Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) in postgraduate periodontics programs in Saudi Arabia: A modified Delphi study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to obtain a validated consensus among expert periodontists in Saudi Arabia regarding end-of-periodontics-residency-training entrustable professional activities (EPAs) using a modified Delphi method.

Methods: The study consisted of two phases. A preliminary phase in which experts met and proposed an initial list of EPAs following an extensive literature review.

Developing and Validating Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for Rheumatology Fellowship Training Programs in Saudi Arabia: A Delphi Study.

Background: Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) define the core tasks that a graduating rheumatologist needs to perform independently in practice. The objective of this study was to develop and validate EPAs for rheumatology fellowship training programs in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Experts met to develop an initial set of potential end-of-training EPAs by conducting a comprehensive literature review of EPAs and studying the Saudi rheumatology fellowship curriculum.

Intermittent apnoea and manual jet ventilation: A successful anesthetic management for infant with acquired Myer-Cotton class III subglottic stenosis undergoing endoscopic balloon dilatation.

Acquired subglottic stenosis is a common complication of endotracheal intubation in infants. The risk increases in trisomy 21, patients undergoing bypass surgery, and having gastroesophageal reflux disease. Less invasive endoscopic balloon dilatation of subglottic stenosis has become a more common treatment modality compared to open surgical technique.

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy: A review of what operators need to know.

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy (UG-PLB) is a commonly performed procedure for the diagnosis and monitoring of various liver diseases. The objective of this article is to present the most important information relating to UG-PLB from the perspective of interventional radiologists in a clear and concise fashion, referencing the most influential papers in current literature. This paper gives a brief overview of the history of the procedure and its conception, as well as the most common indications, contraindications, complications, and a technical overview of the most common techniques and equipment that are used by UG-PLB operators.

Risk Factors Associated With the Development of Acute Peripancreatic Fluid Collections on Follow-Up Imaging After Acute Pancreatitis: What Physicians Need to Know.

Objectives: This study aims to identify various risk factors for acute peripancreatic fluid collections (APFCs) in patients presenting with acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods: A blinded retrospective case-control study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh. Data from 327 patients who presented with AP between January 2008 and 2021 were analyzed.

Developing and Mapping Entrustable Professional Activities with Saudi Meds Competency Framework: A Consensus Study.

Purpose: This study aimed at developing a national consensus on entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for Saudi undergraduate medical education and mapping them with the "Saudi Meds" competency framework.

Methods: A three phased approach was used. Phase 1 consisted of identifying and developing EPAs; Phase 2 consisted of building a national consensus on developed EPAs (validation process); and Phase 3 consisted of mapping the validated EPAs with the Saudi Meds competency framework.

Perspectives of the Key Stakeholders of the Alignment and Integration of the SaudiMEDs Framework into the Saudi Medical Licensure Examination: A Qualitative Study.

Purpose: The purpose of the Saudi Medical Education Directives Framework (SaudiMEDs) is to assure the essential level of competencies for medical graduates, which should be reflected in the Saudi Medical Licensure Examination (SMLE). This study explored the opinions of key stakeholders of the alignment and integration of the SMLE's blueprint and contents with the SaudiMEDs competency framework's themes and domains.

Participants And Methods: This was a qualitative case study, using a purposive sampling technique.

Comparison of Combination Between Ketamine and Parecoxib as Multimodal Preemptive Analgesia With Ketamine Alone for Elective Laparotomy.

Background: Preemptive analgesia is important for reducing postoperative analgesia requirement. Therefore, this study compared the efficacy of intravenous (IV) ketamine alone with the efficacy of a combination of low-dose IV ketamine and IV parecoxib as part of a multimodal preemptive analgesia regimen in patients undergoing elective laparotomy.

Methods: In this prospective study, 48 patients scheduled for elective laparotomy were randomized to two groups of preemptive analgesia, namely, group K-P, in which anestheologists administered a combination of 0.

Simulating the dynamics of self-regulation, emotion, grit, and student performance in cyber-learning environments.

This research presents the results of development and validation of the Cyclical Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) Simulation Model, a model of student cognitive and metacognitive experiences learning mathematics within an intelligent tutoring system (ITS). Patterned after Zimmerman and Moylan's (2009) Cyclical SRL Model, the Simulation Model depicts a feedback cycle connecting forethought, performance and self-reflection, with emotion hypothesized as a key determinant of student learning. A mathematical model was developed in steps, using data collected from students during their sessions within the ITS, developing solutions using structural equation modeling, and using these coefficients to calibrate a System Dynamics (SD) Simulation model.

Future Directions of Rheumatology Training According to Saudi Vision 2030: Recommendations From a Saudi Experts Meeting.

Background: Worldwide research anticipates that a current shortage of rheumatologists will exacerbate over the next decade, whereas the need for arthritis specialists will continue to escalate. Saudi Arabia (SA) also encounters a limited geographical distribution of rheumatologists and rheumatology fellowship training centres.

Objective: Reporting the Saudi rheumatologists' advisory meeting conducted in Makkah, SA in January 2020 with the aim to discuss the "Saudi Vision 2030" for rheumatology training programs.

