The precise determination of tobacco leaf maturity is pivotal for safeguarding the taste and quality of tobacco products, augmenting the financial gains of tobacco growers, and propelling the industry's sustainable progression. This research addresses the inherent subjectivity and variability in conventional maturity evaluation techniques reliant on human expertise by introducing an innovative YOLOv10-based method for tobacco leaf maturity detection. This technique facilitates a rapid and non-invasive assessment of leaf maturity, significantly elevating the accuracy and efficiency of tobacco leaf quality evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuestions about when early members of the genus adapted to extreme environments like deserts and rainforests have traditionally focused on . Here, we present multidisciplinary evidence from Engaji Nanyori in Tanzania's Oldupai Gorge, revealing that thrived in hyperarid landscapes one million years ago. Using biogeochemical analyses, precise chronometric dating, palaeoclimate simulations, biome modeling, fire history reconstructions, palaeobotanical studies, faunal assemblages, and archeological evidence, we reconstruct an environment dominated by semidesert shrubland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study explores how personality traits and mindfulness facets interact to influence perceived stress, focusing on a Chinese adult sample. It aims to address gaps in understanding the combined effects of dispositional and mindfulness factors on stress.
Methods: A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was employed.
Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Primary pharmacologic interventions include stimulants and non-stimulants. Diagnosing ADHD is typically more difficult in women due to a range of different symptoms between the sexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), e.g., programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) tumor proportional score (TPS), remain limited in clinical applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Osimertinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has been authorized for use in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant osimertinib in individuals with resectable locally advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR mutation.
Methods: Ten centers located in mainland China took part in a single-arm, real-world, multicenter retrospective study (registration number: ChiCTR2100049954).
Background: Dabrafenib plus trametinib (Dab + Tram) is an approved targeted therapy in patients with mutated metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report the efficacy, safety, and quality of life (QoL) results of Dab + Tram treatment in Chinese patients with mutation-positive metastatic NSCLC.
Methods: This is a single-arm, open-label, multicentre, phase II study (NCT04452877).
Background: The benefits of spontaneous ventilation (SV)-video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in octogenarian patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have rarely been reported. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the safety and feasibility of SV-VATS in octogenarian patients with NSCLC.
Methods: Patients with NSCLC aged >80 years who underwent SV-VATS or mechanical ventilation (MV)-VATS between 2017 and 2022 were included in this study.
Background: The combination therapy of the B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) inhibitor dabrafenib and the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor Trametinib has shown favorable outcomes in patients initially identified with BRAF mutations. However, there are currently no large-scale study data focusing on the use of a triple therapy regimen of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) plus dabrafenib and trametinib in patients with newly concomitant BRAF mutations after acquiring resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Our study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of the triple therapy regimen through a multi-center real-world experience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: This study employed the R software bibliometrix and the visualization tools CiteSpace and VOSviewer to conduct a bibliometric analysis of literature on lung cancer spread through air spaces (STAS) published since 2015.
Methods: On September 1, 2024, a computer-based search was performed in the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection dataset for literature on lung cancer STAS published between January 1, 2015, and August 31, 2024. VOSviewer was used to visually analyze countries, institutions, authors, co-cited authors, and keywords, while CiteSpace was utilized to analyze institutional centrality, references, keyword bursts, and co-citation literature.
