Efficacy of melatonin for treatment and prevention of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: a systematic review.

The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available literature evaluating the use of melatonin for preventing and treating neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). A systematic review of studies examining the effect of melatonin on neonatal NEC was conducted. The databases of Medline, Scopus, WOS, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant studies.

Proxy medical decision-making: national survey.

Objectives: Population ageing and increased care needs lead to adults making consequential medical decisions for others, potentially impacting treatment and end of life. We aim to describe the prevalence of medical decision-making by proxy among the national population and associated demographic and care factors.

Methods: We designed a cross-sectional online survey with a nationally representative adult cohort with an 80% participation rate.

Overcoming Technical Complexities in Late Coronary Stent Thrombosis: A Clinical Report.

Complex bifurcation lesions often requiring a two-stent revascularization approach mean more metal, a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, and added difficulties in the case of late complications, such as in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis. In this article, we report a case of late stent thrombosis in a 56-year-old patient who had left main (LM) and left anterior descending (LAD) left circumflex arteries with T and small protrusion technique percutaneous intervention (PCI) one year before her admission with hemodynamic compromise and no access to urgent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We discuss challenging and high-risk PCI with limited resources, and the result was satisfactory with a favorable outcome.

Molecular targeting of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes in high-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia patients: a randomized phase II trial of vismodegib, ribavirin with or without decitabine.

Drug resistance underpins poor outcomes in many malignancies including refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML). Glucuronidation is a common mechanism of drug inactivation impacting many AML therapies, e.g.

Homogeneous photochemical water oxidation with metal salophen complexes in neutral media.

The development of water oxidation catalysts based on Earth-abundant metals that can function at neutral pH remains a basic chemical challenge. Here, we report that salophen complexes with Ni(ii), Cu(ii), and Mn(ii) can catalyse photochemical water oxidation to molecular oxygen in the presence of [Ru(bpy)] as a photosensitizer and NaSO as an oxidant in phosphate buffer of pH 7.0.

Active-site mTOR inhibitors augment HSV1-dICP0 infection in cancer cells via dysregulated eIF4E/4E-BP axis.

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV1) is amongst the most clinically advanced oncolytic virus platforms. However, efficient and sustained viral replication within tumours is limiting. Rapamycin can stimulate HSV1 replication in cancer cells, but active-site dual mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and 2) inhibitors (asTORi) were shown to suppress the virus in normal cells.

Metformin requires 4E-BPs to induce apoptosis and repress translation of Mcl-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Metformin inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway, which is frequently upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Metformin has also been shown to induce apoptosis in this cancer. Here, we investigate whether metformin-induced apoptosis in HCC is mediated by the downstream mTORC1 effectors eukaryotic initiation factor 4E and (eIF4E)-binding proteins (4E-BPs).

S6K-STING interaction regulates cytosolic DNA-mediated activation of the transcription factor IRF3.

Cytosolic DNA-mediated activation of the transcription factor IRF3 is a key event in host antiviral responses. Here we found that infection with DNA viruses induced interaction of the metabolic checkpoint kinase mTOR downstream effector and kinase S6K1 and the signaling adaptor STING in a manner dependent on the DNA sensor cGAS. We further demonstrated that the kinase domain, but not the kinase function, of S6K1 was required for the S6K1-STING interaction and that the TBK1 critically promoted this process.

Microtubule disruption synergizes with oncolytic virotherapy by inhibiting interferon translation and potentiating bystander killing.

In this study, we show that several microtubule-destabilizing agents used for decades for treatment of cancer and other diseases also sensitize cancer cells to oncolytic rhabdoviruses and improve therapeutic outcomes in resistant murine cancer models. Drug-induced microtubule destabilization leads to superior viral spread in cancer cells by disrupting type I IFN mRNA translation, leading to decreased IFN protein expression and secretion. Furthermore, microtubule-destabilizing agents specifically promote cancer cell death following stimulation by a subset of infection-induced cytokines, thereby increasing viral bystander effects.

mTORC1 controls mitochondrial activity and biogenesis through 4E-BP-dependent translational regulation.

mRNA translation is thought to be the most energy-consuming process in the cell. Translation and energy metabolism are dysregulated in a variety of diseases including cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. However, the mechanisms that coordinate translation and energy metabolism in mammals remain largely unknown.

The endonuclease IV family of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases are versatile DNA repair enzymes that possess a variety of nucleolytic activities, including endonuclease activity at AP sites, 3' phosphodiesterase activity that can remove a variety of ligation-blocking lesions from the 3' end of DNA, endonuclease activity on oxidative DNA lesions, and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity. There are two families of AP endonucleases, named for the bacterial counterparts endonuclease IV (EndoIV) and exonuclease III (ExoIII). While ExoIII family members are present in all kingdoms of life, EndoIV members exist in lower organisms but are curiously absent in plants, mammals and some other vertebrates.

Caenorhabditis elegans APN-1 plays a vital role in maintaining genome stability.

