Hospital and physician-based mental healthcare during 12 months of opioid agonist treatment for opioid use disorder: Exploring costs and factors associated with acute care.

Background: Individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) have a high prevalence of co-occurring mental health disorders; however, there exists little information on mental health service use for this population. We aimed to determine the prevalence of non-substance use-related mental health emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and outpatient physician visits for individuals receiving treatment for OUD over one year. We also explored individual-level characteristics associated with mental health care service use and estimated the costs of this care.

Do we need urine drug screens in opioid addiction treatment: An observational study on self-report versus urine drug screens.

Background: The substance use crisis continues to progress. Medication for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) are prescribed to reduce opioid use and related harms; however, many individuals continue to use substances while on treatment. The objective of this study was to describe the temporal and demographic trends of the agreement between self-reported and urine tested substances.

Health service utilization, substance use treatment response, and death in patients with opioid use disorder and comorbid hepatitis C findings from prospective cohort study with administrative database linkage.

Background: Among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), high rates of overdose and death have been reported in subgroups with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). Evidence on the comorbid effect of HCV on clinical and substance use trajectories has been limited by small sample sizes, short follow-up, and heavy reliance on administrative data which lacks granularity on important prognostic factors. Additionally, few studies include populations on substance use treatment.

Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2023 Update on Clinical Guidelines for Management of Major Depressive Disorder in Adults: Réseau canadien pour les traitements de l'humeur et de l'anxiété (CANMAT) 2023 : Mise à jour des lignes directrices cliniques pour la prise en charge du trouble dépressif majeur chez les adultes.

Background: The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) last published clinical guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder (MDD) in 2016. Owing to advances in the field, an update was needed to incorporate new evidence and provide new and revised recommendations for the assessment and management of MDD in adults.

Methods: CANMAT convened a guidelines editorial group comprised of academic clinicians and patient partners.

Assessing fragility of statistically significant findings from randomized controlled trials assessing pharmacological therapies for opioid use disorders: a systematic review.

Background: The fragility index is a statistical measure of the robustness or "stability" of a statistically significant result. It has been adapted to assess the robustness of statistically significant outcomes from randomized controlled trials. By hypothetically switching some non-responders to responders, for instance, this metric measures how many individuals would need to have responded for a statistically significant finding to become non-statistically significant.

Patient perspectives on pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing for antidepressant prescribing in primary care: a qualitative description study.

Many patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) try multiple antidepressants before finding one that works well and is tolerable. Pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing was developed to facilitate more efficacious prescribing. This technology has not been robustly implemented clinically.

Primary outcome reporting in clinical trials for older adults with depression.

Background: Findings from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are synthesised through meta-analyses, which inform evidence-based decision-making. When key details regarding trial outcomes are not fully reported, knowledge synthesis and uptake of findings into clinical practice are impeded.

Aims: Our study assessed reporting of primary outcomes in RCTs for older adults with major depressive disorder (MDD).

A genome-wide association, polygenic risk score and sex study on opioid use disorder treatment outcomes.

Opioid use disorder continues to be a health concern with a high rate of opioid related deaths occurring worldwide. Medication Assisted Treatments (MAT) have been shown to reduce opioid withdrawal, cravings and opioid use, however variability exists in individual's treatment outcomes. Sex-specific differences have been reported in opioid use patterns, polysubstance use and health and social functioning.

Components of Outpatient Child and Youth Concurrent Disorders Programs: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis: Composantes des programmes de troubles concomitants des enfants et des jeunes ambulatoires : une synthèse interprétative critique.

Objective: Co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders (concurrent disorders) lead to significant morbidity in children and youth. Programs for integrated treatment of concurrent disorders have been developed; however, there exists little guidance outlining their structure and activities. Our objective was to synthesize available information on outpatient child and youth concurrent disorders programs and produce a comprehensive framework detailing the components of such programs.

Association Between Mental Health Burden, Clinical Presentation, and Outcomes in Individuals With Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Along with the rising burden of peripheral artery disease (PAD), mental health concerns are increasingly being recognized as a comorbidity to address in the chronic disease management of symptomatic PAD. Apart from a high prevalence of comorbid mental health conditions, the role of pain and changing health behaviors and the broader impacts of illness and adaptation to living with PAD require specialized behavioral health expertise. This scientific statement builds a case that this expertise should be integrated within the multidisciplinary PAD team.

Association between the COVID-19 pandemic and psychiatric symptoms in people with preexisting obsessive-compulsive, eating, anxiety, and mood disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of before-after studies.