Introduction: Cataracts are associated with a decline in both cognitive and visual functions. This study examines postoperative changes in cognitive and visual functions in patients with age-related cataracts, focusing on the differential effects of unilateral and bilateral cataract surgeries on these functions. Additionally, the study evaluates changes in cognitive function following cataract surgery in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a significant global public health concern because of its association with various malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Over 90% of the global population is chronically infected with EBV, impacting numerous cancer-related cases annually. However, none of the effective prophylactic vaccines against EBV is approved at present.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeriodontal disease is a highly prevalent disease worldwide that seriously affects people's oral health, including gingivitis and periodontitis. Although the current treatment of periodontal disease can achieve good control of inflammation, it is difficult to regenerate the periodontal supporting tissues to achieve a satisfactory therapeutic effect. In recent years, due to the good tissue regeneration ability, the research on Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived exosomes has been gradually deepened, especially its ability to interact with the microenvironment of the body in the complex immunoregulatory network, which has led to many new perspectives on the therapeutic strategies for many diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Periodontal disease is a widespread inflammatory condition that compromises the supporting structures of the teeth, potentially resulting in tooth loss if left untreated. Despite advancements in therapeutic interventions and an enhanced understanding of its pathophysiology, emerging techniques such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and Mendelian randomization (MR) present new opportunities for precision medicine in the management of periodontal disease.
Methods: Data derived from the GSE152042 dataset underwent rigorous quality control, normalization, and dimensionality reduction using Seurat and the MonacoImmuneData framework.
The extent to which glial cell turnover features in successful remyelination is unclear. In this study, the rat caudal cerebellar peduncle-ethidium bromide lesion model was used to profile oligodendroglial and microglial/macrophage cell death and proliferation dynamics over the course of repair. Lesioned and control tissue was co-labelled with antibody markers for cell identity, proliferation, and apoptosis (TUNEL assay), then imaged at full thickness using confocal microscopy and quantified using custom CellProfiler pipelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntercalation has been considered as an effective method to explore innovative two-dimensional (2D) materials and modify their properties. However, the relationship between intercalation concentration, structure, and property remains a largely uncharted territory, and the controllable synthesis of desired intercalated phases faces challenges. Here, a general intercalated rule for the effect of self-intercalation ratio on atomic arrangements is revealed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTracking atomic structural evolution along chemical transformation pathways is essential for optimizing chemical transitions and enhancing control. However, molecule-level knowledge of structural rearrangements during chemical processes remains a great challenge. Here, we couple infrared spectroscopy as a non-invasive method to probe molecular transformations, with a machine-learned protocol to immediately map the spectroscopic fingerprints to atomistic structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThermoelectrics can mutually convert between thermal and electrical energy, ensuring its utilization in both power generation and solid-state cooling. BiTe exhibits promising room-temperature performance, making it the sole commercially available thermoelectrics to date. Guided by the lattice plainification strategy, we introduce trace amounts of Cu into n-type Bi(Te, Se) (BTS) to occupy Bi vacancies, thereby simultaneously weakening defect scattering and modulating the electronic bands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAqueous ammonium ion batteries (AAIBs) have attracted considerable attention due to their high safety and rapid diffusion kinetics. Unlike spherical metal ions, NH forms hydrogen bonds with host materials, leading to a unique storage mechanism. A variety of electrode materials have been proposed for AAIBs, but their performance often falls short in terms of future energy storage needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatially resolved transcriptomics enable comprehensive measurement of gene expression at subcellular resolution while preserving the spatial context of the tissue microenvironment. While deep learning has shown promise in analyzing SCST datasets, most efforts have focused on sequence data and spatial localization, with limited emphasis on leveraging rich histopathological insights from staining images. We introduce GIST, a deep learning-enabled gene expression and histology integration for spatial cellular profiling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Sterofundin (SF) is one of the most widely used electrolyte solutions in almost all areas of medicine, with particular importance in intensive care. It provides powerful correction of acid-base imbalances, ion fluctuations, and impaired energy metabolism, which are the three most important characteristics after myocardial infarction (MI). However, whether and how SF protects the heart from post-MI damage are largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To guide the drug selection for treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC) by evaluating the efficacy and safety of various drugs.
Methods: This systematic review searched the Embase, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) based on the drugs used alone or in combination for treating UC. Moreover, the Stata17.
Dihydromyricetin (DHM or DMY) is a flavonoid derived from natural sources with a range of confirmed biological benefits. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities. DHM is recognized for its high biosafety, making it a promising subject for further research.
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