Role of pre-operative endovascular embolization of a giant sacrococcygeal teratoma in neonate: a case report.

Background: Giant sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCTs) are at risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality due to their high vascularity. Pre-operative embolization of the feeding arteries, prior to complete surgical resection, may assist in minimizing the intraoperative blood loss by occluding these feeding arteries.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a highly vascular giant SCT in a neonate, which was successfully embolized through an endovascular approach prior to surgery.

Success Rate of Adrenal Venous Sampling and its Determining Factors: Experience of a Single Center in Malaysia.

Background: Primary hyperaldosteronism has been regarded as the commonest and potentially curable cause of secondary hypertension in up to 80% of cases if this condition is detected early. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy proved to be a promising curable method for primary hyperaldosteronism secondary to aldosterone producing adenoma, while primary hyperaldosteronism secondary to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia requires optimization of medical treatment. Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) has been recommended by the Endocrine Society's guideline in addressing the subtypes of primary hyperaldosteronism.

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of malignant lung nodules in tuberculosis endemic area in a single tertiary centre.

Background: Lung nodule management remains a challenge to clinicians, especially in endemic tuberculosis areas. Different guidelines are available with various recommendations; however, the suitability of these guidelines for the Asian population is still unclear. Our study described the prevalence of malignant lung nodules among nodules measuring 2-30 mm, the demographic and characteristics of lung nodules between benign and malignant groups, and the clinician's clinical practice in managing lung nodules.

Awareness of Medical Doctors in Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia on Diagnostic Radiological Examination Related Radiation Exposure in the Pediatric Population.

Background: When exposed to equal radiation doses, the risks for children and adolescents are more significant than for adults. Children grow quickly, and their cells are more sensitive to radiation. After radiation exposure, children have a higher risk of developing malignancies such as leukemia, thyroid abnormalities, and various types of cancers.

Effects of Different Scan Duration on Brain Effective Connectivity among Default Mode Network Nodes.

Background: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) can evaluate brain functional connectivity without requiring subjects to perform a specific task. This rs-fMRI is very useful in patients with cognitive decline or unable to respond to tasks. However, long scan durations have been suggested to measure connectivity between brain areas to produce more reliable results, which are not clinically optimal.

A Survey of Awareness of Parents and Caretakers on Diagnostic Radiological Examination Related Radiation Exposure in a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia.

Background: With the advancement in medical imaging, radiological application in the paediatric population has also increased. Children, generally more radiosensitive, have a higher risk of developing certain malignancies. Therefore, this may result in uneasiness among parents and caretakers when their children need to undergo medical imaging examination.

Outcomes of Prostate Artery Embolisation in Patients with Severe Symptoms of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is associated with severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The severity of LUTS is assessed by the International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS). Prostate artery embolisation (PAE) is a newly available method for combating LUTS.

The effects of intravenous infusion of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with subacute middle cerebral artery infarct: a phase 2 randomized controlled trial on safety, tolerability and efficacy.

Background Aims: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are characterized by paracrine and immunomodulatory functions capable of changing the microenvironment of damaged brain tissue toward a more regenerative and less inflammatory milieu. The authors conducted a phase 2, single-center, assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) in patients with subacute middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarct.

Methods: Patients aged 30-75 years who had severe ischemic stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score of 10-35) involving the MCA territory were recruited within 2 months of stroke onset.

Adult Transglottic Haemangioma with Upper Airway Obstruction: Preservation of Airway and Voice.

Adult laryngeal haemangioma is normally seen in the supraglottic or glottic region. Transglottic haemangioma is unusual, and treatment with primary endolaryngeal surgical excision may lead to undesirable bleeding and poor voice outcomes. A 25-year-old female presented with hoarseness and progressive upper airway obstruction symptoms.

Management Options and Outcome of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation in Pregnancy: Case Series.

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare entity with an estimated prevalence of 0.01-0.05% in the general population.

