Prospective Study of the Impact of Preoperative Nutrition on Postoperative Outcomes in Paediatric Surgery Using a Novel Two-axis Classification Scheme.

Background: Malnutrition is a significant concern in the hospitalized surgical cohort. Despite this there is no standardized scheme tailored for the pediatric surgical cohort. This study evaluated the feasibility to of the novel two-axis scheme to fill the lacunae in pediatric nutritional assessment.

Recurrent Tracheal Schwannomas: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Tracheal schwannomas are rare benign tumors in pediatric age group. We report a case of recurrent distal tracheal tumor in a 12 year old boy successfully managed with resection under cardiopulmonary bypass and review the relevant literature.

Assessment of Anticancer and Antimicrobial Potential of Bioactive Metabolites and Optimization of Culture Conditions of PB-St2 for High Yields.

The following study aimed to characterize the biological potential of the purified compounds of PB-St2. Optimization of temperature and incubation time of 32oC and 72 h yielded the highest crude extract weight and optical density of bacterial culture. HPLC analysis of the crude metabolite extract (purified using gravitational column chromatography) showed three fractions named as PC1, PC2, and PC3.

The role of circulating tumor DNA in melanomas of the uveal tract.

Melanoma of the uveal tract or uveal melanoma (UM) originates from melanocytes of the eye and is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults. Despite considerable advances in diagnostic procedures and treatments, prognosis remains poor in those with advanced disease. Accordingly, although current treatments have an excellent local disease control rate, approximately 50% of patients develop metastatic relapse within 10 years.

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor Masquerading as Congenital Pelvic-ureteric Junction Obstruction.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a very rare tumor with still rare occurrence in the genitourinary system, presenting as a pelvic-ureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction (PUJO). We report a case of IMT at the PUJ mimicking congenital PUJO and review the relevant literature.

Implications of obesity and insulin resistance for the treatment of oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and incidence rates are rising, it is thought in part, due to increasing levels of obesity. Endocrine therapy (ET) remains the cornerstone of systemic therapy for early and advanced oestrogen receptor-positive (ER + ) breast cancer, but despite treatment advances, it is becoming more evident that obesity and insulin resistance are associated with worse outcomes. Here, we describe the current understanding of the relationship between both obesity and diabetes and the prevalence and outcomes for ER+ breast cancer.

Molar incisor hypomineralization: Prevalence, severity and associated aetiological factors in children seeking dental care at Armed Forces Hospital Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Background: The prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) varies worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, data about this condition is limited to a few cities.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence, severity and associated aetiological factors of MIH in children seeking dental care in Armed Forces Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Catheter-associated Bloodstream Infection in Children with Tunneled Central Venous Catheters: A Single-center Experience.

Background: Tunnelled catheters improve venous access in haematological diseases and malignancies, but are associated with complications. We prospectively analysed the episodes of CABSI and its associated risk factors.

Aims: To study the incidence and risk factors for CABSI in children with tunnelled central venous catheters (both Hickmans and Chemoports).

Transplanting Livers in Young Children - Looking Back at 100 Cases.

Introduction: Despite advances in medical therapy, liver replacement continues to be the only definitive mode of therapy for children with end-stage liver disease (ESLD). However, its acceptance in India has been discouraging more due to financial and logistic reasons than the availability of expertise. This report outlines our journey and highlights issues pertinent to circumstances in an emerging economy like India.

Redo Surgeries in Anorectal Malformations: A Single-center Experience.

Aims And Objectives: Complications following posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) for ARM are well known. In this article, we present our experience of managing five patients who required major redo surgeries for complications resulting from previous attempts to correct ARM.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed all patients who underwent major redo surgeries in our hospital for complications from previous repairs for ARM, from June 2013 to June 2019.

Laryngeal Cyst in Children : A Retrospective Analysis.

Unlabelled: : To study the presentation, management and outcome of laryngeal cysts in children. : This is a retrospective observational study of children with Laryngeal cysts who were managed in the Department of Paediatric Surgery between April 2015 to Jan 2022. : Eight children with laryngeal cysts were included, 5 were girls.

Toxicity assessment of heavy metal (Pb) and its bioremediation by potential bacterial isolates.

