Mpox-Induced Metabolic Alterations.

The resurgence of mpox as a global health threat highlights the need to understand its interaction with host cell metabolism. Unlike other well-studied viruses, research on mpox is limited, particularly regarding its impact on cellular processes. In this article, we explore how mpox might manipulate metabolic pathways-such as glycolysis, lipid synthesis and mitochondrial dynamics-to enhance its replication and evade immune responses.

Neurophysiological Insights into the Pathophysiology of Stiff-Person Spectrum Disorders.

Background: Stiff Person Spectrum Disorders (SPSD) are classically defined by the presence of muscle stiffness, spasms and hyperactivity of the central nervous system. There is a notable correlation between neurophysiological features and the clinical hallmark of SPSD, which has greatly encouraged the use of these techniques for diagnostic purposes. Besides, electrophysiological techniques allow for a functional evaluation of the 'hyperactivity of the CNS', thus offering the opportunity to clarify the mechanisms underlying this disorder.

Inflammation in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Transient Focal Neurological Episodes.

Transient focal neurological episodes (TFNE), often associated with convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH), are common in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), but their pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. In six patients with unremitting TFNE, using high-resolution post-contrast magnetic resonance imaging and vessel wall imaging (VWI), we found various combinations of transient leptomeningeal, parenchymal and vessel wall enhancement; in 5 of 6 the enhancement included regions corresponding anatomically to symptoms. Three patients had resolution of TFNE and enhancement (2 with corticosteroid treatment, 1 without).

The effect of online training based on stroke educational program on patient's quality of life and caregiver's care burden: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Stroke is considered one of the leading causes of both mortality and morbidity on a global scale. The significant impact on the health and quality of life of stroke survivors and their caregivers is well-acknowledged due to the stressful consequences of dependency and the need for home care. This study aims to examine the impact of online training utilizing a stroke educational program on the patient's quality of life and their caregivers' care burden.

Effect of Balangu seed mucilage/gelatin coating containing dill essential oil and ZnO nanoparticles on sweet cherry quality during cold storage.

The current research focused on examining the effect of a coating made from Balangu seed mucilage (TSM-BM) and gelatin (Ge), with varying concentrations of dill essential oil (DEO) (0 %, 1 %, and 2 %) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-np) (0 % and 0.5 %), on the quality characteristics of cherries stored at 4 °C over intervals of 0, 4, 7, 11, 18, and 25 days. The study noted that the application of this coating, particularly when combined with DEO and ZnO-np, significantly reduced the rate of changes in several parameters, including weight loss, firmness, titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, total anthocyanin content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity (p˂0.

Sulcal Hyperintensity as an Early Imaging Finding in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation.

Background And Objectives: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) is a subtype of CAA with distinct clinical and radiologic features. Existing diagnostic criteria require the presence of characteristic asymmetrical white matter hyperintensity (WMH), together with classical hemorrhagic neuroimaging markers of CAA. There are limited data for other diagnostic neuroimaging markers of CAA-ri.

Eco-friendly nanocomposite biofilm based on sage seed gum/gelatin/TiO: Fabrication and characterization.

In the current study, the sage seed gum/gelatin-TiO (SG/Ge-TiO) nanocomposite films were prepared. Their physical, mechanical, chemical, barrier, surface, structural, and microbial characteristics are determined as a function of different ratios of sage seed gum (SG) to gelatin (1 to 2, 2 to 1 and 1 to 1) and different concentrations of TiO nanoparticles (0, 2, 4 % based on biopolymer (w/v)). The results indicated increases in the tensile strength, elongation at break, thickness, brightness (L*), whiteness index (WI), and contact angle, as gelatin content and concentration of TiO nanoparticles increase.

Dengue fever: a decade of burden in Iran.

Since the first reported traveler case of Dengue in Tehran in 2008, the virus has gradually spread across Iran, driven by factors including international travel, climate change, and Aedes mosquito vectors. The disease has manifested in various forms, ranging from mild fever to severe dengue, with notable cases identified in Sistan and Baluchistan Province. Despite the increasing prevalence, Iran faces significant challenges in surveillance, diagnosis, and vector control.

