Prognostic Factors and Nomogram for Malignant Brainstem Ependymoma: A Population-Based Retrospective Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database Analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and develop a nomogram for survival in patients with brainstem ependymoma.

Methods: Data of 652 patients diagnosed with brainstem ependymoma extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to examine factors influencing overall survival (OS).

Population pharmacokinetic modeling and exposure-response analysis of Anrikefon: insights and implications in clinical analgesia.

Background: Anrikefon (HSK21542), a potent and selective peripheral kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist developed by Haisco, effectively blocks pain and itch signals.

Aim: To develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for anrikefon and conduct exposure-response (E-R) analysis for safety and efficacy in postoperative pain patients.

Method: The Population PK analysis uses NONMEM software with data from six trials.

The role of circadian rhythm regulator PERs in oxidative stress, immunity, and cancer development.

The complex interaction between circadian rhythms and physiological functions is essential for maintaining human health. At the heart of this interaction lies the PERIOD proteins (PERs), pivotal to the circadian clock, influencing the timing of physiological and behavioral processes and impacting oxidative stress, immune functionality, and tumorigenesis. PER1 orchestrates the cooperation of the enzyme GPX1, modulating mitochondrial dynamics in sync with daily rhythms and oxidative stress, thus regulating the mechanisms managing energy substrates.

Integrative bioinformatics and machine learning approach unveils potential biomarkers linking coronary atherosclerosis and fatty acid metabolism-associated gene.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is increasingly recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease that significantly compromises vascular health and acts as a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases. Advancements in lipidomics and metabolomics have unveiled the complex role of fatty acid metabolism (FAM) in both healthy and pathological states. However, the specific roles of fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FAMGs) in shaping therapeutic approaches, especially in AS, remain largely unexplored and are a subject of ongoing research.

Cell-free fat extract improves embryo development and clinical outcomes in older women with previous in-vitro fertilization failure.

Background: Preimplantation embryos in vivo are exposed to various growth factors in the female reproductive tract that are absent in in vitro embryo culture media. Cell-free fat extract exerts antioxidant, anti-ageing, and ovarian function-promoting effects. However, its effects on embryo quality are yet to be investigated.

Individualized PEEP titration by lung compliance during one-lung ventilation: a meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the physiological advantages of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), its optimal utilization during one-lung ventilation (OLV) remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate whether individualized PEEP titration by lung compliance is associated with a reduced risk of postoperative pulmonary complications during OLV.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until April 1, 2024, to identify published randomized controlled trials that compared individualized PEEP titration by lung compliance with fixed PEEP during OLV.

Enhancer regulatory networks globally connect non-coding breast cancer loci to cancer genes.

Background: Genetic studies have associated thousands of enhancers with breast cancer (BC). However, the vast majority have not been functionally characterized. Thus, it remains unclear how BC-associated enhancers contribute to cancer.

Inducible engineering precursor metabolic flux for synthesizing hyaluronic acid of customized molecular weight in Streptococcus zooepidemicus.

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is extensively employed in various fields such as medicine, cosmetics, food, etc. The molecular weight (MW) of HA is crucial for its biological functions. Streptococcus zooepidemicus, a prominent HA industrial producer, naturally synthetizes HA with high MW.

Whole lung radiomic features are associated with overall survival in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy.

Background: Several studies have suggested that lung tissue heterogeneity is associated with overall survival (OS) in lung cancer. However, the quantitative relationship between the two remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of whole lung-based and tumor-based radiomics for OS in LA-NSCLC treated with definitive radiotherapy.

Ferroptosis and pyroptosis are connected through autophagy: a new perspective of overcoming drug resistance.

Drug resistance is a common challenge in clinical tumor treatment. A reduction in drug sensitivity of tumor cells is often accompanied by an increase in autophagy levels, leading to autophagy-related resistance. The effectiveness of combining chemotherapy drugs with autophagy inducers/inhibitors has been widely confirmed, but the mechanisms are still unclear.

Relationship of negative life events with depression and anxiety in nursing students: a moderated mediation model of resilience and gender.

Background: Compared to ordinary student in the same age group, nursing students experience notably higher rates of depression and anxiety. Negative life events (NLEs) and resilience were recognized as risk factors and protective factors, respectively. There is little literature on the complex interaction of these factors among nursing students.

Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum vitamin D and continuous metabolic syndrome score among children and adolescents: roles of levels of inflammation in peripheral blood.

Background: Serum vitamin D deficiency is intricately linked to metabolic disorders, however, evidence on its association with continuous metabolic risk in children and adolescents remains insufficient. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and continuous metabolic risk.

Methods: The cross-sectional analysis involved 4490 participants aged 6 ~ 18, and the longitudinal investigation included 1398 individuals aged 6 ~ 12 years.

Development of a clinical prediction model for benign and malignant pulmonary nodules with a CTR ≥ 50% utilizing artificial intelligence-driven radiomics analysis.

Objective: In clinical practice, diagnosing the benignity and malignancy of solid-component-predominant pulmonary nodules is challenging, especially when 3D consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR) ≥ 50%, as malignant ones are more invasive. This study aims to develop and validate an AI-driven radiomics prediction model for such nodules to enhance diagnostic accuracy.

