The proportion of distal fibula Salter-Harris type I epiphyseal fracture in the paediatric population with acute ankle injury: a prospective MRI study.

Ankle injuries are common among the paediatric population. There are few prospective studies utilizing MRI to diagnose a clinically suspected Salter-Harris type I of the distal fibula (SH1FDF). The aim of this study was to examine the proportion of clinically suspected SH1FDF in children.

Patient outcomes in the operative and nonoperative management of high-grade spondylolisthesis in children.

Background: The optimal management of high-grade spondylolisthesis in the growing child is controversial. Some authors have advocated for surgery in all cases regardless of symptoms. Surgical intervention results in a >10% risk of complications with increased risk of neurological injury associated with slip reduction maneuvers.

Anterior distal femoral hemiepiphysiodesis in the treatment of fixed knee flexion contracture in neuromuscular patients.

Aim: Patients with neuromuscular diseases such as cerebral palsy (CP) and meningomyelocele (MMC) are prone to develop fixed knee flexion contracture. Distal femoral extension osteotomy allows acute correction of the deformity, but it is an extensive surgical procedure, and the complication rate is rather high. Immobilization can prolong the rehabilitation period, and may even result in deteriorated walking ability.

Three dimensional analysis of brace biomechanical efficacy for patients with AIS.

Purpose: Corrective three dimensional (3D) effect of different braces is debatable. We evaluated differences in in-brace radiographic correction comparing a custom thoracic-lumbo-sacral-orthosis (TLSO) (T) brace to a Chêneau type TLSO (C) brace using 3D EOS reconstruction technology. Our primary research question was the 3D effect of brace on the spine and in particularly the apical vertebra rotation (AVR).

Three-dimensional imaging of the spine using the EOS system: is it reliable? A comparative study using computed tomography imaging.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of three-dimensional geometry compared with computed tomography (CT) images. This retrospective study included patients who had undergone both imaging of the spine using the EOS imaging system and CT scanning of the spine. The apical vertebral orientation was also measured using the EOS imaging system and by CT.

Comparison of in-and outpatients protocols for providence night time only bracing in AIS patients - compliance and satisfaction.

Background: Skeletally immature patients diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and a Cobb angle above 25degrees is usually treated with a brace. Standard protocols in many centers include hospitalisation for a few days for the purpose of brace adaptation and fitting. The aim of this study is to compare compliance and satisfaction in hospitalization and out patient clinic protocols, at the initiation phase of brace treatment.

Arthroscopically assisted reduction of type 1A ankle Fractures in Children: Case Report.

Introduction: The risk of growth arrest following paediatric ankle fractures type 1 A is very high. Therefore all attempts should be done to anatomically reduce this kind of fracture. The advances in ankle arthroscopy have brought the possibility to reduce these fractures under direct vision, without the need of capsulotomy.

The role of fat pad sign in diagnosing occult elbow fractures in the pediatric patient: a prospective magnetic resonance imaging study.

Unlabelled: In 1954, Norell described the 'fat pad sign' for the first time. This refers to the radiological visualization of the elbow fatty tissue. This is a prospective study with the aim of clarifying the relation between the presence of a positive fat pad sign on the lateral radiograph and the type of injury verified on MRI.

[Postural kyphosis and morbus Scheuermann].

Scheuermann's kyphosis is the most frequent structural kyphosis in adolescents. There are gaps in the knowledge of epidemiology, aetiology and treatment. There are strong genetic and mechanical factors in the aetiology.

[Valgus deformity after distal fibular fracture].

Ankle fracture with involvement of the growth plate is the second most common paediatric fracture after the distal radius. The most common fracture type according to Salter Harris (SH) is type II of the distal tibia combined with green stick of the fibula. Isolated fracture of the distal fibular growth plate is not common and as a rule it does not give any growth arrest.

Radial neck fractures in children treated with the centromedullary Métaizeau technique.

Background: Radial neck fracture in children is infrequent but when not managed accurately can lead to complications. Different methods have been developed for the reduction and fixation of this fracture. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate our results using the Métaizeau centromedullary technique.

[Snapping pes syndrome with a loose bone fragment is a rare cause for medial knee pains].

A case of a patient with snapping pes syndrome following a blunt trauma to the knee is presented. Snapping pes syndrome is a painful catching experienced at the posteromedial corner of the knee from pes anserinus when moving from flexion to extension. Since the accident ten years ago the patient experienced a painful snapping phenomenon on the inner side of the knee.

Anterior distal tibial epiphysiodesis for the treatment of recurrent equinus deformity after surgical treatment of clubfeet.

Unlabelled: The treatment of clubfeet has changed constantly. Before the acceptance of the Ponseti serial casting, extensive surgical release was widely used. The treatment of relapse in these surgically treated clubfeet can be very challenging.

[Genu valgum after proximal metaphyseal tibial fracture in children].

Valgus deformity after fracture of the proximal part of the tibia in children was first reported in 1953 by Cozen. Since that time, numerous reports describing this entity have appeared in the literature. There is no consensus regarding the aetiology or the treatment of this posttraumatic deformity.

[Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging of children with multifocal musculoskeletal infections].

We describe the case of a three-week-old female, who presented with fever and swelling of the left thigh. Initial examination revealed signs of infection in both hips, which was confirmed at surgery. However, as the child did not recover despite relevant antibiotics, a full body MRI was performed, revealing multiple abscesses, some of which had to be managed surgically.

[Preoperative full-body magnetic resonance imaging is indicated on suspicion of multifocal infection in children].

Musculoskeletal infections in children present a challenge regarding diagnosis and treatment. Conventional radiographs guide the initial radiographic assessment. Additional imaging is often performed to improve the diagnosis of the abnormality.

[Peroneal nerve palsy in patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome].

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a hereditary generalized connective tissue disorder characterized by skin hyperextensibility, joint hypermobility and tissue fragility. Peripheral neuropathy is described sporadically. Although the exact mechanism of the neuropathy is not well-known, excessive stretch and abnormal connective tissue support are the suggested causative agents.

[Stress fracture following femoral epiphysiodesis].

Growth guiding is currently widely practiced for deformity correction in the growing child. Different methods have been developed. In 2007 Stevens described a tension band device (8-plates) as a simple growth control method.

[Traumatic distal humerus epiphysiolysis in a newborn child].

Traumatic distal humerus epiphysiolysis (TDHE) is a rare injury in infants with an incidence of about 1:35,000 births. It is primarily a birth injury, but it is also seen in cases of battered child syndrome. Because of its rare occurrence and the diagnostic difficulties, the lesion may be overlooked or misdiagnosed on initial presentation.

[Neonate with congenital solitary eosinophilic granuloma in the forearm].

Localized Langerhans cell histiocytosis, also known as eosinophilic granuloma (EG), is a benign tumour-like inflammatory disease with variable clinical course. The peak incidence of EG is between five and ten years of age. EG in children down to the age of two years has been described.

A bone cyst treated with corticosteroid installation in an osteopetrotic child.

Bone cysts in patients suffering from osteopetrosis are uncommon. A pathologic fracture might cause therapeutic difficulties because of the osteosclerotic bone. We describe a patient with an autosomal dominant osteopetrosis suffering from a large bone cyst in the proximal femur.

[Petrotrochanteric stress fracture after fitness running].

We describe a case of pertrochanteric stress fracture in a 62-year-old woman due to a sudden increase in medium distance running. Symptoms started after 11 weeks. The diagnosis was made six months after debut of symptoms.