Cholangiocarcinoma in Latin America: a multicentre observational study alerts on ethnic disparities in tumour presentation and outcomes.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) represents a global health challenge, with rising incidence and mortality rates. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical course and practices of CCA in Latin America.

Methods: This observational cohort study investigated individuals diagnosed with CCA between 2010 and 2023 at five referral centres across Latin America.

Recycling of Plastics in the Automotive Sector and Methods of Removing Paint for Its Revalorization: A Critical Review.

The presence of plastics in the automotive industry is increasingly significant due to their lightweight nature, which contributes to reducing fuel consumption and CO emissions while improving versatility and mechanical properties. Polypropylene (PP) and other polyolefins are among the most commonly used materials, especially for components such as bumpers. The use of composite materials, i.

Time-restricted eating affects human adipose tissue fat mobilization.

Objective: Time-restricted eating (TRE), a dietary approach that confines food intake to specific time windows, has shown metabolic benefits. However, its impact on body weight loss remains inconclusive. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of early TRE (eTRE) and delayed TRE (dTRE) on fat mobilization using human adipose tissue (AT) cultures.

Circadian transcriptome oscillations in human adipose tissue depend on napping status and link to metabolic and inflammatory pathways.

Study Objectives: Napping is a common habit in many countries. Nevertheless, studies about the chronic effects of napping on obesity are contradictory, and the molecular link between napping and metabolic alterations has yet to be studied. We aim to identify molecular mechanisms in adipose tissue (AT) that may connect napping and abdominal obesity.

Equidae pythiosis in Brazil and the world: a systematic review of the last 63 years (1960-2023).

This systematic review compiles reports of clinical pythiosis in horses, mules and donkeys from 1960 to 2023 worldwide, focusing on Brazil. We searched databases and included 71 articles detailing clinical characteristics, geographic distribution, epidemiology, diagnostic methods, therapies, and outcomes. The results showed that publications on equine pythiosis have significantly increased since 2010.

Melatonin decreases human adipose tissue insulin sensitivity.

Melatonin is a pineal hormone that modulates the circadian system and exerts soporific and phase-shifting effects. It is also involved in many other physiological processes, such as those implicated in cardiovascular, endocrine, immune, and metabolic functions. However, the role of melatonin in glucose metabolism remains contradictory, and its action on human adipose tissue (AT) explants has not been demonstrated.

Evaluation of gold adsorption on activated carbon from real cyanide and thiourea leachate solutions.

The recovery of gold by adsorption using activated carbon from sodium cyanide and thiourea leached solutions are reported in this study. The leached solutions were obtained under real operating conditions from the beneficiation plant "Paz Borja", Machala-Ecuador. Calgon Carbon DG-11 6X12 type, widely used in the local metallurgical industry was used as adsorbent material.

Effects of NCTC 11659 and Lipopolysaccharide Challenge on Polarization of Murine BV-2 Microglial Cells.

Previous studies have shown that the in vivo administration of soil-derived bacteria with anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties, such as NCTC 11659, can prevent a stress-induced shift toward an inflammatory M1 microglial immunophenotype and microglial priming in the central nervous system (CNS). It remains unclear whether NCTC 11659 can act directly on microglia to mediate these effects. This study was designed to determine the effects of NCTC 11659 on the polarization of naïve BV-2 cells, a murine microglial cell line, and BV-2 cells subsequently challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

In vitro and ex vivo anti-Pythium insidiosum potential of ozonated sunflower oil.

This study sought to evaluate the in vitro and ex vivo susceptibility of Pythium insidiosum to ozonized sunflower oil (OSO) and verify the morphological alterations of OSO-exposed hyphae. Susceptibility assays were performed according to the broth microdilution protocol M38-A2/CLSI, and the minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimal oomicidal (MOC) concentrations were also determined. Non-ozonated sunflower oil (SO) was used as the oil control.

Preclinical Study of DCD and Normothermic Perfusion for Visceral Transplantation.

Considering recent clinical and experimental evidence, expectations for using DCD-derived intestines have increased considerably. However, more knowledge about DCD procedure and long-term results after intestinal transplantation (ITx) is needed. We aimed to describe in detail a DCD procedure for ITx using normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) in a preclinical model.

EXPLORING THE ROLE OF CENTRAL VENOUS OXYGEN SATURATION IN THE EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SEVERE HYPOXEMIA IN MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PATIENTS.

Background: Although central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO 2 ) has been used as an endpoint for the treatment of circulatory shock, its role in guiding the evaluation and treatment of patients with severe hypoxemia remains to be assessed. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of low ScvO 2 in a cohort of hypoxemic patients and the association of this finding with differences in clinical management and patient outcomes. Methods: Retrospective review of data from adult intensive care unit patients with hypoxemia who required invasive mechanical ventilation for over 24 h and had at least one ScvO 2 measured within 6 h of a PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio <200.

