Design, Synthesis, In Vitro, and In Silico Studies of New -Substituted-pyrazolo[3,4-]pyrimidinone Derivatives as Anticancer CDK2 Inhibitors.

CDK2 is a key player in cell cycle processes. It has a crucial role in the progression of various cancers. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are two common cancers that affect humans worldwide.

Retinal changes and cardiac biomarker assessment in relation to chronic kidney disease: a single centre study.

Background: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising in Malaysia. Early detection is necessary to prevent disease progression, especially in terms of cardiovascular (CV) risk, the main cause of death in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Retinal changes have proven to be a good predictor of CKD whereas cardiac biomarkers are useful in cardiovascular risk stratification.

A rarely described Kimura's disease of the breast.

Kimura's disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology. The majority of cases are reported in middle-aged Asian males and rarely seen in other ethnicities. Patients classically present with chronic single or multiple painless subcutaneous masses, lymphadenopathies, hypereosinophilia and elevated serum immunoglobulin E.

Performance Analysis of a Novel Hybrid Segmentation Method for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Monitoring.

Experts have used ultrasound imaging to manually determine follicle count and perform measurements, especially in cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, due to the laborious and error-prone process of manual diagnosis, researchers have explored and developed medical image processing techniques to help with diagnosing and monitoring PCOS. This study proposes a combination of Otsu's thresholding with the Chan-Vese method to segment and identify follicles in the ovary with reference to ultrasound images marked by a medical practitioner.

Imperfections Formation in Thin Layers of NiTi Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Lattices Fabricated Using Laser Powder Bed Fusion.

In this paper, thin layers of NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) triply periodic minimal surface lattices (TPMS) are fabricated using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), considering different laser scanning strategies and relative densities. The obtained architected samples are studied using experimental methods to characterize their microstructural features, including the formation of cracks and balling imperfections. It is observed that balling is not only affected by the parameters of the fabrication process but also by structural characteristics, including the effective densities of the fabricated samples.

Levels of Genetic Variants Among Symptomatic Blastocystis Subtypes and their Relationship to Mucosal Immune Surveillance in the Precancerous Colons of Experimentally Infected Rats.

Purpose: The relationship between the genetic diversity of Blastocystis and immune surveillance in precancerous colons with blastocystosis is still under investigation. This study aimed to identify the genetic Blastocystis variants among 54 symptomatic human isolates and their relationship to mucosal immune surveillance in the precancerous polyps of experimentally infected rats.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction and high-resolution melting (PCR/HRM) curves discriminated human symptomatic Blastocystis isolates into subtypes (STs)/intrasubtypes, which were orally administered to rats to induce experimental infection.

Predictive accuracy of the APACHE IV scores on mortality and prolonged stay in the intensive care unit of Dr Sardjito Hospital.

Introduction: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) is the most widely used scoring system in the intensive care unit (ICU). The APACHE IV showed a good level of discrimination and calibration on predicting mortality and prolonged stay (PLOS) in some countries. This study is aimed to determine the predictive accuracy of the APACHE IV score on mortality and PLOS at the ICU of Dr Sardjito General Hospital (SGH).

Tissue-based long non-coding RNAs "PVT1, TUG1 and MEG3" signature predicts Cisplatin resistance in ovarian Cancer.

Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the potentiality of three lncRNAs "Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1(lnc-PVT1), Taurine upregulated gene type 1(lnc-TUG1) and Maternally expressed gene 3 (lnc-MEG-3)", to predict Cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer (OC), in addition, to access their prognostic significance.

Methods: The expression level of lncRNAs were measured in 100 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFET) samples of OC patients who were treated by Cisplatin-based chemotherapy using qPCR.

Results: The results showed that lnc_PVT1 was significantly upregulated by 2.

Possible role of garlic oil in ameliorating renal injury after liver ischemia/reperfusion in rats.

Acute liver failure induces renal injury by triggering inflammation and oxidative stress. The heme oxygenase system has a preventive role against reperfusion injury, while garlic oil has antioxidants and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the protective effects of garlic oil pretreatment on remote renal functions after liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and clarifying gene expressions of heme oxygenase 1 (HO1), autophagy-related 7 (Atg7) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) in renal tissues.

Exenatide promotes cardiac lncRNAs HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) in Wistar rats with liver cirrhosis; a novel role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy.

Long acting non-coding RNAs lncRNAs HOX Transcript Antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is cardioprotective and mediates its effect through sirtulin 1 (SIRT1). The decrease in HOTAIR expression predisposes to various types of cardiomyopathy. We aimed to investigate whether decrease HOTAIR expression is involved in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy or not and the role of glucagon like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1 receptor) in facilitating its effect through studying the effect of a exenatide (EXA), on cardiac function as well as the expression of some relevant bio-molecules.

Interaction between 12p chromosomal abnormalities and Lnc-HOTAIR mediated pathway in acute myeloid leukemia.

Objectives: To investigate the correlation of homeobox (HOX) transcript antisense RNA expression with clinicopathological features and the clinical prognosis of the patients with chromosome 12p abnormalities associated acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We also investigate the association of 12p chromosomal on the expression of HOTAIR, miRNA-193a, and c-kit gene as targeting genes for HOTAIR in AML.

Methods: AML patients with 12p chromosomal abnormalities were recruited and compared to AML with other chromosomal abnormalities rather than 12p.

Natural killer NKG2A and NKG2D in patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Natural-killer group 2 (NKG2), a characteristic receptor of natural killer (NK) cell family, assumes a vital role in modulating NK cytotoxic function. We aimed to detect mRNA expression of both NKG2A and NKG2D in serum NK cells obtained from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Methods: We enrolled 36 patients with newly diagnosed CRC, as well as 15 group matched healthy individuals.

