Assessment and predictive analysis of health professions students' proficiency in health economics and pharmacoeconomics in Southwest China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study addresses the growing importance of health economics and pharmacoeconomics in preparing healthcare professionals for economic decision-making, particularly in China's evolving healthcare system. Despite their significance, these subjects are inconsistently included in health education in Southwest China, making it crucial to assess students' proficiency and educational needs.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2023, involving medical and pharmaceutical programs across universities in Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, and Yunnan.

Efficacy of epidural esketamine on postoperative sleep quality after laparoscopic and robotic lower abdominal surgeries: a study protocol for randomised, double-blind, controlled trial.

Introduction: Postoperative sleep disturbances significantly impair postoperative recovery. The administration of intravenous esketamine has been shown to potentially improve postoperative sleep quality. However, the effectiveness of epidural esketamine in improving postoperative sleep quality remains to be elucidated.