Comparison of leaf anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics between weedy rice and cultivated rice at the seedling stage.

To explore the internal factors related to the strong growth and competitive ability of weedy rice during the seedling period, we collected two biotypes of Japonica weedy rice from Northeast China, four biotypes of Indica weedy rice from Eastern China and Southern China, and two biotypes of cultivated rice, Zhendao-8 (ZD-8) and Shanyou-63 (SY-63), which were used as controls in a pot experiment. Under homogeneous garden planting conditions, we measured the vascular bundle size (VBS), vascular bundle number (VBN), leaf thickness (LT), air cavity size (ACS), stomatal size (SS), stomatal density (SD), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of the weedy and cultivated rice biotypes. A comprehensive analysis was performed to explore the correlation between the seedling leaf structure and the photosynthetic indices of the biotypes.

Photosynthesis capacity and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of the Isodon rubescens (Hemsley) H. Hara stem.

The biomass of Isodon rubescens stems is greater than that of the leaves. The stems possess a considerable surface area, although less than that of the leaves. The photosynthetic rates, light response curves and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of the stems were determined in this study to clarify their photosynthetic capacity and photosynthetic potential.

Evaluate the photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.

The diurnal variation of photosynthesis, light response curve and CO response curve in Epimedium brevicornu Maxim leaves were determined with Li-6400 photosynthesis system to evaluate the photosynthesis of E. brevicornu. Fluorescence of chlorophyll in the leaves were determined with PAM-2500 portable chlorophyll fluorescence apparatus in the study.

Effects of water extracts of Flaveria bidentis on the seed germination and seedling growth of three plants.

To further explore the mechanism behind the allelopathic effects of Flaveria bidentis, we investigated the allelopathic effects of water extracts from Flaveria bidentis leaves on three plants, Shanghai green, barnyard grass and wheat. The results showed that the water extracts inhibited the germination potential, germination rate, seedling height, root length, chlorophyll content, fresh weight and dry weight of the three plants, and increasing the extract concentration further increased the inhibitory effect. The allelopathic effects of the water extracts from Flaveria bidentis leaves on the three receptor plants differed in strength from strong to weak as follows: Shanghai green > barnyard grass > wheat.

Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Isodon rubescens (Hemsley) H. Hara.

The ecological and economic cultivation of Isodon rubescens is currently being carried out. The demand of I. rubescens for light intensity should be made clear to estimate whether the environmental conditions of an area are suitable for cultivating I.

An endophytic fungus efficiently producing paclitaxel isolated from Taxus wallichiana var. mairei.

Paclitaxel is a medicinal ingredient with high anticancer activity and widely used in hospitals and clinics. In this study, we isolate endophytic fungi efficiently producing paclitaxel from yew for the purpose of paclitaxel manufacture.The bark of Taxus wallichiana var.

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The endangered causes of Taxus chinensis var. maireiin the Taihang Mountains are analyzed in three sides in connection with the situation that is resources increasing attenuation.The first is biological factors such as pollination barriers, deeply dormancy seed, cannot vegetative propagation under natural conditions, poor adaptability of seedling to environment and slow growth.

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS PRODUCING PACLITAXEL FROM TAXUS WALLICHIANA VAR MAIREI.

The objective of this study was to isolate endophytic fungi producing paclitaxel from yew for the purpose of paclitaxel manufacture. Surface sterilized bark of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei was used as source material and potato dextrose agar culture medium was used in isolation of endophytic fungi.

STUDY ON THE DIFFERENCES OF MAJOR PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS IN DIFFERENT PARTS AND PROCESSED MEDICINAL MATERIAL OF EPIMEDIUM BREVICORNU MAXIM IN TAIHANG MOUNTAIN.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the medicinal values of different parts of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. and the effect of processing on major pharmaceutical ingredients in it. The contents of icariin and epimedin C in different parts and processed medicinal material of E.

Isolation and identification of a 10-deacetyl baccatin-III-producing endophyte from Taxus wallichiana.

Endophytic fungi of inner root bark of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei were investigated in order to find endophytes producing 10-DABIII (10-deacetyl baccatin III). Purified colonies were cultured in potato dextrose broth (PDB), and then the organic extracts from fungi were analyzed with HPLC, LC-MS, and (1)H NMR.

Genetic and component content differentiation between wild and cultivated populations of Paeonia lactiflora and related species used as Chishao and Baishao in China.

One hundred and forty-four samples of Chishao and Baishao, which represented six species of Paeonia L. were evaluated for their genetic variation, genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationship, based on the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Samples from representative of the population were then used to do a cultivation comparison experiment, and then to identify the contents of the active ingredients.

Comprehensive quality evaluation of Chishao by HPLC.

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Chishao.

Methods: In the experiment of this paper, the fingerprint spectrums of Chishao in all locations are established by RP-HPLC and the model of principle component analysis with the RP-HPLC peak areas is established.

Results: The quality of Chishao in the northern part of China or that made of Paeonia lactiflora is better than that of these in others or that made of other species.

Isolation of an endophytic fungus producing baccatin III from Taxus wallichiana var. mairei.

The objective of this study was to isolate endophytic fungi producing baccatin III from yew for the purpose of baccatin III and paclitaxel manufacture. Surface sterilized bark of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei was used as source material with potato dextrose agar culture medium for isolation of endophytic fungi.

Selection for high oridonin yield in the Chinese medicinal plant Isodon (Lamiaceae) using a combined phylogenetics and population genetics approach.

Oridonin is a diterpenoid with anti-cancer activity that occurs in the Chinese medicinal plant Isodon rubescens and some related species. While the bioactivity of oridonin has been well studied, the extent of natural variation in the production of this compound is poorly known. This study characterizes natural variation in oridonin production in order to guide selection of populations of Isodon with highest oridonin yield.

[Determination of mineral elements utilization of Paeonia lactiflora Pall by ICP-AES].

The contents of K, Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, Cu and so on in the roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall and in the soil in which they grew were determined by ICP-AES technique to study the mineral elements utilization of P. lactiflora Pall. The results indicate that the elements utilization rate of P.

[RP-HPLC determination of main chemical components in different parts and different harvest periods of Paeonia lactiflora].

The contents of gallic acid, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid and paeonol extracted in different growth years, collecting season and of different parts of Paeonia lactiflora were determined. The results showed that the contents of catechin and paeoniflorin in Paeonia lactiflora collected in autumn are the highest, and the contents of benzoic acid was lower than that of those collected at other time. The longer is the age of Paeonia lactiflora, the higher is the contents of catechin and paeoniflorin.

[Comparative research on pharmacognostic characteristics and microscopic characteristics of Radix Paeoniae Rubra from different areas].

Objective: To compare pharmacognostic characteristics and microscopic characteristics of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (chishao) from different areas.

Method: Pharmacognostic characteristics and microscopic characteristics of Radix Paeoniae Rubra were compared by microscope count methods.

Result: Chishao in duolun was more straighter and longer, cortex with a set of closely spaced rill, peel off easily, pink section, etc.