The clinico-epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of methadone poisoning: a registry-based clinical study.

Objectives: Methadone is a long-acting synthetic agonist of opioid receptors, which is used as an analgesic and as an alternative treatment in opioid-dependent patients. Clinical manifestations of methadone poisoning include miotic pupils, low levels of consciousness (LOC), respiratory depression or apnea, and coma and death. Considering the high consumption of methadone in society and the prevalent instances of overdose and poisoning, whether accidental or intentional, the authors decided to investigate the clinico-epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic characteristics of methadone poisoning in the Mazandaran province, northern Iran, from 2020 to 2022.

Extrapyramidal Syndrome due to Aripiprazole Overdose in a Young Woman: An Unusual Case Report.

Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic medication indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. The drug has been shown to exhibit acceptable efficacy and is often preferred as a first-line psychiatric treatment option owing to its lower incidence of adverse effects. While first-generation antipsychotics are associated with extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS), atypical antipsychotics such as aripiprazole are generally associated with a lower frequency of EPS.

Neuropsychiatric manifestations due to anticholinergic agents and anabolic steroids ingestion: A case series and literature review.

Anticholinergic toxicity is a common occurrence in the emergency room, making it crucial for emergency clinicians to have a good understanding of this toxidrome. The neuropsychiatric effects of anticholinergic agents and anabolic steroids (ASs) can manifest as symptoms like anxiety, agitation, dysarthria, confusion, seizures, visual hallucinations, bizarre behavior, delirium, psychosis, and coma. When dealing with a conscious patient who has ingested an anticholinergic substance, a detailed history of ingestion can aid clinicians in making an accurate diagnosis.

A deep learning-based model for detecting Leishmania amastigotes in microscopic slides: a new approach to telemedicine.

Background: Leishmaniasis, an illness caused by protozoa, accounts for a substantial number of human fatalities globally, thereby emerging as one of the most fatal parasitic diseases. The conventional methods employed for detecting the Leishmania parasite through microscopy are not only time-consuming but also susceptible to errors. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to develop a model based on deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, that could facilitate automated diagnosis of leishmaniasis.

Management of organophosphorus poisoning and the role of magnesium sulfate: A scoping review of literature.

Organophosphorus agents are easily absorbed via respiratory, gastrointestinal, and dermal routes, and inhibit the acetylcholine transferase enzyme (AChE), which is responsible for the majority of toxicity caused by organophosphates in the body. A comprehensive search was conducted across three prominent databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct, to identify relevant articles published. The search focused on the keywords "MgSO4" or "magnesium sulfate" in conjunction with "organophosphate" or "organophosphate poisoning.

Massive intracerebral hemorrhage following methamphetamine poisoning in a man: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Methamphetamine (MAP) is a highly addictive stimulant known to have detrimental effects on the brain and various physiological systems, including an elevation in heart rate and blood pressure. Additionally, MAP use has been linked to the development of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a serious and potentially fatal condition that is notably prevalent among young individuals.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 42-year-old man who suffered a massive ICH due to hypertension resulting from MAP poisoning.

Epidemiological Aspects of Opioid Poisoning in Northern Iran: A Registry-Based Clinical Study.

Opioids are a class of drugs that are commonly used to manage pain due to their analgesic and sedative effects. However, the high consumption of opioids in the community has led to an increase in the incidence of overdoses and poisonings caused by various types of these drugs, whether intentional or unintentional. Therefore, comprehending the epidemiological features of patients experiencing opioid poisoning is crucial.

Potential diagnostic application of a novel deep learning- based approach for COVID-19.

COVID-19 is a highly communicable respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which has had a significant impact on global public health and the economy. Detecting COVID-19 patients during a pandemic with limited medical facilities can be challenging, resulting in errors and further complications. Therefore, this study aims to develop deep learning models to facilitate automated diagnosis of COVID-19 from CT scan records of patients.

Fatal peritonitis due to gastric perforation in a male heroin addict: A case report and literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Perforation of hollow organs, such as the stomach, within the abdomen can lead to the development of acute abdomen, a critical and potentially life-threatening condition. It is important to note that there is currently insufficient information available regarding the specific effects of heroin, an illegal substance commonly abused, in causing this particular complication.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 32-year-old male who is addicted to heroin and was admitted to an addiction rehabilitation center with the aim of overcoming his addiction.

The clinico-epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of methanol poisoning: A five-year retrospective study, northern Iran.

Introduction: Methanol poisoning (MP) is a serious health issue that has become more prevalent in recent years and has resulted in numerous deaths. Early detection and timely treatment are critical for preventing fatalities and reducing the incidence of neurological complications.