Aim: To determine whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with a change in psychiatric symptoms in people with preexisting obsessive-compulsive, eating, anxiety, and mood disorders compared to their prepandemic levels.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase from inception until February 16, 2022. Studies were included if they reported prepandemic and during-pandemic psychiatric symptoms, using validated scales, in people with preexisting mood, anxiety, eating, or obsessive-compulsive disorders.

Genetics of cannabis use in opioid use disorder: A genome-wide association and polygenic risk score study.

Background: Individuals with an Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) have increased rates of cannabis use in comparison to the general population. Research on the short- and long-term impacts of cannabis use in OUD patients has been inconclusive. A genetic component may contribute to cannabis cravings.

Heterogeneity across outcomes reported in clinical trials for older adults with depression: a systematic survey.

Objectives: The objective of our study was to identify outcomes reported in trials for older adults with depression and describe outcome heterogeneity.

Study Design And Setting: We searched four databases to identify trials assessing any intervention for major depressive disorder among older adults published between 2011 and 2021. We grouped reported outcomes thematically and mapped them onto core outcome areas (physiological/clinical, life impact, resource use, adverse events, and death) and used descriptive analysis to summarize outcome heterogeneity.

Cannabis use and opioid relapse: An exploratory survival analysis of prospectively collected data.

Importance: It is known that only minority of patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) receive treatment, of which only a fraction successfully complete treatment as intended. Factors associated with poor treatment outcomes remain unclear, and there is emerging but conflicting evidence that cannabis use may mitigate opioid use.

Objective: To analyze predictors of relapse amongst patients receiving buprenorphine-naloxone for OUD and identify the association between cannabis use and time to relapse.

The Inclusion of Patients' Reported Outcomes to Inform Treatment Effectiveness Measures in Opioid Use Disorder. A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Patient centred care is needed now more than ever in the treatment of opioid use disorder. Trials, policy makers, and service providers have most often used treatment retention and opioid urine screens as measures of treatment effectiveness. However, patients receiving medication for opioid use disorder treatment (MOUD) may prioritise the use of different ways to assess treatment success.

Mirtazapine for the treatment of amphetamine and methamphetamine use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Amphetamine-type stimulants continue to dominate the global drug markets. Despite this, no pharmacotherapy has been approved for treatment of amphetamine and methamphetamine use disorder (AMD). We evaluate the efficacy of mirtazapine in the treatment of AMD, given emerging evidence that it may alleviate methamphetamine and amphetamine (MA/A) cravings and withdrawals.

Cannabinoids in psychiatry: they are here to stay.

Cannabinoids are commonly perceived by the public as safe and effective for improving mental health, despite limited evidence to support their use. We discuss reasons why cannabinoids may be particularly compelling for our patients and provide strategies for how psychiatrists can counsel and educate patients on the evidence regarding cannabinoids.

Implications of OPRM1 and CYP2B6 variants on treatment outcomes in methadone-maintained patients in Ontario: Exploring sex differences.

Genetic variants in the OPRM1 and CYP2B6 genes, respectively coding for an opioid receptor and methadone metabolizers, have been linked to negative treatment outcomes in patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment, with little consensus on their effect. This study aims to test the associations between pre-selected SNPs of OPRM1 and CYP2B6 and outcomes of continued opioid use, relapse, and methadone dose. It also aims to observe differences in associations within the sexes.

Delirium and other neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19 infection in people with preexisting psychiatric disorders: a systematic review.

Background: Psychiatric disorders increase risk of neuropsychiatric disease and poor outcomes, yet little is known about the neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19 in the psychiatric population. The primary objective is to synthesize neuropsychiatric outcomes of COVID-19 in people with preexisting psychiatric disorders.

Methods: Data were collected during an ongoing review of the impact of pandemics on people with existing psychiatric disorders.

A systematic review of GWAS identified SNPs associated with outcomes of medications for opioid use disorder.

Background: Patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) display an interindividual variability in their response to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). A genetic basis may explain the variability in this response. However, no consensus has been reached regarding which genetic variants significantly contribute to MOUD outcomes.

Corrigendum to 'A comparison of electronically-delivered and face to face cognitive behavioural therapies in depressive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis' [EClinicalMedicine 24 (2020) 100442].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.

Sex-Specific Risk Factors and Health Disparity Among Hepatitis C Positive Patients Receiving Pharmacotherapy for Opioid Use Disorder: Findings From a Propensity Matched Analysis.

Background: The incidence of opioid-related fatality has reached unparalleled levels across North America. Patients with comorbid hepatitis C virus (HCV) remain the most vulnerable and difficult to treat. Considering the unique challenges associated with this population, we aimed to re-examine the impact of HCV on response to medication assistant treatment for opioid use disorder and establish sex-specific risk factors affecting care.