An analytical review on revamping plastic waste management: exploring recycling, biodegradation, and the growing role of biobased plastics.

Globally, 90% of plastics are synthetic, made up of crude oil, natural gas, and coal. Even though plastic is extremely useful in our lives, its excessive use and mismanaged disposal are negatively affecting the ecosystem. The review highlights that the recycling process plays a critical role in controlling the problem of plastic pollution.

Exploring The Link Between Obesity And Hypothyroidism.

Background: Obesity and hypothyroidism are two common clinical conditions that are often connected. This connection is now more important because of an exceptional rise in the prevalence of obesity around the world. Both of these conditions have a noteworthy impact on human health and well-being.

River rejuvenation in urban India for enhancing living conditions through integrated water resources management.

India, being a developing country, faces big challenges in ensuring water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) for all. This case study presents the performance evaluation of a large wastewater management and sanitation-related infrastructure in a metropolitan city in North India. "Dravyavati River Project" is the major sanitation program of the water-stressed Jaipur city based on the concept of river rejuvenation of the long-lost Dravyavati River which flows across the city.

Molecular characterization of lumpy skin disease virus from recent outbreaks in Pakistan.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a contagious viral transboundary disease listed as a notifiable disease by the World Organization of Animal Health (WOAH). The first case of this disease was reported in Pakistan in late 2021. Since then, numerous outbreaks have been documented in various regions and provinces across the country.

COVID-19 retracted publications on retraction watch: A systematic survey of their pre-prints and citations.

Background: Studies related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were frequently published as pre-prints prior to undergoing peer-review. However, several publications were later retracted due to ethical concerns or study misconduct. Although these studies have been retracted, the availability of their corresponding pre-prints has never been formally investigated, and may result in the spread of misinformation if they are being used to inform decision-making.

Perceiving biobased plastics as an alternative and innovative solution to combat plastic pollution for a circular economy.

Plastic waste from fossil-based sources, including single-use packaging materials, is continuously accumulating in landfills, and leaching into the environment. A 2021 UN Environment Programme (UNEP) report suggests that the plastic pollution is likely to be doubled by 2030, posing a major challenge to the environment and the overall global plastic waste management efforts. The use of biobased plastics such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a biodegradable substitute for petroleum-based plastics could be a feasible option to combat this issue which may further result in much lower carbon emissions and energy usage in comparison to conventional plastics as additional advantages.

Microbial Biofilms for Environmental Bioremediation of Heavy Metals: a Review.

Heavy metal pollution caused due to various industrial and mining activities poses a serious threat to all forms of life in the environment because of the persistence and toxicity of metal ions. Microbial-mediated bioremediation including microbial biofilms has received significant attention as a sustainable tool for heavy metal removal as it is considered safe, effective, and feasible. The biofilm matrix is dynamic, having microbial cells as major components with constantly changing and evolving microenvironments.

Covid-19 Pandemic-Knowledge, Perception, Anxiety And Depression Among Frontline Healthcare Workers Of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad, Pakistan.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a viral infection that spreads through different mediums and has a high rate of mortality. At its initial stages, there is no particular medicine that can cure patients of COVID-19. The aim of the present study was to understand the COVID-19 knowledge, perception, and its effects in terms of anxiety and depression among frontline health care workers of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad.

Frequency Of Folic Acid Deficiency In Women Of Childbearing Age Presenting At Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad.

Background: Folic acid deficiency is one of the most common deficiencies among women of childbearing age. It can lead to neural tube defects, a significant cause of disability and mortality among infants. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine a folic acid deficiency in women of childbearing age in Ayub Teaching Institute, Abbottabad.

Framework to improve biohydrogen generation with estrogen co-metabolism under complete suppression of nitrogen source.

The current work provides insights for improving the hydrogen output while degrading emerging contaminants using Rhodopseudomonas palustris. The changes in the growth rate of a microorganism due to different substrate inputs affects the hydrogen production due to metabolic route changes. The different ratios of glutamate and glycerol as nitrogen and carbon sources along with the presence of ethinylestradiol (EE2) in the photofermenter affected the flux of electrons being directed towards biosynthesis and biohydrogen generation.

Biodegradation of synthetic estrogen using bioelectrochemical system and degradation pathway analysis through Quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry.

Synthetic estrogenic compounds such as 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) are significant environmental contaminants. This research studied the biodegradation of EE2 utilizing the EE2 adapted cells isolated from a dairy farm waste site in suspension flask vis-a-vis Bioelectrochemical System (BES) and compared the power output in the BES with and without EE2 as a co-substrate. 78% removal of EE2 was observed in the BES as against 60% removal in suspension flasks.

Role Of Intralesional Vitamin-D In Viral Wartse.

Background: The study was to look for effectiveness of vitamin D-3 in cutaneous warts in comparison with cryotherapy at dermatology department of Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi. It was a randomized control trial conducted at the Department of dermatology Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi. Ten months, June 2019 to May 2020.

Bilaterally Asymmetrical Becker's Nevus.

Becker's nevus is a main epidermal hypermelanotic condition that usually presents in adolescence, though childhood cases are seen less commonly. Congenital cases have been rarely reported. Nevus is usually unilateral having increased pigmentation and is characterized by hypertrichosis.

Effectiveness Of Oral Omega 3 In Reducing Mucocutaneous Side Effects Of Oral Isotretinoin In Patients With Acne Vulgaris.

Background: Acne vulgaris has been a common clinical condition. Due to. high prevalence and unclear etio-pathogenesis of acne vulgaris, large number of treatment options have been available across the globe.

Bioelectrochemical systems for environmental remediation of estrogens: A review and way forward.

Globally estrogenic pollutants are a cause of concern in wastewaters and water bodies because of their high endocrine disrupting activity leading to extremely negative impacts on humans and other organisms even at very low environmental concentrations. Bioremediation of estrogens has been studied extensively and one technology that has emerged with its promising capabilities is Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs). Several studies in the past have investigated BESs applications for treatment of wastewaters containing toxic recalcitrant pollutants with a primary focus on improvement of performance of these systems for their deployment in real field applications.

Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Traits (Genetic and Phenotypic) in Clinical Isolates from Pakistan: Identification of Significant Levels of Carbapenem and Colistin Resistance.

Background: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent hypermucoviscous strains poses a significant public health challenge. We determined the MDR profiles, antibiotic resistance factors, virulence gene complement, and hypermucoviscous features of 200 clinical isolates from two major tertiary care hospitals in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Methods: Susceptibility profiling and phenotypic analysis were performed according to the CLSI guidelines.

Protocols Of Treatment Of Meningitis In Medical Department: Are There Any?

Background: Meningitis, whether viral or bacterial is associated with high mortality rate and risk of severe lifelong disability. Early antibiotics administration and favourable outcomes have been demonstrated by previous studies. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether the patients with suspected meningitis in general medicine department of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad were being managed according to protocols.

Risk Factors Of Chronic Kidney Disease Leading To Dialysis In Patients Presenting At Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad.

Background: There has been an immense increase in the incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the last few years globally. Developing countries are more prone to suffer the complications due to greater poverty and higher expenses of treatment. Dialysis has become a routine procedure rather than exception.

Successful Use of Renal Replacement Therapy for Refractory Hypokalemia in a Diabetic Ketoacidosis Patient.

A 39-year-old African-American female presented to the emergency department with a seven-day history of right upper quadrant abdominal pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. She was noted to be alert and following commands, but tachypneic with Kussmaul respirations; and initial laboratory testing supported a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hypokalemia. To avoid hypokalemia-induced arrhythmias, insulin administration was withheld until a serum potassium (K) level of 3.