Hoven's carp strategized metabolism needs to cope with changing environment.

Current water warming and freshwater acidification undoubtedly affect the life of aquatic animals especially ammonotelic teleost by altering their physiological responses. The effect of temperature (28 °C vs 32 °C) and pH (7 vs. 5) on the metabolic compromising strategies of Hoven's carp () was investigated in this study.

High environmental temperature and low pH stress alter the gill phenotypic plasticity of Hoven's carp Leptobarbus hoevenii.

Climate warming and low pH environment are known to negatively impact all levels of aquatic organism from cellular to organism and population levels. For ammonotelic freshwater species, any abiotic factor fluctuation will cause disturbance to the fish, specifically at the gills which act as a multifunctional organ to support all biological processes. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of temperature (28 vs.

Environmental changes affecting physiological responses and growth of hybrid grouper - The interactive impact of low pH and temperature.

Rising of temperature in conjunction with acidification due to the anthropogenic climates has tremendously affected all aquatic life. Small changes in the surrounding environment could lead to physiological constraint in the individual. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of warm water temperature (32 °C) and low pH (pH 6) on physiological responses and growth of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂) juveniles for 25 days.

Formulation Optimization and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Imatinib Mesylate Loaded β-cyclodextrin Nanosponges.

Background: Many researchers have prepared and evaluated nanosponges and claimed their advantages as an effective drug carrier, especially it was observed prominently in case of anti-fungal drugs. The materials employed to synthesize nanosponges were mainly crosslinking agents, different beta-cyclodextrin and other cellulose-based polymers. Many of them had used ratio proportions of cross-linking agents, d polymers to synthesize these nanosponges which ultimately produce a porous mesh-like network known as nanosponges where actually drug is encapsulated or loaded.

Helminth parasites occurrence in wild proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus), endemic primates to Borneo Island.

Background: Nasalis larvatus are well-known attraction for tourists in the mangrove forest of Bako National Park (BNP). Little is known regarding the infestation of helminth parasites in proboscis monkeys. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence species of major helminth parasites of public health importance in proboscis monkeys in BNP.

Enhancement of oral bioavailability of anti-HIV drug rilpivirine HCl through nanosponge formulation.

Objective: To synthesize β cyclodextrin nanosponges using a novel and efficient microwave mediated method for enhancing bioavailability of Rilpivirine HCl (RLP).

Significance: Belonging to BCS class II RLP has pH dependent solubility and poor oral bioavailability. However, a fatty meal enhances its absorption hence the therapy indicates that the dosage form be consumed with a meal.

Extended release delivery of erlotinib glutathione nanosponge for targeting lung cancer.

Systemic and uncontrolled administration of erlotinib hydrochloride (ETB) is associated with severe toxicity. A novel targeted and extended release nanosponge (NS) was synthesized from glutathione (GHS) by a one-step reaction between β-cyclodextrin and pyromellitic dianhydride at room temperature for delivery of ETB in lung cancer. Characterization studies were performed using sophisticated instruments.

The molecular phylogenetic signature of Bali cattle revealed by maternal and paternal markers.

Bali cattle is a domestic cattle breed that can be found in Malaysia. It is a domestic cattle that was purely derived from a domestication event in Banteng (Bos javanicus) around 3,500 BC in Indonesia. This research was conducted to portray the phylogenetic relationships of the Bali cattle with other cattle species in Malaysia based on maternal and paternal lineage.

Design of a fuzzy-based decision support system for coronary heart disease diagnosis.

In the present paper, a fuzzy rule-based system (FRBS) is designed to serve as a decision support system for Coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnosis that not only considers the decision accuracy of the rules but also their transparency at the same time. To achieve the two above mentioned objectives, we apply a multi-objective genetic algorithm to optimize both the accuracy and transparency of the FRBS. In addition and to help assess the certainty and the importance of each rule by the physician, an extended format of fuzzy rules that incorporates the degree of decision certainty and importance or support of each rule at the consequent part of the rules is introduced.

MIARS: a medical image retrieval system.

The next generation of medical information system will integrate multimedia data to assist physicians in clinical decision-making, diagnoses, teaching, and research. This paper describes MIARS (Medical Image Annotation and Retrieval System). MIARS not only provides automatic annotation, but also supports text based as well as image based retrieval strategies, which play important roles in medical training, research, and diagnostics.

Automatic multilevel medical image annotation and retrieval.

Image retrieval at the semantic level mostly depends on image annotation or image classification. Image annotation performance largely depends on three issues: (1) automatic image feature extraction; (2) a semantic image concept modeling; (3) algorithm for semantic image annotation. To address first issue, multilevel features are extracted to construct the feature vector, which represents the contents of the image.