Delayed-feedback oscillators replicate the dynamics of multiplex networks: Wavefront propagation and stochastic resonance.

The widespread development and use of neural networks have significantly enriched a wide range of computer algorithms and promise higher speed at lower cost. However, the imitation of neural networks by means of modern computing substrates is highly inefficient, whereas physical realization of large scale networks remains challenging. Fortunately, delayed-feedback oscillators, being much easier to realize experimentally, represent promising candidates for the empirical implementation of neural networks and next generation computing architectures.

[Study of the pharmacokinetics of extended release sildenafil].

Purpose Of The Study: Comparison of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug Vildegra registered in the Russian Federation with literature data for the original drug Viagra.

Materials And Methods: Study design: prospective, open-label in healthy volunteers with a single oral dose on an empty stomach. The study included 48 male volunteers aged 18 to 45 years with a verified diagnosis of "healthy.

Optimizing Antimicrobial Peptide Design: Integration of Cell-Penetrating Peptides, Amyloidogenic Fragments, and Amino Acid Residue Modifications.

The escalating threat of multidrug-resistant pathogens necessitates innovative approaches to combat infectious diseases. In this study, we examined peptides R23F*, V31K*, and R44K*, which were engineered to include an amyloidogenic fragment sourced from the S1 protein of , along with one or two cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) components. We assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of these peptides in a liquid medium against various strains of both Gram-positive bacteria, including (209P and 129B strains), MRSA (SA 180 and ATCC 43300 strains), and (strain IP 5832), and Gram-negative bacteria such as (ATCC 28753 and 2943 strains) and (MG1655 and K12 strains).

Aging, Neurodegenerative Disorders, and Cerebellum.

An important part of the central nervous system (CNS), the cerebellum is involved in motor control, learning, reflex adaptation, and cognition. Diminished cerebellar function results in the motor and cognitive impairment observed in patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), and multiple sclerosis (MS), and even during the normal aging process. In most neurodegenerative disorders, impairment mainly occurs as a result of morphological changes over time, although during the early stages of some disorders such as AD, the cerebellum also serves a compensatory function.

[Measuring methods of volumetric changes of soft tissues at dental implants site and tooth recessions site].

The article is a review of literature on various methods for measuring gingival thickness at implant site and tooth recession. The purpose of the study was to analyze existing methods for assessing volumetric changes in soft tissues based on literature data and give recommendations on the choice of methods. The authors analyzed available methods and identified limitations and recommendations for the use of different methods.

Enhancing the Antimicrobial Properties of Peptides through Cell-Penetrating Peptide Conjugation: A Comprehensive Assessment.

Combining antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) has shown promise in boosting antimicrobial potency, especially against Gram-negative bacteria. We examined the CPP-AMP interaction with distinct bacterial types based on cell wall differences. Our investigation focused on AMPs incorporating penetratin CPP and dihybrid peptides containing both cell-penetrating TAT protein fragments from the human immunodeficiency virus and Antennapedia peptide (Antp).

Novel utilization of deep brain stimulation in the pedunculopontine nucleus with globus pallidus internus for treatment of childhood-onset dystonia.

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-documented therapy for dystonia utilized in many adult and pediatric movement disorders. Pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) has been investigated as a DBS target primarily in adult patients with dystonia or dyskinesias from Parkinson's disease, showing improvement in postural instability and gait dysfunction. Due to the difficulty in targeting PPN using standard techniques, it is not commonly chosen as a target for adult or pediatric pathology.

Effects of Treadmill Running at Different Light Cycles in Mice with Metabolic Disorders.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus accounts for about 90% of cases of diabetes and is considered one of the most important problems of our time. Despite a significant number of studies on glucose metabolism, the molecular mechanisms of its regulation in health and disease remain insufficiently studied. That is why non-drug treatment of metabolic disorders is of great relevance, including physical activity.

Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in the diagnosis of diffuse cystic lung disease in Sjögren's syndrome.

Sjögren's syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of various organs with a wide frequency of pulmonary involvement. Diffuse cystic lung disease in Sjögren's syndrome is a rare condition and requires differential diagnosis with other cystic pathologies such as lymphangioleyomiomatosis or Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) is a method of in vivo investigation of airways and lung tissue at a microscopic level during bronchoscopy.

Scale-free avalanches in arrays of FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators.

The activity in the brain cortex remarkably shows a simultaneous presence of robust collective oscillations and neuronal avalanches, where intermittent bursts of pseudo-synchronous spiking are interspersed with long periods of quiescence. The mechanisms allowing for such coexistence are still a matter of an intensive debate. Here, we demonstrate that avalanche activity patterns can emerge in a rather simple model of an array of diffusively coupled neural oscillators with multiple timescale local dynamics in the vicinity of a canard transition.

Stochastic control of spiking activity bump expansion: Monotonic and resonant phenomena.

We consider spatially localized spiking activity patterns, so-called bumps, in ensembles of bistable spiking oscillators. The bistability consists in the coexistence of self-sustained spiking dynamics and a quiescent steady-state regime. We show numerically that the processes of growth or contraction of such patterns can be controlled by varying the intensity of multiplicative noise.