A Proposed Framework to Develop, Describe and Evaluate Peer-Assisted Learning Programs.

Phenomenon: Peer-assisted learning (PAL) is increasingly used in different fields of education, including medical education, due to its established advantages. However, there are scarce data about the best practice guidelines for PAL program evaluation. The aim of this work was to develop a framework that can describe and develop PAL programs and consequently provide a tool for evaluation and comparison of PAL programs among different institutions.

Six-year study on peripheral venous catheter-associated BSI rates in 262 ICUs in eight countries of South-East Asia: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium findings.

Background: Short-term peripheral venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection rates have not been systematically studied in Asian countries, and data on peripheral venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections incidence by number of short-term peripheral venous catheter days are not available.

Methods: Prospective, surveillance study on peripheral venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections conducted from 1 September 2013 to 31 May 2019 in 262 intensive care units, members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium, from 78 hospitals in 32 cities of 8 countries in the South-East Asia Region: China, India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. For this research, we applied definition and criteria of the CDC NHSN, methodology of the INICC, and software named INICC Surveillance Online System.

Anastomotic Leak after Bariatric Surgery from a Critical Care Perspective: A Lesson Shared.

Anastomotic leak after bariatric surgery is a rare complication with a recent prevalence ranging from 0.8% to 1.5%.

The Therapeutic Strategies of Regulatory T Cells in Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantations.

Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are considered one of the main dynamic cell types within the immune system. Because Treg cells suppress immune responses, they have potential roles in immunological self-tolerance and may help to maintain immune homeostasis. Promoting Treg cell function and increasing their numbers might be useful in treating autoimmune disorders, as well as preventing allograft rejection.

Students' perception of portfolio as a learning tool at King Abdulaziz University Medical School.

Background: Medical education has a longstanding tradition of using logbooks to record activities. The portfolio is an alternative tool to document competence and promote reflective practice. This study assessed the acceptance of portfolio use among Saudi undergraduate medical students.

Balanced Fluid Versus Saline-Based Fluid in Post-operative Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: Acid-Base and Electrolytes Assessment.

Background: Normal saline (NS) is a common fluid of choice in neurosurgery and neuro-intensive care unit (ICU), but it does not contain other electrolytes and has the potential to cause hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with prolonged infusion. These problems may be reduced with the availability of balanced fluid (BF), which becomes a more physiological isotonic solution with the presence of complete electrolyte content. This study aimed to compare the changes in electrolytes and acid-base between NS and BF (Sterofundin® ISO) therapy for post-operative severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in neuro-ICU.

Target-controlled Infusion Propofol Versus Sevoflurane Anaesthesia for Emergency Traumatic Brain Surgery: Comparison of the Outcomes.

Background: The choice of anaesthetic techniques is important for the outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI) emergency surgery. The objective of this study was to compare patient outcomes for target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol and sevoflurane anaesthesia.

Methods: total of 110 severe TBI patients, aged 18-60, who underwent emergency brain surgery were randomised into Group T (TCI) ( = 55) and Group S (sevoflurane) ( = 55).

Comparison of Single-Shot Intrathecal Morphine Injection and Continuous Epidural Bupivacaine for Post-Operative Analgaesia after Elective Abdominal Hysterectomy.

Background: Abdominal hysterectomy (AH) is painful. The aim of this study was to compare intrathecal morphine (ITM) and epidural bupivacaine (EB) for their analgaesia effectiveness after this surgery.

Methods: Thirty-two patients undergoing elective AH were randomised into Group ITM (ITM 0.

[Effect of a single intramuscular dose of dexamethasone on pain after circumcision. A randomized controlled study].

Objective: To assess the effect of a preoperative single dose of dexamethasone associated with penile block on pain after circumcision.

Study Design: Prospective randomized controlled study.

Patients And Methods: Forty male children aged 2 to 5 years, scheduled for circumcision under general anaesthesia, combined with penile block, were randomized into two groups.

Effects of bioactive compounds from carrots (Daucus carota L.), polyacetylenes, beta-carotene and lutein on human lymphoid leukaemia cells.

New therapies for leukaemia are urgently needed. Carrots have been suggested as a potential treatment for leukaemia in traditional medicine and have previously been studied in other contexts as potential sources of anticancer agents. Indicating that carrots may contain bioactive compounds, which may show potential in leukaemia therapies.

Medical education in Saudi Arabia: a review of recent developments and future challenges.

Medical education has been changing rapidly in Saudi Arabia. Within a decade, the number of medical colleges increased from 5 medical schools with traditional disciplined-based curricula to 21 medical colleges with varied curricula ranging from the traditional to more innovative, problem-based, community-oriented programmes. The private sector has started investing in higher education generally and medical education in particular.

Bioactive chemicals from carrot (Daucus carota) juice extracts for the treatment of leukemia.

Overwhelming evidence indicates that consumption of fruits and vegetables with antioxidant properties correlates with reduced risk for cancers, including leukemia. Carrots contain beneficial agents, such as β-carotene and polyacetylenes, which could be effective in the treatment of leukemia. This study investigated the effect of carrot juice extracts on myeloid and lymphoid leukemia cell lines together with normal hematopoietic stem cells.