We previously showed that Caenorhabditis elegans APN-1, the only metazoan apurinic/apyrimidinc (AP) endonuclease belonging to the endonuclease IV family, can functionally rescue the DNA repair defects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants completely lacking AP endonuclease/3'-diesterase activities. While this complementation study provided the first evidence that APN-1 possesses the ability to act on DNA lesions that are processed by AP endonucleases/3'-diesterase activities, no former studies were conducted to examine its biological importance in vivo. Herein, we show that C.

(E)-4-Octyloxybenzaldehyde thio-semicarbazone.

In the title compound, C(16)H(25)N(3)OS, the thio-semicarbazone group adopts an E configuration with respect to the C=N bond and is almost coplanar with the benzene ring, forming a dihedral angle of 9.3 (1)°. In the crystal packing, the mol-ecules lie along the a axis in an anti-parallel arrangement and are held in place by van der Waals inter-actions.

Bis[benzyl N'-(3-phenyl-prop-2-enyl-idene)hydrazinecarbodithio-ato-κN',S]zinc(II).

In the title Zn(II) complex, [Zn(C(17)H(15)N(2)S(2))(2)], the Zn(II) atom lies on a twofold rotation axis. It exists in a tetra-hedral geometry, chelated by two deprotonated Schiff base ligands. The dihedral angle between each ligand is 71.

Adducts of 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane with carboxylic acids: hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structures in two or three dimensions.

Four solvated salt-type adducts derived from cyclam (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) and carboxylic acids have been structurally characterized. In the salt derived from adamantane-1-carboxylic acid, 4,11-diaza-1,8-diazoniacyclotetradecane bis(adamantane-1-carboxylate) tetrahydrate, (1) (monoclinic, P2(1)/c, Z' = 0.5), where the cation lies across a centre of inversion, the anions and the water molecules form chains of edge-fused R(4)(2)(8) and R(6)(6)(16) rings, which are linked into sheets by the cations.

Adducts of hexamethylenetetramine with ferrocenecarboxylic acid and ferrocene-1,1'-dicarboxylic acid: multiple disorder in space groups Fmm2 and Cmcm.

Hexamethylenetetramine, C(6)H(12)N(4), and ferrocenecarboxylic acid, C(11)H(10)FeO(2), form a 1:2 adduct, (I), which is a salt, viz. hexamethylenetetraminium(2+) bis(ferrocenecarboxylate), (C(6)H(14)N(4))[Fe(C(5)H(5))(C(6)H(4)O(2))](2). The dication in (I) is disordered with two orientations at a site of mm2 symmetry in space group Fmm2, while the anion lies across a mirror plane with its unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ring disordered over two sets of sites.

(1R,3S)-Camphoric acid as a building block in supramolecular chemistry: adducts with organic polyamines.

(1R,3S)-Camphoric acid [(1R,3S)-1,2,2,-trimethylcyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid, C(10)H(16)O(4)] forms adducts with a range of amines in which the acid component may be the neutral molecule, the mono-anion (C(10)H(15)O(4))(-) or the di-anion (C(10)H(14)O(4))(2-). The structures generated by the hard hydrogen bonds take the form of chains in the 1:1 adducts (II) and (III) formed with 4,4'-bipyridyl and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane. There are single sheets in the hydrated 1:1 adduct (IV) formed with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.

Ferrocene-1,1'-dicarboxylic acid as a building block in supramolecular chemistry: supramolecular structures in one, two and three dimensions.

The supramolecular structures have been determined for nine adducts formed between organic diamines and ferrocene-1,1'-dicarboxylic acid. In the salt-like 1:1 adduct (1) formed with methylamine, the supramolecular structure is one-dimensional, whereas in the 1:1 adducts formed with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.

N,N'-Dithiobisphthalimide-1,4-dioxan (1/0.6): a C2/c solvate with disordered solvent molecules localized in channels.

N,N'-Dithiobisphthalimide crystallizes from 1,4-dioxan solution as a solvate, 3C(16)H(8)N(2)O(4)S(2) x 1.8C(4)H(8)O(2), having space group C2/c. Four of the 12 C(16)H(8)N(2)O(4)S(2) molecules in the unit cell lie on twofold rotation axes, while the other eight lie in general positions.

Adducts of 1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane with diamines: three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded frameworks formed with 1,6-diaminohexane and 2,2'-bipyridyl.

The adduct 1,6-diaminohexane-1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane (1/2) is a salt (hexane-1,6-diyldiammonium-4-[1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]phenolate (1/2)), C(6)H(18)N(2)2+ x 2C(20)H(17)O(3)(-), in which the cation lies across a centre of inversion in space group P-1. The anions are linked by two short O-H* * *O hydrogen bonds [H* * *O 1.74 and 1.

Polymorphs and pseudopolymorphs of N,N'-dithiobisphthalimide.

N,N'-Dithiobisphthalimide, C(16)H(8)N(2)O(4)S(2) (I), forms a wide range of polymorphs and solvates (pseudopolymorphs). When (I) is crystallized from methanol it yields a solvent-free polymorph (4), in Pna2(1) with Z' = 1, in which the molecules are linked into chains by a single C-H.O hydrogen bond: crystallization from either acetonitrile or dimethylformamide produces a monoclinic polymorph (5), in P2(1)/c with Z' = 2, also solvent-free, in which the molecules are linked into molecular ladders.