Methods: Data of 2,591 pulmonary nodules from five medical centers (Zhengzhou People's Hospital, etc.

The CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with T lymphocyte functions in long-term virally suppressed patients with HIV.

Objective: Long-term management of people living with HIV (PLWHs) often relies on CD4 T cell counts for assessing immune recovery, yet a single metric offers limited information. This study aimed to explore the association between the CD4/CD8 ratio and T lymphocyte activities in PLWHs.

Methods: 125 PLWHs and 31 HIV-uninfected controls (UCs) were enrolled and categorized into four groups based on their CD4/CD8 ratios: extremely low ratio (ELR) group: 0.

Dietary carbohydrate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a 16-year prospective cohort study.

Despite considerable research underscoring the importance of carbohydrate intake in relation to the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), a comprehensive assessment of this relationship is currently lacking. We aimed to examine the associations of various types and food sources of dietary carbohydrate intake with the risk of T2D, to evaluate potential effect modification by other factors, including genetic susceptibility, and to explore the potential mediators for such associations. The present study included 161,872 participants of the UK Biobank who were free of prevalent cancer, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes, and had at least one validated 24-h dietary recall assessment.

Silencing of lncRNA Gm26917 Attenuates Alveolar Macrophage-mediated Inflammatory Response in LPS-induced Acute Lung Injury Via Inhibiting NKRF Ubiquitination.

The inflammatory response mediated by alveolar macrophages plays a crucial role in the development of acute lung injury. Numerous studies have reported that lncRNAs are highly expressed in acute lung injury in mouse models and cell lines, and acute lung injury (ALI) can be effectively alleviated by targeting these lncRNAs. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism by LncRNA Gm26917 regulates the inflammatory response in alveolar macrophages during acute lung injury mouse model.

Deciphering SPP1-related macrophage signaling in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration.

This study delved into the molecular mechanisms underlying mechanical stress-induced intervertebral disc degeneration (msi-IDD) through single-cell and high-throughput transcriptome sequencing in mouse models and patient samples. Results exhibited an upsurge in macrophage presence in msi-IDD intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues, with secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) identified as a pivotal driver exacerbating degeneration via the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/ activating transcription factor 4/ interleukin-10 (PERK/ATF4/IL-10) signaling axis. Inhibition of SPP1 demonstrated promising outcomes in mitigating msi-IDD progression in both in vitro and in vivo models.

Integrins identified as potential prognostic markers in osteosarcoma through multi-omics and multi-dataset analysis.

Osteosarcoma represents 20% of primary malignant bone tumors globally. Assessing its prognosis is challenging due to the complex roles of integrins in tumor development and metastasis. This study utilized 209,268 osteosarcoma cells from the GEO database to identify integrin-associated genes using advanced analysis methods.

Cryo-EM reveals cholesterol binding in the lysosomal GPCR-like protein LYCHOS.

Cholesterol plays a pivotal role in modulating the activity of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTOR1), thereby regulating cell growth and metabolic homeostasis. LYCHOS, a lysosome-localized G-protein-coupled receptor-like protein, emerges as a cholesterol sensor and is capable of transducing the cholesterol signal to affect the mTORC1 function. However, the precise mechanism by which LYCHOS recognizes cholesterol remains unknown.

Acetylation-enhanced Sp1 transcriptional activity suppresses Mlph expression.

Melanosome transport is regulated by major proteins, including Rab27a, Melanophilin (Mlph), and Myosin Va (Myo-Va), that form a tripartite complex. Mutation of these proteins causes melanosome aggregation around the nucleus. Among these proteins, Mlph is a linker between Rab27a and Myo-Va.

How does live streaming affect tourists' intention - a psychology theory perspective.

As a novel experiential approach, live streaming at tourist destinations has garnered significant attention and profoundly impacts tourists' travel decisions. This study aims to validate the effects of usefulness, authenticity, and interactivity of destination live streams on the decision-making process of tourists. Grounded in stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) theory, this research identifies the usefulness, authenticity, and interactivity of destination live streams as the "stimulus," while telepresence and trust as the "organism," with tourists' travel decisions as the "response.

A real-world Pharmacovigilance study of brodalumab based on the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Brodalumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the interleukin-17 receptor A, is primarily used to manage moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Although it has demonstrated favorable efficacy and safety in clinical trials, the strict inclusion and exclusion criteria may not fully reflect its safety profile in real-world settings. As its use becomes more widespread in clinical practice, understanding its safety in real-world applications is crucial.

Stretch-induced endogenous electric fields drive directed collective cell migration in vivo.

Directed collective cell migration is essential for morphogenesis, and chemical, electrical, mechanical and topological features have been shown to guide cell migration in vitro. Here we provide in vivo evidence showing that endogenous electric fields drive the directed collective cell migration of an embryonic stem cell population-the cephalic neural crest of Xenopus laevis. We demonstrate that the voltage-sensitive phosphatase 1 is a key component of the molecular mechanism, enabling neural crest cells to specifically transduce electric fields into a directional cue in vivo.