Micro-CT, Mechanical, and Histological Examination of the Effect of Local Adjuvants on Porcine Cortical Bone Following Intralesional Curettage of Bone Tumors.

Background And Objectives: Curettage is the removal of a tumor from the bone while preserving the surrounding healthy cortical bone, and is associated with higher rates of local recurrence. To lower these rates, curettage should be combined with local adjuvants, although their use is associated with damage to nearby healthy bone.

Objective: The purpose of this analysis is to determine the effect of local adjuvants on cortical porcine bone by using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) along with histological and mechanical examination.

Phenotype and oxidative burst of low-density neutrophil subpopulations are altered in common variable immunodeficiency patients.

Common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID) is the most common form of primary antibody immunodeficiency. Due to low antibody levels, CVID patients receive intravenous or subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement therapy as treatment. CVID is associated with the chronic activation of granulocytes, including an increased percentage of low-density neutrophils (LDNs).

Transcription factor c-Myb: novel prognostic factor in osteosarcoma.

The transcription factor c-Myb is an oncoprotein promoting cell proliferation and survival when aberrantly activated/expressed, thus contributing to malignant transformation. Overexpression of c-Myb has been found in leukemias, breast, colon and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Recent studies revealed its expression also in osteosarcoma cell lines and suggested its functional importance during bone development.

Bone lesions - diagnostic approach using immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology.

Immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology play an essential role in the diagnosis of some focal bone lesions. These techniques may greatly help to distinguish primary bone tumors from metastatic diseases and allow a biologically important refinements in subclassification of round cell sarcomas. Recently, the diagnostic accuracy of organ and tumor specific antibodies has improved significantly.

Penis as a primary site of an extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma: A case report.

Rationale: The Ewing sarcoma family of malignant tumors is a group of tumors characterized by morphologically similar round-cell neoplasms and by the presence of a common chromosomal translocation; Ewing sarcoma family of tumors typically occur in children and young adults between 4 to 15 years of age. The primary tumor usually originates in the bone, extraskeletal localization is rare.

Patient Concern: We present a case report concerning a 32-year-old male patient with a primary involvement of the penis.

Intravascular fasciitis leading to an aortic dissection. A case report.

Here we report on the case of a 61-year-old female with an accidental finding of intravascular fasciitis (IVF) affecting the ascending aorta in a specimen resected due to an acute aortic dissection. No infiltrative process of the aorta or surrounding soft tissues was grossly apparent. Microscopically, the lesion had poorly defined margins and was composed of plump spindle- and oval-shaped cells set in an abundant myxoid stroma.

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor of the thyroid gland with transcapsular invasion: a case report.

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor is a rare neoplasm usually with benign clinical behavior. Exceptionally it shows characteristic features of malignant tumors, such as the presence of venous or capsular invasion or distant metastasis. We report the case of 45-years-old female with a palpable nodule in the right lobe of the thyroid gland, 8x8x10 mm in size, well circumscribed, white colored.

Intraoperative diagnosis of the head and neck lesions, thyroid and parathyroid gland, bone and soft tissue, and genitourinary tract.

In this article, indications and pitfalls in frozen section diagnosis in selected organs and systems are discussed. The main indications for frozen section examination of head and neck and genitourinary system lesions are to evaluate the resection margin and the metastatic involvement of lymph nodes. Recently, intraoperative consultation has been introduced for identification of patients who might benefit from testis-sparing surgery.

Tenosynovitis With Psammomatous Calcifications: A Distinctive Trauma-Associated Subtype of Idiopathic Calcifying Tenosynovitis With a Predilection for the Distal extremities of Middle-Aged Women-A Report of 23 Cases.

The term "idiopathic calcifying tenosynovitis" (ICT) refers to a clinically and radiologically defined syndrome of pain and tendinous calcifications, most often involving the shoulder joint. A distinctive subset of ICT cases, termed "tenosynovitis with psammomatous calcifications" (TPC), occurs in the distal extremities and shows characteristic morphology, in particular psammomatous calcifications. As only 14 cases have been reported to date, TPC remains poorly recognized by both pathologists and clinicians.

Clinicopathological correlation of tumor-associated macrophages in Ewing sarcoma.

Aims: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known markers playing complex roles in tumorigenesis. However, the function of TAMs in a variety of malignancies is not yet fully understood. The aim of this pilot study was to quantify the density of TAMs in Ewing sarcoma and to determine the correlation between TAMs and clinicopathological parameters.

Advantages in Prognosis of Adult Patients with Ewing Sarcoma: 11-years Experiences and Current Treatment Management.

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an exceptionally rare tumor in adults. Data regarding outcomes of adult patients with ES and experiences with age-adapted therapeutic strategies are very limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors and clinical outcome in a cohort of adult patients treated according to pediatric protocols in the Czech Republic.

[Giant cell-rich lesions of bone and their differential diagnosis].