Lead (Pb) is a non-essential metal with high toxicity, is persistent, is not biodegradable, and has no known biological function. It is responsible for severe health and environmental issues that need appropriate remediation. Therefore, microbes have thrived in a lead-contaminated environment without exhibiting any negative impacts.

Modelling the asymmetric effects of renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption and financial development on CO2 emissions in India: Empirical findings from the NARDL and Wavelet Coherence Approach.

A major challenge for humans in the twenty-first century is devising a way to minimize environmental pollution while fostering economic growth that will not deplete the planet's resources. Despite increased awareness of climate change and efforts to combat it, the amount of pollution emissions on the Earth continues to drop significantly. This study employs cutting-edge econometric methods to examine the long- and short-term asymmetric and causal impacts of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and financial development on CO emissions in India at both aggregate and disaggregated levels.

Sestamibi-guided thoracoscopic excision of functional mediastinal parathyroid adenoma in a child: A case report and review of literature.

Primary hyperparathyroidism secondary to ectopic parathyroid (in anterior mediastinum) is rare in children. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl with a history of multiple fractures, renal calculi and limb deformities. She was diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism secondary to an intrathymic parathyroid adenoma.

Isolation and characterization of indigenous bacterial assemblage for biodegradation of persistent herbicides in the soil.

Extensive pesticides (herbicides) use is negatively disturbing the environment and humans. Pesticide bioremediation with eco-friendly techniques bears prime importance. This study aimed to isolate and characterize three different herbicides (metribuzin, clodinafop- propargyl, MCPA (2-methyl, 4 chlorophenoxyacetic acids) and Bromoxynil) degrading bacterial strains from agricultural fields of Punjab University, Pakistan.

Community Health Workers as Vaccinators: A Rapid Review of the Global Landscape, 2000-2021.

Introduction: Community health workers (CHWs) could expand immunization access in under-reached communities by administering vaccines. This rapid review identifies countries where CHWs administered vaccines and synthesizes health systems factors that may contribute to or detract from the feasibility of CHWs administering vaccines.

Methods: We conducted a rapid review of peer-reviewed literature from 3 databases and gray literature identified through web searches and by CHW subject matter experts.

Black Ovary: Our Experience with Oophoropexy in All Cases of Pediatric Ovarian Torsion and Review of Relevant Literature.

Introduction: Oophorectomy is the treatment of choice in ovarian torsion if after detorsion the ovary looks bluish black. Ovarian preservation is advocated by many studies in the pediatric age group quoting the ability of the ovary to recover despite the appearance after detorsion.

Aims: This study aims to review the outcome of salvage surgery (detorsion) in the management of pediatric ovarian torsion.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Independent Hypercortisolism Managed by Bilateral Retroperitoneoscopic Adrenalectomy: Report of a Case and Review of Literature.

Bilateral adrenalectomy is the reference treatment for Cushing's syndrome related to adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH). We report a case of AIMAH managed by sequential retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy and review the literature of the same.

Hair Tourniquet of the Uvula.

Hair tourniquet syndrome (HTS) is a condition, where a strand of hair encircles the base of an appendage. We report a rare case of HTS of the uvula and review relevant literature.

Silencing a Myzus persicae Macrophage Inhibitory Factor by Plant-Mediated RNAi Induces Enhanced Aphid Mortality Coupled with Boosted RNAi Efficacy in Transgenic Potato Lines.

Myzus persicae causes considerable losses to crops as a major pest. The damage is direct by feeding and also partly indirect because it vectors plant viruses. The currently available control strategies rely on unsafe and nonecofriendly chemical pesticide applications.

Evaluation of Attitude and Knowledge of Endodontic, Pedodontic and SBARD Residents in Saudi Arabia toward Regenerative Endodontics-A National Survey.

Background and Objectives: There are no guidelines on the regenerative endodontic procedures that should be followed in dental treatment. Thus, it is essential to learn the knowledge, attitudes, and opinions about regenerative endodontics among dental practitioners, particularly endodontists, as they are the first providers of this type of dental treatment. Aim: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes among residents of the Saudi Board of Advanced Restorative Dentistry (SBARD) in Saudi Arabia.