods: To carry on this experimental study, the effects of activation and inhibition of Wnt3A signaling in buffalo ES cell-like cells were examined using Bio (0.5 mM) combined with WNT3A (200 ng/ml), as an activator, and Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1, 250 ng/ml), as an inhibitor, of the pathway.

Effectiveness of cold therapy in reducing pain, trismus, and oedema after impacted mandibular third molar surgery: a randomized, self-controlled, observer-blind, split-mouth clinical trial.

Cold therapy is a conventional and widely used modality for reducing pain, trismus, and oedema after dentoalveolar surgeries. However, information reported in the literature on its effectiveness is insufficient and controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of local cold application in reducing pain, trismus, and swelling after impacted mandibular third molar surgery.

Development of bioactive fish gelatin/chitosan nanoparticles composite films with antimicrobial properties.

The objective of this work was to develop active bio-based nanocomposite films from fish gelatin (FG) and chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) incorporated with Origanum vulgare L. essential oil (OEO). CSNPs were obtained by ionic gelation of chitosan with sodium tripolyphosphate, which presented a spherical morphology with size range of 40-80nm.

Perioperative discontinuation of intravenous bisphosphonate therapy reduces the incidence and severity of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A randomized, controlled, prospective experimental study in rats.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of intravenous bisphosphonate discontinuation on incidence and severity of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ).

Material And Methods: Seventy rats were randomly divided into 7 groups. In control and S0 groups, weekly injection of saline and 0.

Optimization of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryonic Stem Cell Culture System.

Objective: In order to retain an undifferentiated pluripotent state, embryonic stem (ES) cells have to be cultured on feeder cell layers. However, use of feeder layers limits stem cell research, since experimental data may result from a combined ES cell and feeder cell response to various stimuli.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, a buffalo ES cell line was established from in vitro derived blastocysts and characterized by the Alkaline phosphatase (AP) and immunoflourescence staining of various pluripotency markers.

Development, Characterization, and Pluripotency Analysis of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Derived from In Vitro-Fertilized, Hand-Guided Cloned, and Parthenogenetic Embryos.

We present the derivation, characterization, and pluripotency analysis of three buffalo embryonic stem cell (buESC) lines, from in vitro-fertilized, somatic cell nuclear-transferred, and parthenogenetic blastocysts. These cell lines were developed for later differentiation into germ lineage cells and elucidation of the signaling pathways involved. The cell lines were established from inner cell masses (ICMs) that were isolated manually from the in vitro-produced blastocysts.

Rationalization of specific structure formation in electrospinning process: Study on nano-fibrous PCL- and PLGA-based scaffolds.

Formation of specific structures on poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) and poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) based electrospun mats is rationalized and the effect of interactive parameters; high voltage and flow rate on unique surface topography is evaluated. By increasing the collecting time in electrospinning process and enhancing fiber to fiber repulsion, surface characteristics of mats changes from nano- to micro-topography. In this study surface topography of the fabricated mats based on PCL and PLGA were assessed using AFM and SEM techniques to display the distinct phenomenon occurs on collected random fibers.

Mandibular metastasis in a patient with undiscovered synchronous thyroid and prostate cancer: A diagnostic dilemma.

Background: Mandibular metastasis as the first manifestation of undiscovered synchronous double primary cancers is extremely rare, so, it is presented in the current study.

Case History: This study reports a 73-year-old man, complaining of a painful mass in the mandible. After history taking, physical examination and panoramic radiographic evaluation; an incisional biopsy was performed intraorally.

Nanotopographical control of human embryonic stem cell differentiation into definitive endoderm.

Derivation of definitive endoderm (DE) from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can address the needs of regenerative medicine for endoderm-derived organs such as the pancreas and liver. Fibrous substrates which topographically recapitulate native extracellular matrix have been known to promote the stem cell differentiation. However, the optimal fiber diameter remains to be determined for the desired differentiation.

Movement disorders and psychiatry: Five new things.

In this article we report recent interesting diagnostic and therapeutic advances in a diverse range of movement disorders with associated psychiatric comorbidity. Areas discussed include social cognition in Huntington disease, neuroimaging of functional movement disorders, treatment of psychosis in Parkinson disease, new advances in autoimmune disease, and management of Tourette syndrome.

Single stream inertial focusing in a straight microchannel.

In the past two decades, microfluidics has become of great value in precisely aligning cells or microparticles within fluids. Microfluidic techniques use either external forces or sheath flow to focus particulate samples, and face the challenges of complex instrumentation design and limited throughput. The burgeoning field of inertial microfluidics brings single-position focusing functionality at throughput orders of magnitude higher than previously available.

Comparative Expression Analysis of Gametogenesis-Associated Genes in Foetal and Adult Bubaline (Bubalus bubalis) Ovaries and Testes.

This study was conducted to identify and analyse the expression of gametogenesis-associated genes and proteins in foetal and adult buffalo gonads of both the sexes. Relative quantification of the genes was determined by qPCR and Western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was also performed for various gametogenesis-associated proteins in foetal and adult gonads of both the sexes.