Metronidazole for Prevention of Pelvic Cellulitis and Abscess after Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Triple-blinded, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial.

Study Objective: To determine whether a postoperative 5-day treatment schedule with vaginal metronidazole added to conventional antibiotic prophylaxis with 2 g cefazolin modifies the risk of pelvic cellulitis (PC) and pelvic abscess (PA) after total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH).

Design: A randomized, controlled, triple-blind, multicenter clinical trial.

Setting: Two centers dedicated to minimally invasive gynecologic surgery in Colombia.

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of IDegLira Versus Basal-Bolus in Patients With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes and Very High HbA1c ≥9-15%: DUAL HIGH Trial.

Objective: In participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and HbA1c >9.0-10.0%, guidelines recommend treatment with basal-bolus insulin.

Habitual nappers and non-nappers differ in circadian rhythms of expression in abdominal adipose tissue explants.

Background And Purpose: Napping is a widespread practice worldwide and has in recent years been linked to increased abdominal adiposity. Lipase E or encodes the protein hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), an enzyme that plays an important role in lipid mobilization and exhibits a circadian expression rhythm in human adipose tissue. We hypothesized that habitual napping may impact the circadian expression pattern of , which in turn may attenuate lipid mobilization and induce abdominal fat accumulation.

Complex Networks Analyses of Antibiofilm Peptides: An Emerging Tool for Next-Generation Antimicrobials' Discovery.

Microbial biofilms cause several environmental and industrial issues, even affecting human health. Although they have long represented a threat due to their resistance to antibiotics, there are currently no approved antibiofilm agents for clinical treatments. The multi-functionality of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including their antibiofilm activity and their potential to target multiple microbes, has motivated the synthesis of AMPs and their relatives for developing antibiofilm agents for clinical purposes.

Exploring the Non-Covalent Bonding in Water Clusters.

QTAIM and source function analysis were used to explore the non-covalent bonding in twelve different water clusters (HO) obtained by considering = 2-7 and various geometrical arrangements. A total of seventy-seven O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds (HBs) were identified in the systems under consideration, and the examination of the electron density at the bond critical point (BCP) of these HBs revealed the existence of a great diversity of O-H⋯O interactions. Furthermore, the analysis of quantities, such as |V(r)|/G(r) and H(r), allowed a further description of the nature of analogous O-H⋯O interactions within each cluster.

NCTC 11659, a Soil-Derived Bacterium with Stress Resilience Properties, Modulates the Proinflammatory Effects of LPS in Macrophages.

Inflammatory conditions, including allergic asthma and conditions in which chronic low-grade inflammation is a risk factor, such as stress-related psychiatric disorders, are prevalent and are a significant cause of disability worldwide. Novel approaches for the prevention and treatment of these disorders are needed. One approach is the use of immunoregulatory microorganisms, such as NCTC 11659, which have anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and stress-resilience properties.

Implementation of a Multimodal Knowledge-Exchange Platform to Provide Trauma Critical Care Education During the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine.

Importance: The conflict in Ukraine has forced civilian hospitals with limited trauma and battlefield medicine experience to care for casualties of war, placing significant strain on the health care system. Using the Checklist for Early Recognition and Treatment of Acute Illness and Injury (CERTAIN) program, a multimodal trauma critical care knowledge-exchange platform was created for clinicians practicing in these institutions.

Objectives: To describe the development and implementation of the CERTAIN for Ukraine program and to evaluate the reach of this intervention, together with participant engagement and satisfaction.

A Theoretical Study of the C-X Bond Cleavage Mediated by Cob(II)Aloxime.

The C-X bond cleavage in different methyl halides (CHX; X = Cl, Br, I) mediated by 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole-bis(dimethylglyoximate)cobalt(II) (CoCbx) was theoretically investigated in the present work. An S2-like mechanism was considered to simulate the chemical process where the cobalt atom acts as the nucleophile and the halogen as the leaving group. The reaction path was computed by means of the intrinsic reaction coordinate method and analyzed in detail through the reaction force formalism, the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), and the calculation of one-electron density derived quantities, such as the source function (SF) and the spin density.

Seroprevalence and Molecular Characterization of spp. in Rats Captured near Pig Farms in Colombia.

Gram-negative spirochete spp. causes leptospirosis. Leptospirosis is still a neglected disease, even though it can cause potentially fatal infections in a variety of species including humans.

Dehydrochlorination of PCDDs on SWCN-Supported Ni and Ni Clusters, a DFT Study.

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) are known to be a group of compounds of high toxicity for animals and, particularly, for humans. Given that the most common method to destroy these compounds is by high-temperature combustion, finding other routes to render them less toxic is of paramount importance. Taking advantage of the physisorption properties of nanotubes, we studied the reactions of atomic hydrogen on physisorbed PCDDs using DFT; likewise, we investigated the reaction of molecular hydrogen on PCDDs aided by Ni and Ni clusters adsorbed on single-wall carbon nanotubes.