Pain Management Strategies in Intensive Care Unit: Challenges and Best Practice.

Pain management in the ICU (intensive care unit) is a very complex problem which involves a wide variety of conditions, lack of sufficient tools for use, and high personnel to patient ratio. In the last three decades, pain as a clinical issue has become well analyzed, and treatment protocols based on scientific evidence have been established. Besides medication, some non-pharmacological methods such as music therapy, relaxation, and massage have been proven to be very much practical and manageable in pain management of ICU.

Investigating the impact of urban-environmental factors on air pollutants: a land use regression model approach and health risk assessment.

The presence of pollutants in the earth's atmosphere has a direct impact on human health and the environment. So that pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) cause respiratory diseases, cough headache, etc. Since the amount of pollutants in the air is related to environmental and urban factors, the aim of the current research is to investigate the relationship between the concentration of CO, PM and PM with urban-environmental factors including land use, wind speed and wind direction, topography, traffic, road network, and population through a Land use regression (LUR) model.

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Neurodegenerative Disorders; Focus on Alzheimer's Disease.

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have shown great promise in the diagnosis, prediction, treatment plans, and monitoring of neurodegenerative disorders. AI algorithms can analyze huge quantities of data from numerous sources, including medical images, quantifiable proteins in urine, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), genetic information, clinical records, electroencephalography (EEG) signals, driving behaviors, and so forth. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders that progressively damage cognitive abilities and memory.

Analysis of Fatty Acids and Amino Acids of Three Local Freshwater Bagridae Fish Species in the Kampar Kanan River, Indonesia, for Food Security.

Fish have become an irreplaceable dietary source of animal protein, especially among households with low socioeconomic status in rural and urban areas of Indonesia. This study is aimed at analysing the proximate composition, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids of three local Bagridae fish species in the Kampar Kanan river, Indonesia. The standard AOAC method was employed to examine the proximate composition of the carcass, and the analysis of amino acids and fatty acids was conducted through HPLC and GC-MS, respectively.

Identification of loci associated with water use efficiency and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean.

Soybean () production is greatly affected by persistent and/or intermittent droughts in rainfed soybean-growing regions worldwide. Symbiotic N fixation (SNF) in soybean can also be significantly hampered even under moderate drought stress. The objective of this study was to identify genomic regions associated with shoot carbon isotope ratio (δC) as a surrogate measure for water use efficiency (WUE), nitrogen isotope ratio (δN) to assess relative SNF, N concentration ([N]), and carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N).

Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Vanadyl Sulfate on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the major cause of cancer-related death in women. Some studies have indicated the cytotoxic effects of vanadyl oxide sulfate (VOSO4). This study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of VOSO4 in the treatment of MCF-7 cell lines.

Combinatorial treatment with β-glucanase enzyme and chlorhexidine induces cysticidal effects in Acanthamoeba cyst.

Acanthamoeba cysts have a cellulose cell wall made up of a solid layer of β-glucan, which confers resistance to the dormant phase of this microorganism. The ability of Acanthamoeba to change to this dormant phase causes difficulties in treating its infection at the cyst stage as compared to the trophozoite stage. Therefore, targeting cyst total mortality can help to prevent re-infection in patients.

Insights for speed management among Iranian drivers: a social marketing formative research study.

Background: Road traffic crashes are among the leading causes of death and disability in the world, particularly in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed at to conduct a social marketing formative research to inform the development of a campaign to manage driving speed on the intercity roads of Iran.

Methods: To carry out the social marketing formative research, a qualitative and quantitative study were conducted.

Comparison the Emergency Severity Index and Manchester Triage System in Trauma Patients.

Objective: To compare the emergency severity index (ESI) and Manchester triage system (MTS) in trauma patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted by census method in Hasheminejad hospital during 2019. Patients referred to a trauma center triaged by five trained triage nurses based on ESI and MTS.

Examining the Relationship between Salivary Amylase Level, Head Trauma Severity and CT Scan Results in Patients with Isolated Mild Head Trauma.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between salivary amylase level and computed tomoraphy (CT scan) findings in patients with isolated mild traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) referred to the emergency department of Shahid Hasheminejad Hospital.

Methods: Patients with isolated mTBI and indication for brain CT scan who referred to the trauma center of Shahid Hasheminejad Hospital, Mashhad, Iran in 2019 were included in a cross-sectional study. In the initial examination, the patient's level of consciousness was measured using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and saliva samples were taken at the emergency department to determine the level of salivary amylase.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Suprasternal Versus Subxiphoid Ultrasonography for Endotracheal Intubation.

Background: Airway management is an important skill for emergency physicians, and confirmation of correct endotracheal tube (ETT) placement is a crucial component of airway management.