Sex Differences in the Association Between Body Mass Index and Dementia Risk in Community-Dwelling Japanese People Aged 40-74 Years.

Background: The association between body mass index (BMI) and dementia risk is heterogeneous across age groups and might be influenced by sex.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify sex differences in the association between BMI and dementia risk in community-dwelling people.

Methods: This cohort study with an 8-year follow-up targeted 13,802 participants aged 40-74 years at baseline in 2011-2013.

A neo-functionalized homolog of host transmembrane protein controls localization of bacterial endosymbionts in the trypanosomatid Novymonas esmeraldas.

The stability of endosymbiotic associations between eukaryotes and bacteria depends on a reliable mechanism ensuring vertical inheritance of the latter. Here, we demonstrate that a host-encoded protein, located at the interface between the endoplasmic reticulum of the trypanosomatid Novymonas esmeraldas and its endosymbiotic bacterium Ca. Pandoraea novymonadis, regulates such a process.

Multiplexing-based control of stochastic resonance.

We show that multiplexing (Here, the term "multiplexing" means a special network topology where a one-layer network is connected to another one-layer networks through coupling between replica nodes. In the present paper, this term does not refer to the signal processing issues and telecommunications.) allows us to control noise-induced dynamics of multilayer networks in the regime of stochastic resonance.

The Rectifying Contact of Hydrated Different Size YSZ Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronics.

The paper considers the new effects of the nanoscale state of matter, which open up prospects for the development of electronic devices using new physical principles. The contacts of chemically homogeneous nanoparticles of yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide (ZrO2—x mol% Y2O3, x = 0, 3, 4, 8; YSZ) with different sizes of 7.5 nm and 9 nm; 7.

Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and Antiviral Activity Against Vaccinia Virus of 2-(3-Coumarinyl)-1-Hydroxyimidazoles.

Background: In 1980, smallpox became the first viral disease eradicated through vaccination. After the termination of the Smallpox Eradication Program, the global immunization of the population also ceased. Now, most people do not have any immunity against infections caused by orthopoxviruses.

Solitary routes to chimera states.

We show how solitary states in a system of globally coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators can lead to the emergence of chimera states. By a numerical bifurcation analysis of a suitable reduced system in the thermodynamic limit we demonstrate how solitary states, after emerging from the synchronous state, become chaotic in a period-doubling cascade. Subsequently, states with a single chaotic oscillator give rise to states with an increasing number of incoherent chaotic oscillators.

Lipid Microenvironment Modulates the Pore-Forming Ability of Polymyxin B.

The ability of polymyxin B, an antibiotic used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria as a last-line therapeutic option, to form ion pores in model membranes composed of various phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides was studied. Our data demonstrate that polymyxin B predominantly interacts with negatively charged lipids. Susceptibility decreases as follows: Kdo2-Lipid A >> DOPG ≈ DOPS >> DPhPG ≈ TOCL ≈ Lipid A.

Impact of ligand deformation on the P,T-violation effects in the YbOH molecule.

Ytterbium monohydroxide is a promising molecule in the search for new physics. It is well known that levels of opposite parity, separated by energy split, the so-called l-doublets, define the experimental electric field strength required for molecule polarization. In addition, in our previous paper [Phys.

Chromone-Containing Allylmorpholines Influence Ion Channels in Lipid Membranes via Dipole Potential and Packing Stress.

Herein, we report that chromone-containing allylmorpholines can affect ion channels formed by pore-forming antibiotics in model lipid membranes, which correlates with their ability to influence membrane boundary potential and lipid-packing stress. At 100 µg/mL, allylmorpholines , , , and decrease the boundary potential of the bilayers composed of palmitoyloleoylphosphocholine (POPC) by about 100 mV. At the same time, the compounds do not affect the zeta-potential of POPC liposomes, but reduce the membrane dipole potential by 80-120 mV.

Elimination of LRVs Elicits Different Responses in spp.

Leishmaniaviruses (LRVs) have been demonstrated to enhance progression of leishmaniasis, a vector-transmitted disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations that is caused by flagellates of the genus . Here, we used two previously proposed strategies of the LRV ablation to shed light on the relationships of two spp. with their respective viral species (, LRV1 and L.

Top-Layer Engineering Reshapes Charge Transfer at Polar Oxide Interfaces.

Charge-transfer phenomena at heterointerfaces are a promising pathway to engineer functionalities absent in bulk materials but can also lead to degraded properties in ultrathin films. Mitigating such undesired effects with an interlayer reshapes the interface architecture, restricting its operability. Therefore, developing less-invasive methods to control charge transfer will be beneficial.

Leishmania guyanensis M4147 as a new LRV1-bearing model parasite: Phosphatidate phosphatase 2-like protein controls cell cycle progression and intracellular lipid content.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic vector-borne disease caused by the protistan flagellates of the genus Leishmania. Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis is one of the most common causative agents of the American tegumentary leishmaniasis. It has previously been shown that L.