Default mode network functional connectivity as a transdiagnostic biomarker of cognitive function.

The default mode network (DMN) is intricately linked with processes such as self-referential thinking, episodic memory recall, goal-directed cognition, self-projection, and theory of mind. Over recent years, there has been a surge in examining its functional connectivity, particularly its relationship with frontoparietal networks (FPN) involved in top-down attention, executive function, and cognitive control. The fluidity in switching between these internal and external modes of processing-highlighted by anti-correlated functional connectivity-has been proposed as an indicator of cognitive health.

Breaking boundaries: role of the brain barriers in metastatic process.

Brain metastases (BMs) are the most common intracranial tumors in adults and occur 3-10 times more frequently than primary brain tumors. Despite intensive multimodal therapies, including resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, BMs are associated with poor prognosis and remain challenging to treat. BMs predominantly originate from primary lung (20-56%), breast (5-20%), and melanoma (7-16%) tumors, although they can arise from other cancer types less frequently.

Paclitaxel triggers molecular and cellular changes in the choroid plexus.

Paclitaxel is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for treating various solid tumors. However, resulting neuropathic pain, often a lifelong side effect of paclitaxel, can limit dosing and compromise optimal treatment. The choroid plexus, located in the brain ventricles, spreads peripheral inflammatory reactions into the brain.

Somatic genetic alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in cholesteatoma.

Background: Cholesteatoma is a proliferative disease that affects the tympanic cavity and temporal bone. Despite many studies and various theories, the etiopathogenesis of cholesteatoma has not been fully elucidated. Features such as invasion, migration, uncontrolled proliferation, and lack of differentiation are observed in both cholesteatoma and neoplasia.

New data on spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Iraqi Kurdistan, with new species and records.

Based on a series of specimens collected between 2021 and 2023, this study presents new data on spiders of Iraqi Kurdistan. Despite the small size of the collection (i.e.

New taxonomic and faunistic data on Liocranidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of West Palaearctic), with nine new species of Mesiotelus Simon, 1897.

New taxonomic data and distribution records on liocranid spiders in the West Palaearctic are provided. Nine species of Mesiotelus Simon, 1897 are described as new to science: M. alanyensis Zamani, Fomichev, Kaya & Marusik, sp.

New taxonomic and faunistic data on the funnel-weavers (Araneae, Agelenidae) of Turkiye and the Caucasus, with five new species.

New taxonomic and faunistic data on the agelenid spiders of Turkiye and the Caucasus are provided. Five species are described as new to science: (♂♀; Turkiye: Antalya), (♂♀; Turkiye: Antalya), (♂; Turkiye: Antalya), (♂♀; Georgia: Imereti), and (♂♀; Armenia: Kotayk). Dimitrov, 2020, is proposed as a new junior synonym of Brignoli, 1978.

Evaluation of diabetes care parameters in patients with diabetes: A population-based cross-sectional study in Khuzestan province (southwest of Iran).

Background: Diabetes is becoming a worldwide concern. Optimal diabetes control reduces diabetes complications.

Objectives: We aimed to measure the principal diabetes care parameters to recognize the main deficits in care for patients with diabetes in the region.

Impact of Simultaneous Presence of Multiple PML-RARA Isoforms on Phenotype in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia.

Objective: To determine the coexistence of multiple PML-RARA transcripts in adult APL (acute promyelotic leukaemia) patients, and its impact on  the patients' laboratory parameters, treatment responses, and prognoses.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty of Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkiye, from January 2015 to March 2023.

Genotype-phenotype correlation in recessive DNAJB4 myopathy.

Protein aggregate myopathies can result from pathogenic variants in genes encoding protein chaperones. DNAJB4 is a cochaperone belonging to the heat shock protein-40 (HSP40) family and plays a vital role in cellular proteostasis. Recessive loss-of-function variants in cause myopathy with early respiratory failure and spinal rigidity, presenting from infancy to adulthood.

Genotype‒phenotype correlation in recessive DNAJB4 myopathy.