Objectives: Due to the occurrence of incorrect ETT positioning in emergency departments, the present study aimed to compare the diagnostic sensitivity of ultrasound using suprasternal and subxiphoid methods for confirming the correct placement of ETT compared to capnography.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted by examining patients requiring intubation.

Ergonomic risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders in bank staff: an interventional follow-up study in Iran.

Background: Long-term use of computer in a static mode may cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in bank staff. Considering the high number of bank employees in different countries, such as Iran, the risk factors of these disorders should be investigated in order to implement interventions required to reduce the risk factors. This study aimed to examine the risk factors of MSDs using the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) method and to perform an ergonomic intervention program with banking staff in Iran.

Association of Serum Minerals, Vitamin D, Total Protein, and Inflammatory Mediators and Severity of Low Back Pain.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a multifactorial disorder with multiple etiologies, which are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum levels of minerals, total protein, vitamin D (vit D), and inflammatory mediators with LBP and its severity.

Materials And Methods: This case-control study was derived from the study nested in the Fasa Cohort Study.

trehalase enzyme induced morphological and protein alterations on cyst and molecular docking studies.

The cytotoxicity of is yet to fully illustrate due to recalcitrant of during cyst stage. The formation of the trehalose layer at the cyst stage protects the inner components of this opportunist protozoan parasite. Trehalase from the (AnTre) activity on the cyst of was determined based on AnTre dose-response, morphological and protein changes.

Inhibitory effect of thiourea derivatives on the growth of blue-green algae.

High nutrient loading in aquatic environment has become the main causative of harmful algae blooms (HABs) in water resources particularly pond, lake and river. HABs are mostly dominated by microalgae derived from the group of blue-green algae which are capable of releasing harmful toxins. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the inhibitory effects of thiourea derivatives on the growth of such blue-green algae.

Modified wheat straw-derived graphene for the removal of Eriochrome Black T: characterization, isotherm, and kinetic studies.

A cost-effective and environment-benign adsorbent was prepared from an abundant agro-waste material. Wheat straw was reduced to graphene and then modified by crosslinking to epichlorohydrin. During the conversion process of wheat straw to graphene, the specific surface area increased more than 100 times (from 4 to 415 m g).

Occupational exposure to formaldehyde, lifetime cancer probability, and hazard quotient in pathology lab employees in Iran: a quantitative risk assessment.

Formaldehyde is a colorless and highly irritating substance that is used as a preservative and chemical fixative in tissue processing in pathological laboratories. Formaldehyde is mutagenic and is classified by the IARC as the definitive carcinogen (A1 group). This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed to determine the respiratory exposure of 60 employees of pathology labs with formaldehyde and to estimate carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk in Iran in 2018-2019.

Relationship between workplace violence and work stress in the emergency department.

Background: Work place violence (WPV) is one of the workplace factors that can affect many aspects of the emergency staff's life. In this study, we are investigating the relationship between WPV and occupational stress.

Methods: We surveyed emergency department (ED) staff in a cross-sectional study design in three Mashhad Hospitals between 2017 and 2018.

Determination of mis-triage in trauma patients: a systematic review.

Purpose: Mis-triage including undertriage and overtriage is associated with morbidity and mortality. It is not clear what the extent of mis-triage rates among traumatic patients is. The aim of this study is to determine of mis-triage (undertriage and overtriage) in traumatic patients.

Food Consumption, Developmental Time, and Protein Profile of the Digestive System of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleptera: Dryophthoridae) Larvae Reared on Three Different Diets.

The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) is one of the most dangerous pests of major cultivated palms including coconut, oil palm, and sago. The larval stage of the weevil causes the most destruction of the palms as it completely destroys the palm cabbage. In this study, the larvae were given three different diets-coconut cabbage, oil palm cabbage, and sago stem, under laboratory conditions for food consumption and developmental time experiment.

The knowledge of hand hygiene among the healthcare workers of two teaching hospitals in Mashhad.

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) affect millions of patients worldwide annually. Hand hygiene (HH) has been identified as the single most important factor preventing HAIs. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge regarding hand hygiene practices amongst health care workers, and identifying the areas of gaps in their knowledge.

The accuracy of acuity scoring tools to predict 24-h mortality in traumatic brain injury patients: A guide to triage criteria.

Background And Aim: Prompt identification of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is vital for patients in critical condition; however, it is not clear which acuity scoring tools are associated with short-term mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of acuity scoring tools and 24-h mortality among TBI patients in both prehospital and hospital settings.

Methods: This study was an observational, prospective cohort, in which patients with TBI were followed from the accident scene to the hospital.