Parkinson's pain is more aching and interfering with social life in Caucasians compared to Indians.

Although there have been numerous studies conducted to better understand Parkinson's disease (PD), the epidemiology of its debilitating non-motor symptoms across different ethnicities remains understudied. Herein we explore the relationship between depression, anxiety and pain in PD patients of Caucasian or Indian ethnicity (PD Caucasians and PD Indians). All patients and healthy age and gender matched controls were assessed via semi-structured interviews for anxiety, pain and depression using structured questionnaires.

Prevalence of pain in atypical parkinsonism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pain is common in atypical parkinsonism such as multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (LBD). In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted and peer-reviewed literature was searched to determine the prevalence and types of pain in four atypical parkinsonism syndromes: MSA, PSP, CBD and LBD. The results show that pain was prevalent mainly in MSA patients in comparison to PSP and CBD patients.

Negative impact of severity of pain on mood, social life and general activity in Parkinson's disease.

Objective: Pain is an important non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, it remains understudied. The purpose of previous studies on the relationship between PD and pain, has been to explore the cause, origin and types of pain. This case control study is designed for clinicians and rehabilitation specialists to effectively identify pain from the patient's point of view.

Comprehensive Examination of Therapies for Pain in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Pain in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating symptom with a prevalence of 68%, yet is untreated 50% of the time. What is unclear, however, is which treatment is optimal for minimizing pain severity in PD. Thus, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the efficacy of a variety of novel, complimentary, and conventional treatments for pain in PD and elucidate which therapy is the most effective.

Osteoarthritis Increases Paresthestic and Akathisic Pain, Anxiety Case-ness, and Depression Severity in Patients With Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) patients are known to suffer from pain, anxiety, and depression, but the exact degree of association between the two is unknown. As many PD patients also suffer from physical impairments, this cross-sectional case-control study sets out to compare and determine the case-ness of pain, anxiety and depression in PD patients that suffer with or without symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA). The goal of this study, therefore, was to observe if additional pain associated with comorbid OA in PD patients is correlated with greater depression and anxiety rates.

Decreased sleep quality in Parkinson's patients is associated with higher anxiety and depression prevalence and severity, and correlates with pain intensity and quality.

Objective: Pain, poor sleep quality, restless legs syndrome (RLS), and other symptoms are frequently reported by patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the impact that pain severity and interference has on non-motor symptoms (NMS) has not been extensively studied. The objective of the present study is to explore the relationship between sleep quality in PD to pain and other NMS that affect quality of life.

Pharmacological therapies for pain in Parkinson's disease - a review paper.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine containing cells in the substantia nigra, with pain being one of the most common, yet frequently misunderstood symptoms. The prevalence of pain in PD populations ranges from 40-85% and is usually categorized under the following types: i) musculoskeletal pain ii) radicular and neuropathic pain iii) dystonia-related pain iv) akathitic pain and iv) central parkinsonian pain. Areas covered: The aim of this literature review was to document and present the common and uncommon pharmaceutical therapies that treat and/or alleviate these types of pain in PD.

Disability from pain directly correlated with depression in Parkinson's disease.

Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressively debilitating disorder resulting in reduced quality of life (QoL). Along with the motor symptoms of PD, non-motor symptoms of PD such as pain, restless leg syndrome (RLS) depression also occur. These exacerbate the worsening QoL and must be promptly diagnosed and treated.