Improvement of a low-cost protocol for a simultaneous comparative evaluation of hydrolytic activity between sessile and planktonic cells: as a study model.

is often implicated in nosocomial infections with fatal consequences. Its virulence is contributed to hydrolytic enzymes and biofilm formation. Previous research focused on studying these virulence factors individually.

Biofouling of reverse osmosis membranes: assessment by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and microscopic imaging.

The decline in the performance of spiral-wound reverse osmosis (SWRO) membranes is frequently due to biofouling. This study focus on qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of SWRO membrane biofouling. Bacterial counts on the different surfaces of the fouled membranes were carried out.

Identification of bacterial biofilms on desalination reverse osmosis membranes from the mediterranean sea.

Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis are two of the most effective surface water treatment processes. They provide water of high quality and eliminate a large amount of microorganisms, organic matter and micropollutants. However, the main limitation of membrane nanofiltration is fouling, which imposes an additional cost.