MicroRNA 26a Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Correlation with Serum Interleukin-17 in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic multifocal inflammatory demyelinating disease. One of the main cells that play a crucial role in pathogenesis of MS is T helper 17 (Th 17). There are growing interests in nominating microRNAs in Th17 cell differentiation and suggesting new therapeutic modalities.

SEROPREVALENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION AND ITS AS- SOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN NEUROPSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS IN JAZAN PROVINCE, SAUDI ARABIA.

Toxoplasma gondii has worldwide distribution in nearly one-third of the human population. It is a neurotropic protozoan parasite so a potential role of T. gondii infection for some neuropsychiatric disorders was postulated.

Postpartum Family Planning During Sociopolitical Transition: Findings from an Integrated Community-Based Program in Egypt.

Context: Limited information exists on postpartum family planning and implementation of integrated reproductive and maternal and child health programs in countries experiencing sociopolitical transition.

Methods: A quasi-experimental evaluation of an integrated reproductive and maternal and child health program implemented in selected sites in Upper and Lower Egypt was conducted between 2012 and 2014. Preintervention and postintervention household surveys were conducted among 12,454 women in intervention sites and nonintervention comparison sites who at survey had a child younger than 24 months.

Predominance of Giardia lamblia assemblage A among iron deficiency anaemic pre-school Egyptian children.

Intestinal parasites and nutritional deficiency can coexist and influence each other. This study aimed to clarify the association between Giardia genotypes and presence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) among pre-school Egyptian children. Two groups (IDA and non-anaemic) of giardiasis children (44/group) were selected according to their recovery response after treatment of giardiasis.

Lung segmentation on standard and mobile chest radiographs using oriented Gaussian derivatives filter.

Background: Unsupervised lung segmentation method is one of the mandatory processes in order to develop a Content Based Medical Image Retrieval System (CBMIRS) of CXR. The purpose of the study is to present a robust solution for lung segmentation of standard and mobile chest radiographs using fully automated unsupervised method.

Methods: The novel method is based on oriented Gaussian derivatives filter with seven orientations, combined with Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering and thresholding to refine the lung region.

Parasitic infestation in pediatric and adolescent appendicitis: a local experience.

Objective: The relationship between parasites and pediatric appendicitis is a highly debatable issue. This study aims to investigate the role of parasitic infestation in the etiology of acute pediatric appendicitis.

Methods: A retrospective study including 1600 pediatric and adolescent patients who had undergone surgical therapy for a diagnosis of acute appendicitis over a period of ten years from Jan 2001 to Dec 2010.

Flow cytometric assessment of leukocyte function in sickle cell anemia.

Sickle cell anemia is associated with susceptibility to infection due to hyposplenism and the reduced ability of neutrophils to kill pathogenic organisms. In this study, blood samples from sickle cell anemia patients were divided into two groups: the painful crisis group and the steady state group. Flow cytometric assessment of phagocytosis and burst formation of neutrophils and monocytes as well as basophil function were performed, and these were compared to those of age- and sex-matched normal control subjects.

Evaluation of a commercial rRNA target amplification assay for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in respiratory specimens.

Seventy-one respiratory samples were analyzed in a new commercially available target rRNA amplification assay aimed at detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex directly in patient specimens. The assay (Gen-Probe Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test) correctly identified 26 of 27 samples positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 43 of 44 samples negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in culture. When appropriate controls are performed, the assay also performs well with other specimens, such as tissue biopsies, lymph node or bone marrow aspirates and pleural and ascitic exudates.

Diagnosis, prevalence and drug resistance of mycobacteria in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients of an urban population in Germany.

In a survey of 3004 clinical specimens from 1112 HIV-negative and 679 clinical specimens from 140 HIV-positive patients which were submitted to our mycobacterial laboratory, we have analysed the different diagnostic approaches concerning mycobacterial disease in these two populations. We have assessed specimen-type, culture result, microscopical diagnosis and prevalence in relation to HIV status. Isolation rates of mycobacteria were highest in blood cultures from HIV-positive patients.

Use of human organs fixed long ago for the scanning electron microscopic analysis.

Normal human organs fixed 10-15 years ago in formol and Bouin as well as organs prepared from cadavers used for the anatomical dissections show a surprisingly well preserved structure in the scanning electron microscope. Such organs can be successfully used for the teaching of the 3-dimensional microanatomy.

[The degenerative process during development of the corpus callosum].

The ontogenesis of the corpus callosum is inextricably linked with the various processes controlling prosencephalic development. Our study is based on series of frontal and sagittal sections through the prosencephalon of 16 and 17 day mouse embryos and on ultrathin sections of the septum, particularly of the zone where the callosal fibres cross. The septum, which contains the first callosal fibres, does not undergo the fusional process described by other authors.

[Fusion of the ventricular walls at the level of the dorsal and ventral telodiencephalic sulci].

In the course of development of the mouse embryo prosencephalon, the walls of the dorsal and ventral telodiencephalic sulci fuse along their ependymal surfaces. This study is based on 1 mu semithin sections of the prosencephalon and on ultrathin sections of the fusion zone of mice of 13 days postconception. Ultrathin sections of the rostral part of the fusion zone present two rows of junctions (maculae adhaerentes) in opposition belonging to each of the two walls.

Ultrastructure of the choroid plexus and its development in the mouse.

The morphogenesis of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle of the mouse was studied from the 8th to the 13th post conception day (PCD) in semi- and ultra-thin sections. The choroid plexus appears on PCD 11 with the formation of a horizontal crest in the roof of the interventricular foramen. However, degenerative processes play an important role in the morpho- and histogenetic development of the choroid plexus from PCD 8.