Engineering Crystallinity Gradients for Tailored CaO Nanostructures: Enabling Alkalinity-Reinforced Anticancer Activity with Minimized Ca/HO Production.

CaO nanoparticles (CNPs) can produce toxic Ca and HO under acidic pH, which accounts for their intrinsic anticancer activity but at the same time raises safety concerns upon systemic exposure. Simultaneously realizing minimized Ca/HO production and enhanced anticancer activity poses a dilemma. Herein, we introduce a "crystallinity gradient-based selective etching" (CGSE) strategy, which is realized by creating a crystallinity gradient in a CNP formed by self-assembled nanocrystals.

A Sub-6 nm MnFeO-dichloroacetic acid nanocomposite modulates tumor metabolism and catabolism for reversing tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and boosting immunotherapy.

Adenosine and lactate accumulated in tumor microenvironment are two major causes of immunosuppression, their concurrent downregulation holds promise in effective cancer immunotherapy, but remains challenging. Here, a sub-6 nm MnFeO conjugated with dichloroacetic acid (DCA) nanoparticle is developed to modulate tumor glucose metabolism and ATP catabolism for reversing the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. The ultrasmall MnFeO-DCA nanoparticle can efficiently enter mitochondria and supply oxygen, improving the bioactivity of DCA to regulate glucose metabolism and reduce lactate production ca.

Immune-regulating bimetallic metal-organic framework nanoparticles designed for cancer immunotherapy.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy to induce high immunogenicity and activate the immune system. However, its efficacy is counteracted by the concurrent exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS), an immunosuppressive signal on the surface of cancer cells. Here we report the synthesis of a bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticle containing Gd and Zn (Gd-MOF-5) that can be used as an immunomodulator to downregulate the immunosuppressive PS signal and an ICD inducer to upregulate immunostimulatory signals.

Eliciting Immunogenic Cell Death via a Unitized Nanoinducer.

Utilizing chemotherapeutics to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a promising strategy to sensitize tumor cells and induce anticancer immunity. However, the application of traditional ICD inducers, such as chemodrugs, is largely hindered by their low tumor selectivity and severe side effects. Here, a new unitized ICD nanoinducer with high potency and cancer cell specificity is reported to achieve effective cancer immunotherapy.

Modification with Metallic Bismuth as Efficient Strategy for the Promotion of Photocatalysis: The Case of Bismuth Phosphate.

A BiPO4 nanostructure modified with Bi nanoparticles rich in oxygen vacancies in the surface and subsurface was prepared through a one-pot solvothermal treatment utilizing the weak reductive ability of ethylene glycol (EG). The presence of Bi nanocrystals and oxygen vacancies is beneficial for the separation and consumption of photogenerated electrons and holes where Bi nanocrystals act as active sites for the formation of (.) OH and oxygen vacancies are active sites for (.

Time-dependent evolution of the Bi(3.64)Mo(0.36)O(6.55)/Bi2MoO6 heterostructure for enhanced photocatalytic activity via the interfacial hole migration.

Hierarchical Bi(3.64)Mo(0.36)O(6.