Patients And Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective investigation with the purpose of analyzing the clinico-epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of patients who were admitted to two training hospitals in northern Iran due to MP.

Accidental vitamin D3 overdose in a young man.

Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a fat-soluble vitamin that can accumulate in the body and lead to toxicity by increasing 25(OH) D levels when consumed in large amounts. Maintaining 25(OH) D levels greater than 30 ng/mL is crucial for overall health due to the significant role of vitamin D in the body. The most common causes of VD3 intoxication are manufacturing errors or self-administration.

Nasal Leishmaniasis Misdiagnosed With Intranasal Polyp in a Patient Candidate for Rhinoplasty.

Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is a chronic and rare form of leishmaniasis that causes malignant lesions in the mucosa of the nasal, pharyngeal, and laryngeal regions. We describe a 29-year-old woman who had been suffering from an intranasal polyp for 3 years. The polyp recurred annually after surgical removal, and was diagnosed as nasal leishmaniasis.

Respiratory and intestinal trichobezoar in a female: An unusual case report and literature review.

Trichobezoars are hairballs in the gastrointestinal tract that usually develop due to the consumption of hair after pulling it. However, some rare case reports suggest that trichobezoar can also occur in the respiratory system. In this context, we present an unusual case of a 25-year-old woman who experienced dyspnea, productive cough, and leukocytosis.

Massive dermal ulcerative lesions due to brown recluse spider bite: a rare case report and review of literature.

A brown recluse spider (BRS) bite is challenging to confirm, but may be clinically diagnosed by considering the location, the season of the year, and the clinical manifestations. Here, the case of a 26-year-old male who presented after an insect bite with a skin lesion, bruising, severe swelling, and diffuse blisters on the right lower extremity after three days, is described. Following clinical examination, patient history assessment, and consideration of other relevant factors, the patient received a differential diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis caused by BRS bite.

Tramadol poisoning and its management and complications: a scoping review.

Unlabelled: Tramadol (TR) is an opioid agonist (μ-opioid receptors) that also affects the noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. TR is a synthetic analgesic substance with opioid agonist properties that has been approved for pain management by affecting the central nervous system.

Objective: The primary objective of this scoping review was to determine the poisoning consequences of TR and its associated symptom management techniques, as well as its effect on opioid and non-opioid receptors, metabolism, and complications on various organ systems.

Massive dermal ulcerative lesions because of brown recluse spider bite: a rare case report and review of literature.

A brown recluse spider (BRS) bite is challenging to confirm, but can be clinically diagnosed by considering the location, the season of the year and the clinical manifestations. We described a 26-year-old male who presented after a BRS bite with a skin lesion, bruising, severe swelling and diffuse blisters on the right lower extremity after 3 days. This case should be considered in the differential diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis.

Fatal outcome due to aluminum phosphide poisoning in an old man with a psychiatric disorder as a latent post-COVID-19 challenge: A case report.

Aluminum phosphide is a metal phosphide widely implemented as a pesticide. In the country of Iran, it is recognized by the colloquial name of rice pill. Any trace of accidental or intentional ingestion of aluminum phosphidecan result in severe hemodynamic disorders and metabolic acidosis, ultimately leading to the patient's mortality.

Ruptured pulmonary hydatid cyst and lophomoniasis comorbidity in a young man: a rare case.

Hydatidosis is a parasitic and zoonotic infection caused by the larval stage of Cysts of this parasite involve almost all the organs of the human body, especially the liver and lungs. Asymptomatic cases may develop into symptomatic pulmonary hydatidosis due to the rupture of hydatid cysts. as causative agents of pulmonary lophomoniasis, is an emerging protozoan that mostly infects the lower respiratory airways.

Compartment syndrome following snakebite in a boy: A case report and literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Snake bites represent a significant public health issue worldwide, as venomous snake bites can result in lethal consequences if not treated promptly, including both local and systemic effects. The local symptoms of a snake bite commonly include tissue necrosis, edema, and compartment syndrome (CS). While CS is a rare complication following a snake bite, it may be more pronounced in children who typically have lower total dilution volume.

Lead poisoning with unusual manifestations in an opium-addicted man.

One of the contributing causes of hypertension or exacerbation of ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been suggested to be environmental pollution and occupational exposure to particular metals, such as lead. Here, we describe a 43-year-old man with a history of oral opium with symptoms of IHD due to chest pain.

The prevalence of substance use among drivers with traffic injuries in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran.

Background: Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are one of the main causes of mortality in developing countries. Although the association between alcohol and the risk of MVA has been known for a long time, only a few studies have been conducted on driving following substance consumption in a short period of time. This is while narcotic and stimulant use seems to be a threat to traffic safety and a serious health concern for substance users.