Luteal activity of Abadeh ecotype does in summer and winter and the effect of kisspeptin-10 on luteinizing hormone secretion in the anestrus does.

The aims of the present study were to evaluate luteal activity in Abadeh ecotype goat during summer and winter and also the effect of a single dose kisspeptin-10 injection on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in female anestrous goats. In the first study, progesterone (P4) concentration in 10 goats in summer (n = 6) and winter (n = 4) were measured every other day. Moreover, in summer group, a male teaser goat was left in the herd on days of sampling for one hour.

Gelatin-GAG electrospun nanofibrous scaffold for skin tissue engineering: fabrication and modeling of process parameters.

Electrospinning is a very useful technique for producing polymeric nanofibers by applying electrostatic forces. In this study, fabrication of novel gelatin/GAG nanofibrous mats and also the optimization of electrospinning process using response surface methodology were reported. At optimization section, gelatin/GAG blend ratio, applied voltage and feeding rate, their individual and interaction effects on the mean fiber diameter (MFD) and standard deviation of fiber diameter (SDF) were investigated.

Evaluation of third molar development and its relation to chronological age: a panoramic radiographic study.

Introduction: Third molar development, in comparison to other teeth in the dentition, has the greatest variation in morphology, anatomical position, and time of development and eruption, and its reliability for chronological age estimation is controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate third molar development and its relation to chronological age using panoramic radiography.

Material And Methods: A total of 2536 digital panoramic radiographs of individuals aged between 5 and 26 years were selected.

Hypothalamic Expression of Melanocortin-4 Receptor and Agouti-related Peptide mRNAs During the Estrous Cycle of Rats.

Melanocortin- 4 receptor (MC4R) and agouti- related peptide (AgRP) are involved in energy homeostasis in rats. According to MC4R and AgRP effects on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, they may influence the estrous cycle of rats. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of MC4R and AgRP mRNAs at different stages of estrous cycle in the rat's hypothalamus.

Clinical relevance of serum antibodies to extracellular N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor epitopes.

Objective: There are now a large number of requests for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoantibody (NMDAR-Ab) tests, and it is important to assess the clinical relevance of all results, particularly when they are reported as 'Low Positive'.

Methods: The clinical data of 56 patients found Positive or Low Positive by the Oxford live cell-based assay were reviewed. An autoimmune basis for the condition was assigned as 'Definite', 'Possible' or 'Unlikely'.

Identification of learning and memory genes in canine; promoter investigation and determining the selective pressure.

One of the important behaviors of dogs is trainability which is affected by learning and memory genes. These kinds of the genes have not yet been identified in dogs. In the current research, these genes were found in animal models by mining the biological data and scientific literatures.

Recent advances in the neuroimmunology of cell-surface CNS autoantibody syndromes, Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury and schizophrenia.

In this update, we review recent advances in antibody-associated disorders of the central nervous system, and the immune mechanisms which may contribute to Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury and schizophrenia. The field of neuroimmunology is rapidly developing and has concerned itself with an expanding portfolio of diseases. The core neuroimmunological diseases remain, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, primary inflammatory and antibody-associated disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system (including Myasthenia Gravis and other disorders of neuromuscular junction and muscle, paraneoplastic syndromes, paraproteinaemic neuropathies), and the neurological involvement seen in systemic inflammatory diseases including lupus, sarcoidosis and vasculitis.

Comparing supportive properties of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), PLGA/collagen and human amniotic membrane for human urothelial and smooth muscle cells engineering.

Purpose: To compare human urothelial and smooth muscle cells attachment and proliferation using three different matrices; poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), PLGA/collagen and human amniotic membrane (hAM).

Materials And Methods: Human urothelial and smooth muscle cells were cultured and examined for expression of urothelium (pancytokeratin and uroplakin III) and smooth muscle cells [desmin and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)] markers. Cells were cultured on three scaffolds; PLGA, PLGA/collagen and hAM.

Investigation on artificial blood or substitute blood replace the natural blood.

Blood is a liquid tissue in which dissolved with abundant chemical factors and millions of different cells The reduction of unwanted side effects, especially diseases that emerge through blood such as HIV and hepatitis, has a significant role for modern medicine of transfusion and transplantation. The issues and costs of human blood collection and storage, direct this procedure towards the use of alternatives blood. Two important research fields of this area were oxygen carriers based on hemoglobin and perfluoro chemicals.

Nine centuries waiting: The experiences of Iranians surrogacy commissioning mothers.

Background: There are a few studies about commissioning mothers' understanding from the surrogacy during 9 months of waiting for delivery in Iran and other countries. This study was conducted with an aim to explore and explain the nature of concerns (experiences) of commissioning mothers.

Materials And Methods: A qualitative design with a conventional content analysis approach was used to gather and analyze the experiences of commissioning mothers.