A computer vision system and machine learning algorithms for prediction of physicochemical changes and classification of coated sweet cherry.

The current research utilized visual characteristics obtained from RGB images and qualitative characteristics to investigate changes in surface defects, predict physical and chemical characteristics, and classify sweet cherries during storage. It was achieved with the help of ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) models. The ANN used in this study was a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) with SigmoidAxon and TanhAxon threshold functions, trained with the Momentum training function.

Encephalitis lethargica: clinical features and aetiology.

Encephalitis lethargica, an epidemic neurological illness, typically involved a severe sleep disorder and progressive parkinsonism. A century later, our understanding relies on seminal descriptions, more recent historical research and the study of small numbers of possible sporadic cases. Theories around infection, environmental toxins, catatonia and autoimmune encephalitis have been proposed.

Circadian regulation of dengue virus transmission and replication: insights into vector activity and viral dynamics.

Dengue fever, caused by dengue virus, poses a significant global health challenge, particularly in tropical regions where serves as the primary vector. The circadian clock governs key behavioral and physiological processes, including activity patterns, feeding behaviors, and susceptibility to dengue virus infection. This article explores the influence of circadian rhythms on the mosquito's ability to transmit dengue virus, emphasizing how the circadian regulation of gene expression, immune responses, and lipid metabolism in the mosquito vector creates temporal windows that affect viral replication efficiency.

The effect of language learning engagement on L2 motivation over Instagram.

This study investigated the relationship between English language learners` Instagram engagement and second language (L2) motivation. It also aimed to determine engagement types (behavioral, cognitive, and affective engagement) as predictors of L2 motivation. Through stratified sampling, we recruited 102 Iranian users engaged in learning English via the Instagram platform as an informal learning context.

Utilising accessible and reproducible neurological assessments in clinical studies: Insights from use of the Neurological Impairment Scale in the multi-centre COVID-CNS study.

Reproducible and standardised neurological assessment scales are important in quantifying research outcomes. These scales are often performed by non-neurologists and/or non-clinicians and must be robust, quantifiable, reproducible and comparable to a neurologist's assessment. COVID-CNS is a multi-centre study which utilised the Neurological Impairment Scale (NIS) as a core assessment tool in studying neurological outcomes following COVID-19 infection.

Innate Immune Response to Monkeypox Virus Infection: Mechanisms and Immune Escape.

Background: The reemergence of monkeypox virus (Mpox, formerly monkeypox) in 2022 in non-endemic countries has raised significant concerns for global health due to its high transmissibility and mortality rate. A major challenge in combating Mpox is its ability to evade the host's innate immune system, the first line of defense against viral infections.

Summary: Mpox encodes various proteins that interfere with key antiviral pathways and mechanisms, such as the nuclear factor kappa B signaling, cytokine production, complement and inflammasome activation, and chemokine binding.

The Role of Probiotics in Skin Care: Advances, Challenges, and Future Needs.

The skin, being the largest organ in the human body, plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the body against invasive pathogens. Therefore, it is essential to reinforce and protect this vital organ. Current research supports the impact of probiotics on skin health and their ability to alleviate various skin disorders.

Effect of implementing of the IDEAL discharge model on satisfaction of patient referred to trauma emergency department.

Background: Patient education at the time of discharge is one of the most important challenges in the emergency department. This study aimed to evaluate the Effect of implementing the IDEAL, or integrated discharge model, on the satisfaction of patients referred to the trauma emergency department.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on the patients referred to the trauma emergency department of Imam Hossein Hospital in Tehran.

The Effect of Guided Imagery and Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Sedation in Patients Undergoing Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation.

Mental imagery and relaxation are noninvasive methods and can easily be used by the patient. Accordingly, this study aimed to detect the effect of guided mental imagery (GI) and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on sedation in patients undergoing noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV). This clinical trial study was carried out in the Shahid Modarres Hospital in 2022 and encompassed 80 patients with COVID-19 undergoing NIV, who were assigned to two intervention and control groups.

Prevalence of needle-stick injury in Iranian nurses: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of needle-stick injury among Iranian nurses.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of needle-stick injury among Iranian nurses. A comprehensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Scientific Information Database, and MagIran was performed, yielding 29 observational articles comprising 8842 nurses.