Protein aggregate myopathies can result from pathogenic variants in genes encoding protein chaperones. DNAJB4 is a cochaperone belonging to the heat shock protein-40 (HSP40) family and plays a vital role in cellular proteostasis. Recessive loss-of-function variants in DNAJB4 cause myopathy with early respiratory failure and spinal rigidity, presenting from infancy to adulthood.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman: baseline report on occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk assessment.

In the present study, 18 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds were measured in marine sediments collected from 49 offshore stations in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in 2019. After the last oceanographic cruise in 2006, no study has been performed on the offshore sediments of this region, and this is the first study on the PCBs in this area. The total amount of PCB compounds in the sediment samples ranged from 74.

Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using walnut shell and their size dependent anticancer effects on breast and colorectal cancer cell lines.

Metal oxide nanoparticles(NPs) contain unique properties which have made them attractive agents in cancer treatment. The CuO nanoparticles were green synthesized using walnut shell powder in different calcination temperatures (400°, 500°, 700°, and 900 °C). The CuO nanoparticles are characterized by FTIR, XRD, BET, SEM and DLS analyses.

Therapeutic Potential of PLK1, KIF4A, CDCA5, UBE2C, CDT1, SKA3, AURKB, and PTTG1 Genes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Correlating Their Expression with Sensitivity to GSK 461364 and IKK 16 Drugs.

The treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been associated with challenges due to the lack of expression of ER, PR, and HER2 receptors in tumor cells. This study aimed to identify genes with potential therapeutic targets in TNBC. Data from the cancer genome atlas regarding breast cancer (BC) were downloaded.

Development of hydrogels from cell wall of Aspergillus oryzae containing chitin-glucan and wet spinning to monofilaments.

Fungal mycelium is emerging as a source for sustainable bio-based materials. Fungal biomass of Aspergillus oryzae was prepared by cultivation on bread waste hydrolysate to valorize this abundant food waste. Chitin-glucan-rich alkali-insoluble material (AIM) was isolated from fungal biomass, formed into hydrogels, and wet spun into monofilaments.

Dry gel spinning of fungal hydrogels for the development of renewable yarns from food waste.

Background: Renewable materials made using environmentally friendly processes are in high demand as a solution to reduce the pollution created by the fashion industry. In recent years, there has been a growing trend in research on renewable materials focused on bio-based materials derived from fungi.

Results: Recently, fungal cell wall material of a chitosan producing fungus has been wet spun to monofilaments.

A case report of renal cell carcinoma metastasis revealed through late-onset thyroid nodules.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common and prevalent cancers all around the world with a prevalence of 3%. Approximately twenty percent of patients present with metastasis at the time of diagnosis, while late metastasis in renal cell carcinoma is a quite familiar phenomenon. Head and neck and particularly thyroid metastasis from RCC are rare events.

A swallowed denture leading to misdiagnosis with esophageal neoplasm: a case report.

Introduction: Foreign body ingestion can lead to esophageal complications, including perforation and impaction, in up to 20% of cases, making it a critical situation. Misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis can cause severe complications.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 78-year-old female who swallowed an acrylic partial denture leading to progressive dysphagia and a vegetative ulcerative lesion on endoscopy.

Effect of sitagliptin therapy on IL-29 and its associated signaling molecules in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: The potential immunoregulatory capacity of sitagliptin on interleukin-29 (IL-29) and genes involved in its intracellular pathway were explored in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

Materials And Methods: T2D patients treated with six months of sitagliptin (Sita), patients not treated with sitagliptin (Sita), and healthy controls (HCs) were included. IL-29 levels in the supernatant of stimulated mononuclear immune cells was determined with ELISA.

Gallbladder fossa lymphangioma encasing the common bile duct: a case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Lymphangiomas are rare low-flow lymphatic vessel malformations mostly diagnosed in childhood. Among the abdominal lymphangiomas, the gallbladder lymphangioma is a rare presentation, and only a few cases have been reported till date, of which majority were cystic lymphangiomas.

Case Presentation: The authors present a case of a 48-year-old female with abdominal pain and normal physical examination and laboratory findings.