Publications by authors named "Zain A Nadeem"
Purpose: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) arises from the epithelial cells of the bile ducts present inside the liver parenchyma and is associated with an overall poor prognosis due to advanced disease stage at the time of diagnosis. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database to determine ICC-related mortality patterns in the United States from 1999 till 2020.
Methods: Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) and crude mortality rates (CMR) were extracted from the CDC WONDER database.
Background And Aim: Lubiprostone increases chloride and water secretion in the intestines, and several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of lubiprostone in treating functional constipation. Several new clinical trials have emerged since the previous meta-analysis conducted in 2020. We conducted this updated meta-analysis to assess clinical efficacy of lubiprostone in these patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is the commonly used approach for aortic valve replacement (AVR) in patients with aortic stenosis at low or intermediate surgical risk. However, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as an alternative to SAVR for AVR. This meta-analysis aims to assess the comparative efficacy and safety of TAVR versus SAVR in low-to-intermediate surgical risk patients by analyzing temporal trends in the outcomes of TAVR and SAVR at various follow-up intervals, providing a more detailed understanding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Stroke is a leading cause of death/disability, with notable differences in incidence, prevalence, and mortality observed. Despite advancement in stroke research, notable gaps persist in understanding the overall trend and sex-specific disparities in stroke burden over the past three decades, both in the United States of America (USA) and globally.
Aims: This observational-study aims to investigate evolving trends and sex-specific disparities in the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of stroke in the USA and globally from 1990 to 2021.
Background: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of Ensifentrine in COPD via a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods: We performed a detailed literature search on Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane on the basis of pre-specified eligibility criteria. We used Review Manager to calculate pooled mean differences (MD) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) using a random effects model.
Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are increasing in the United States. However, population-level data for mortality trends due to T2D and obesity are limited. This study aims to assess these death trends among adults in the United States categorized by sex, race, and geographical location.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) allows better assessment of coronary artery lesion characteristics than angiography alone. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively synthesize the available evidence regarding the efficacy of IVUS guidance compared to angiography-guided PCI.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search of major bibliographic databases from inception until April 2024 was conducted to identify randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing IVUS-guided PCI versus angiography-guided PCI.
Introduction And Importance: This case report is a clinical diagnosis walk through of a rare subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS). It gives an overview of how tumefactive multiple sclerosis (TMS) is systematically narrowed down as the definitive diagnosis.
Case Presentation: This 29-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department.
There are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment options for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) which is a prevailing disease that leads to fibrosis, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the efficacy and safety of resmetirom, the first FDA-approved drug, for the treatment of NASH. A Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation assessed systematic search of Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar database was conducted from inception till 31 March 2024.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objective: Tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) is required when repair is not feasible, and it continues to be a relatively high-risk procedure owing to the complex medical and/or surgical profile of patients. The choice between mechanical and biological prostheses for TVR remains a subject of debate owing to their distinct advantages and disadvantages. This study aimed to analyse and compare the clinical outcomes of these two types of prostheses in the tricuspid position.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are a leading cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage, and using the Neuroform Atlas stent (NAS) with coiling is more effective than coiling alone for treatment.
- The study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 studies covering 2434 participants to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NAS, analyzing outcomes like aneurysm occlusion rates and related adverse events.
- Results showed high occlusion success (95% overall), favorable modified Rankin Scale scores indicating good patient outcomes (93% mRS grade 0), and low adverse event rates (≤ 5%), though the study noted limitations in specific mortality data and the lack of comparative studies
Article Synopsis
- Nearly half of US adults have obesity, leading to a rise in coronary artery disease (CAD) deaths, which researchers are tracking by age, sex, race, and location.
- * The study analyzed data from the CDC-WONDER database, revealing that deaths related to CAD and obesity increased from 1999 to 2022, with a significant surge during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- * Males and non-Hispanic Black individuals experienced higher mortality rates compared to females and other racial groups, and rural areas had higher death rates than urban counterparts.*
Article Synopsis
- Dementia is a growing global healthcare challenge, impacting memory and social abilities while necessitating targeted interventions based on mortality trends and high-risk populations.
- An analysis of CDC WONDER data from 1999-2020 revealed over 4 million dementia-related deaths in the U.S., predominantly from Alzheimer's disease and unspecified dementia, with notable differences in mortality rates based on demographics and geography.
- The age-adjusted mortality rates showed a steep increase from 1999 to 2010, followed by a slower rise until 2020, with females and non-Hispanic whites experiencing the highest rates, while the lowest were found among non-Hispanic Asians or Pacific Islanders.
Article Synopsis
- Myopic traction maculopathy is a significant cause of vision issues, especially in Asian populations, prompting the need to explore effective treatments like macular buckling.
- A systematic review analyzed 13 studies involving 482 eyes, evaluating the impact of macular buckling on visual acuity, axial length, and the rates of retinal reattachment and macular hole closure.
- The results indicated notable improvements in best-corrected visual acuity, consistent reductions in axial length, and high rates of retinal reattachment (94%) and macular hole closure (72%), suggesting that macular buckling is a beneficial treatment option.
Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) reduces postoperative discomfort and expedites recovery compared to open thoracotomy. Effective postoperative pain management is crucial to enhance recovery and reduce complications. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has shown promise, though its efficacy in VATS remains uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune neurological disorder, with an estimated 6.4% increase in cases worldwide from 1990 to 2019. We aim to identify the GBS-related mortality trends in the US stratified by age, sex, race, and region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder debilitating mainly in adults.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the trends in HD-related mortality regarding various demographic factors.
Methods: Death certificates from the CDC WONDER were studied from 1999 to 2019, for HD-related mortality in adults aged 25 + years.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), primarily ischemic heart disease and stroke, remain leading global health burdens. Environmental risk factors have a major role in the development of CVD, particularly exposure to heavy metals. The Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG), a measure of insulin resistance and CVD risk, is the primary focus of this study, which summarizes the most recent findings on the effects of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) on CVD risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRg-LITT) is a promising new technique to ablate epileptic foci in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma (HH). We aim to systematically synthesize all available evidence and determine the effectiveness of MRg-LITT in reducing seizures in patients with HH.
Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), Scopus, and Google Scholar for all relevant articles.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory condition with a prevalence of about 309.2 per 100,000 people in the United States. We aim to identify MS-related mortality trends in the USA from 1999 to 2020, stratified by age, sex, race, and geography, and its correlation with sunlight.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in patients with ovarian cancer over a shorter and longer follow-up period.
Methods: We searched Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, and Google Scholar for all phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that administered bevacizumab to women with ovarian cancer. Review Manager 5.
Approximately 38 million people worldwide are affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with 4000 new infections daily. While literature explores HIV mortality among the elderly in the US, there is an underrepresentation of mortality data for adults. By scrutinizing mortality trends based on demographic factors such as gender, race or ethnicity, age groups, and geographic location, the study seeks to uncover patterns that may facilitate a longitudinal perspective for tailoring interventions and allocating resources effectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntravascular ultrasound-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and propensity score-matched studies.
Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis
May 2024