Antimicrobial Peptides: A Promising Solution to the Rising Threat of Antibiotic Resistance.

The demand for developing novel antimicrobial drugs has increased due to the rapid appearance and global spread of antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer distinct advantages over traditional antibiotics, such as broad-range efficacy, a delayed evolution of resistance, and the capacity to enhance human immunity. AMPs are being developed as potential medicines, and current computational and experimental tools aim to facilitate their preclinical and clinical development.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli and ostriches: a deep dive into pathological and microbiological investigation.

Objective: A comprehensive research was conducted to investigate the incidence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) in ostrich farms in Egypt.

Methods: The study involved seven farms with bird ages ranging from 1 to 12 weeks and capacities of 2,000 to 5,000 birds per farm. 175 tissue specimens were collected from different organs (liver, spleen, heart, lung, kidney, intestine, and meat).

Intranasal trimethyl chitosan-coated emulsomes containing tizanidine as brain-targeted therapy in spasticity: formulation, optimization, and pharmacokinetic assessment.

Tizanidine HCl (TZN) is an FDA-approved medication for treating spasticity. However, its oral administration presents obstacles to its efficacy, as it has a short duration of action and a low rate of absorption into the circulation (less than 40%) due to its rapid breakdown in the liver. In addition, its hydrophilic properties limit its capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier, thereby prohibiting it from reaching the central nervous system, where it can exert its intended therapeutic effects.

Epigenomic biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease: How far are we from daily practice?

Determining whether someone has cardiometabolic disease (CMD), especially in the early stages, can be complicated. Risk stratification ordinarily depends on an extended process relying on medical history that typically considers blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking and diabetes status. Physicians have long relied on these key patient characteristics to assess CMD risk.

Ocular mucoadhesive and biodegradable spanlastics loaded cationic spongy insert for enhancing and sustaining the anti-inflammatory effect of prednisolone Na phosphate; Preparation, I-optimal optimization, and In-vivo evaluation.

This study aimed to formulate and statistically optimize spanlastics loaded spongy insert (SPLs-SI) of prednisolone Na phosphate (PRED) to enhance and sustain its anti-inflammatory effect in a controlled manner. An I-optimal optimization was employed using Design-Expert® software. The formulation variables were sonication time, the Span 60: EA ratio and type of edge activator (Tween 80 or PVA) while Entrapment efficiency (EE%), Vesicles' size (VS) and Zeta potential (ZP) were set as the dependent responses.

In Vitro and in vivo characterization of nasal pH-Responsive in-situ hydrogel of Candesartan-loaded invasomes as a potential stroke treatment.

Candesartan (CDN) is a useful anti-stroke medication because it lowers blood pressure, inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis and apoptosis. However, CDN has limited efficacy due to its low solubility and poor bioavailability. This study set out to develop nasal pH-responsive in situ hydrogel of CDN-loaded invasomes a (PRHCLI) for enhancing CDN's release, penetration, bioavailability, and effectiveness as a possible treatment for stroke.

Pathological and pharmacovigilance monitoring as toxicological imputations of azithromycin and its residues in broilers.

Background And Aim: The importance of monitoring antimicrobial residues in food is underlined by increasing worries about food safety and public health. The potential toxicity of azithromycin (Az) on broilers and its impact on chicken meat residues require further investigation. This study assesses Az's toxicity effects and associated risks in broiler chickens through evaluation.

Effect of a probiotic supplement (Bacillus subtilis) on struggling behavior, immune response, and meat quality of shackled broiler chickens exposed to preslaughter stress.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of a dietary probiotic supplement on struggling behavior, immune response, and meat quality of shackled broiler chickens exposed to preslaughter stress. Two hundred and ten 1-day-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks were divided among 21 floor pens (10 chicks per pen). The pens were randomly distributed to 1 of 3 dietary treatments containing a probiotic, Bacillus subtilis, at 0 (control), 0.

A Novel Inhalable Dry Powder to Trigger Delivery of Voriconazole for Effective Management of Pulmonary Aspergillosis.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fatal fungal infection with a high mortality rate. Voriconazole (VCZ) is considered a first-line therapy for IPA and shows efficacy in patients for whom other antifungal treatments have been unsuccessful. The objective of this study was to develop a high-potency VCZ-loaded liposomal system in the form of a dry-powder inhaler (DPI) using the spray-drying technique to convert liposomes into a nanocomposite microparticle (NCMP) DPI, formulated using a thin-film hydration technique.

In Vivo Ocular Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity of Siponimod in Albino Rabbits.

Siponimod is a promising agent for the inhibition of ocular neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. Siponimod's development for ophthalmological application is hindered by the limited information available on the drug's solubility, stability, ocular pharmacokinetics (PK), and toxicity in vivo. In this study, we investigated the aqueous stability of siponimod under stress conditions (up to 60 °C) and its degradation behavior in solution.

Epinephrine vs. phenylephrine infusion for prophylaxis against maternal hypotension after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The hemodynamic effects of relatively low-dose epinephrine and phenylephrine infusions during cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia were compared.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial included full-term pregnant women who underwent elective cesarean delivery. After spinal anesthesia, participants received either epinephrine (0.

Prevalence and predictors of post-acute COVID syndrome among infected healthcare workers at University Malaya Medical Centre.

Background: Post Acute COVID Syndrome (PACS), a complex and poorly understood condition characterised by persistent symptoms following the acute phase of COVID-19 infection, has emerged as a significant global health concern. Healthcare workers who had been at the forefront of the pandemic response are at heightened risk of contracting the virus and subsequently developing PACS. Therefore, we aim to determine the prevalence and risk factors for PACS among healthcare workers infected with COVID-19.

Effect of dietary electrolyte balance and arginine to lysine ratio on hematological, antioxidant and immunological traits in dual-purpose breeding hens under cyclic heat stress condition.

A total of 245 hens and 35 cocks (32 weeks age) were assigned to seven treatment groups (five replicates with seven hens and one cock) to investigate the effect of dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) and arginine to lysine ratio (Arg/Lys) on birds' physiological and biochemical traits under cyclic heat stress (CHS) condition. Birds were housed in an environmentally controlled facility having four sectors. The first group (positive control, PC) was kept under thermoneutral conditions and fed diet with DEB of 180 mEq and Arg/Lys of 1.

Effect of counselling intervention on stress and expressed emotions among family caregivers of children with autism.

Parenting a child with autism represents an extraordinary challenge for families, resulting in prominent levels of stress and burden that subsequently affect their expressed emotions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of counseling intervention on stress and expressed emotions among family caregivers of children with autism. The research used a pre-post interventional design, to evaluate 40 family caregivers of children with autism.

The Effect of Community-Based Intervention on Dengue Awareness and Prevention Among Poor Urban Communities in Delhi, India.

Background: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a dengue intervention program in economically deprived urban regions of India, with a particular emphasis on housing conditions and community involvement. Given the global significance of dengue fever as a vector-borne disease, successful vector management requires effective community engagement. A quasi-experimental study.

Functional candesartan loaded lipid nanoparticles for the control of diabetes-associated stroke: In vitro in vivo .

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that raises the odds of developing stroke. Candesartan has been used to prevent stroke due to its inhibitory effects on blood pressure, angiogenesis, oxidative damage, and apoptosis. However, oral candesartan has very limited bioavailability and efficacy due to its weak solubility and slow release.