Special Ultrasound Phantom for Interventional Training: Construction, Advantages, and Application.

Interventional radiology procedures are becoming more challenging over time; thus, there is a need for excellent and reliable training methods. Training on live patients is neither safe nor an ethical solution. Alternatives are many and varied, but the most popular is ultrasound guided simulators.

A Case of Persistent Urogenital Sinus: Pitfalls and challenges in diagnosis.

Persistent urogenital sinus (PUGS) is a rare anomaly whereby the urinary and genital tracts fail to separate during embryonic development. We report a three-year-old female child who was referred to the Sabah Women & Children Hospital, Sabah, Malaysia, in 2016 with a pelvic mass. She had been born prematurely at 36 gestational weeks via spontaneous vaginal delivery in 2013 and initially misdiagnosed with neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

Ophthalmic artery occlusion following neuro-embolization of the external carotid artery, a case report.

Background: Embozene® is a new neuroembolizing microsphere used to reduce intraoperative bleeding for head and neck tumours. We report a case of iatrogenic ophthalmic artery occlusion after Embozene® embolization of the external carotid artery (ECA).

Case Presentation: A 22-year-old African gentleman presented with left nasal obstruction and epistaxis for 2 years and was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Improvement of bone turnover markers and bone mineral density following treatment of primary aldosteronism.

Background: Recent studies showed association between hyperaldosteronism and low bone density among patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) due to secondary hyperparathyroidism. Our objective is to assess bone turnover markers (BTM) and bone mineral density (BMD) of PA patients compared to essential hypertension.

Methods: This was an open-label, prospective, case-controlled study, conducted over 12 months.

Image-guided chemoport insertion by interventional radiologists: A single-center experience on periprocedural complications.

Purpose: To report our early experience in image-guided chemoport insertions by interventional radiologists.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary center with 161 chemoport insertions done from June 2008 to June 2010. The chemoports were inserted either at the angiography suite or at the mobile operation theater unit.

Value of CT pulmonary arteriography and venography in the evaluation of venous thromboembolism in a multiracial Asian population.

Background: There is increasing evidence that CT pulmonary arteriography and venography allow a better diagnostic yield for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in suspected acute pulmonary embolism (PE). The aim was to investigate the value for using such an approach in a multiracial Asian population.

Methods: A total of 135 consecutive subjects with clinically suspected PE in various clinical settings (postoperative in 23 subjects) were referred and evaluated for venous thromboembolism using CT pulmonary arteriography and venography in a tertiary hospital, Malaysia.

Isolated blunt lingual artery injury secondary to a road traffic accident: diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

Neurologic and airway compromise as a result of traumatic vascular injuries to the neck region often lead to more severe complications and thus require special consideration. Furthermore, these cases pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to healthcare providers. Here, we report a case of a 28-year-old motorcyclist presenting with progressively enlarged Zone 2 neck swelling on the left side following a high impact collision.

The vanishing veins: difficult venous access in a patient requiring translumbar, transhepatic, and transcollateral central catheter insertion.

Central venous catheter placement is indicated in patients requiring long-term therapy. With repeated venous catheterisations, conventional venous access sites can be exhausted. This case illustrates the expanding role of radiology in managing difficult venous access.

Y-stent-assisted coil embolisation of wide-necked aneurysms using a new fully retrievable and detachable intracranial stent: report of two cases.

Endovascular treatment of wide-necked aneurysms poses a challenge for the endovascular therapist. The Y-stent-assisted technique has been used for stent-assisted coil embolisation for wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. This technique has been described for basilar tip aneurysms and middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms using Neuroform and Enterprise stents.

Superselective embolisation in acute lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage: a single institution experience.

Background: Superselective embolisation has been recognised as integral in the management of lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage. It has also reduced the need for emergency surgery. The objective of this case series was to describe the lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage cases seen in our centre, its diagnosis and the role of superselective embolisation in patient management.