Giant cell-rich lesions form a heterogeneous group of reactive and truly neoplastic processes with diverse clinical presentation and biological behavior. Common to all of them are variably numerous multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells and the presence of mononuclear stroma. Based on the histological picture alone it is sometimes impossible to reliably distinguish certain tumors from each other.

Soft tissue metastasis of mediastinal non-functioning paraganglioma with unusual TTF-1 expression: a potential diagnostic pitfall.

Metastatic extra-adrenal paragangliomas are very rare and can represent diagnostic challenges. We report a case of 69-year-old man with a tumor of the right shoulder. Histologic and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the diagnosis of paraganglioma.

Expression of nestin, CD133 and ABCG2 in relation to the clinical outcome in pediatric sarcomas.

Background: Nestin, CD133 and ABCG2 are recently discussed as putative markers, co-expression of which might determine a cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in sarcomas.

Objective: Our study is focused on immunohistochemical analysis of nestin, CD133 and ABCG2 expression in rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma. Furthermore, we also analyzed the possible correlation of nestin, CD133 and ABCG2 expression levels with the patient outcome to identify potential prognostic values of these three putative CSC markers in the same cohorts.

Fibrous Dysplasia Presenting as a Cold Spot in 18F-FLT PET/CT Imaging.

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign bone lesion in which normal bone marrow is replaced by fibro-osseous tissue. The usual high fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) uptake in FD may lead to the misdiagnosis of bone malignancy. Herein, we describe the case of a 42-year old man with histologically verified FD of the pubic bone, which has been subsequently examined during follow-up for rectal cancer, using both F-FDG and fluorothymidine (F-FLT) PET/CT imaging.

Cancer stem cell markers in pediatric sarcomas: Sox2 is associated with tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice.

The three most frequent pediatric sarcomas, i.e., Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma, were examined in this study: three cell lines derived from three primary tumor samples were analyzed from each of these tumor types.

[WHO classification of tumours of soft tissue and bone 2013: the main changes compared to the 3rd edition].

In early 2013, the new classification of tumours of soft tissue and bones was released. This edition belongs to the fourth series of so-called Blue Books published under the auspices of the World Health Organisation (WHO). The current classification follows the previous third edition, from which it differs in several aspects.

[Analysis of prognostic factors in osteosarcoma adult patients, a single institution experience].

Background: The objective of this report was to estimate long-term outcome and prognostic factors in adult patients with high-grade osteosarcoma. The intended therapeutic strategy included preoperative and/or postoperative chemotherapy as well as surgery of all operable lesions.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed the clinical data of 36 newly diagnosed adult patients (aged 19-82, average 37.

Nestin expression in high-grade osteosarcomas and its clinical significance.

Nestin has been detected in various malignancies and its expression correlates with advanced grade in some neoplasms. The aim of this study was to examine nestin expression in high-grade osteosarcomas and to determine its prognostic value. Using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, we evaluated nestin expression in tumor tissue samples from 45 patients with high-grade osteosarcomas.

CD133 expression and identification of CD133/nestin positive cells in rhabdomyosarcomas and rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines.

Background: Co-expression of CD133, cell surface glycoprotein, and nestin, an intermediate filament protein, was determined to be a marker of neural stem cells and of cancer stem cells in neurogenic tumors.

Methods: We examined the expression of CD133 and nestin in ten tumor tissue samples taken from patients with rhabdomyosarcomas and in five rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to examine FFPE tumor tissue samples.

Low-level copy number changes of MYC genes have a prognostic impact in medulloblastoma.

High-level amplifications of MYC genes are associated with poor outcomes in childhood medulloblastoma (MB). However, the occurrence of MYCN and MYCC copy number increases below the intense amplification pattern is rarely reported, and its clinical impact has not yet been determined. Here, we describe this phenomenon and its prognostic significance in a cohort of 29 MB patients.

[Rare tumors of the gallbladder and bile ducts. A case review].

The authors deal with the problem of benigh tumours of the bile duct which might occur as a very suprising intraoperative finding instead of preoperatively diagnosed "gallstones". This situation can happen because of possible mistakes that might accompany today's modern practical investigative techniques. The presented report is an example of the pre-operatirely assumed choledocholithiasis which was not confirmed during the operation.

Nestin expression in human tumors and tumor cell lines.

The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge on nestin expression in human tumors and corresponding tumor cell lines. Nestin belongs to class VI of the intermediate filaments and it is expressed primarily in mammalian nervous tissue during embryonic development. In adults, nestin occurs only in a small subset of cells and tissues.

Nestin expression in osteosarcomas and derivation of nestin/CD133 positive osteosarcoma cell lines.

Background: Nestin was originally identified as a class VI intermediate filament protein that is expressed in stem cells and progenitor cells in the mammalian CNS during development. This protein is replaced in the adult organism by other intermediate filament proteins; however, nestin may be re-expressed under certain pathological conditions such as ischemia, inflammation, brain injury, and neoplastic transformation. Nestin has been detected in many kinds of tumors, especially in tumors derived from the CNS.