Artificial intelligence for diagnosis and prognosis prediction of natural killer/T cell lymphoma using magnetic resonance imaging.

Accurate diagnosis and prognosis prediction are conducive to early intervention and improvement of medical care for natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL). Artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems are developed based on nasopharynx magnetic resonance imaging. The diagnostic systems achieve areas under the curve of 0.

Decoding tumor stage by peritumoral and intratumoral radiomics in resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential application of radiomics in predicting Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage in patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 122 consecutive patients (mean age, 57 years; 27 women). Corresponding tumor of interest was identified on axial arterial-phase CT images with manual annotation.

Influence of tube voltage, tube current and newer iterative reconstruction algorithms in CT perfusion imaging in rabbit liver VX2 tumors.

Purpose: We aimed to explore the influence of tube voltage, current and iterative reconstruction (IR) in computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTPI) and to compare CTPI parameters with microvessel density (MVD).

Methods: Hepatic CTPI with three CTPI protocols (protocol A, tube voltage/current 80 kV/40 mAs; protocol B, tube voltage/current 80 kV/80 mAs; protocol C: tube voltage/current 100 kV/80 mAs) were performed in 25 rabbit liver VX2 tumor models, and filtered back projection (FBP) and IR were used for reconstruction of raw data. Hepatic arterial perfusion (HAP), hepatic portal perfusion (HPP), total perfusion (TP), hepatic arterial perfusion index (HPI), blood flow (BF) and blood volume (BV) of VX2 tumor and normal hepatic parenchyma were measured.

Nomogram for predicting disease-free survival among a multicenter cohort of Chinese patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) among a multicenter cohort of Chinese patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who underwent preoperative therapy followed by surgery. This nomogram might help identify patients who would benefit from postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and close follow-up. All data from 228 patients in two independent Chinese cohorts (118 patients and 110 patients) were pooled and subjected to survival analysis.

Toward an Expert Level of Lung Cancer Detection and Classification Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is essential for pulmonary nodule detection in diagnosing lung cancer. As deep learning algorithms have recently been regarded as a promising technique in medical fields, we attempt to integrate a well-trained deep learning algorithm to detect and classify pulmonary nodules derived from clinical CT images.

Materials And Methods: Open-source data sets and multicenter data sets have been used in this study.

Comparison of microvascular perfusion evaluation among IVIM-DWI, CT perfusion imaging and histological microvessel density in rabbit liver VX2 tumors.

Object: To explore microcirculation features with intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and to compare IVIM with CT perfusion imaging (CTPI) and microvessel density (MVD).

Materials And Methods: Hepatic CTPI and IVIM were performed in 16 rabbit liver VX2 tumor models. Hepatic arterial perfusion (HAP), hepatic arterial perfusion index (HPI), Blood flow (BF), and blood volume (BV) from CTPI were measured.

Development and Validation of a Radiomics Nomogram for Preoperative Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: To develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for preoperative prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Patients And Methods: The prediction model was developed in a primary cohort that consisted of 326 patients with clinicopathologically confirmed CRC, and data was gathered from January 2007 to April 2010. Radiomic features were extracted from portal venous-phase computed tomography (CT) of CRC.

Detection of Active Sacroiliitis with Ankylosing Spondylitis through Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging.

Objective: To confirm feasibility and assess intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) to differentiate active sacroiliitis and ankylosing spondylitis..

Methods: Forty-one patients were divided into two groups, an active group (n = 20) and a chronic group (n = 21), according to the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and laboratory parameters.

Image quality evaluation of iterative model reconstruction on low tube voltage (80 kVp) coronary CT angiography in an animal study.

Background: Iterative model reconstruction (IMR) is a newer generation iterative reconstruction method, but its value on coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography requires investigation.

Purpose: To evaluate coronary image quality using IMR at a low-tube voltage of 80 kVp on coronary CT angiography in miniature pigs.

Material And Methods: Five healthy miniature pigs underwent prospective electrocardiogram-gated coronary 256-slice CT angiography at 120 kVp and 80 kVp tube voltages, respectively.

Initial experience of correlating parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 T in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: To determine the correlation between intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters.

Methods: Thirty-eight newly diagnosed NPC patients were prospectively enrolled. Diffusion-weighted images (DWI) at 13 b-values were acquired using a 3.

Induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improve cardiac performance of infarcted rat hearts.

We investigated whether transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) with induced BMSC (iBMSC) or uninduced BMSC (uBMSC) into the myocardium could improve the performance of post-infarcted rat hearts. BMSCs were specified by flowcytometry. IBMSCs were cocultured with rat cardiomyocyte before transplantation.

[CT and MRI features of Castleman's disease of the abdomen and pelvis].

Objective: To analyze the CT/MRI features of Castleman's disease of the abdomen and pelvis.

Methods: CT/MRI images of 6 cases of pathologically confirmed Castleman's disease of the abdomen and pelvis were retrospectively reviewed. All the patients received plain CT scan and dynamic enhanced scan, and one had an additional MR scan.

[Clinical study of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization plus radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma by magnetic resonance imaging and functional diffusion-weighted imaging].

Objective: To evaluate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value features of the lesions after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weight imaging (DWI) and analyze the value of 3.0T DWI in detecting the pathological lesion features of post-TACE plus radiofrequency ablation in HCC.

[Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging features of desmoid-type fibromatosis: comparison with the pathological findings].

Objective: To explore the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of desmoid-type fibromatosis, and improve the diagnostic accuracy and understanding of the disease.

Methods: The CT and MRI features of 18 cases of surgically and pathologically confirmed desmoid-type fibromatosis were reviewed retrospectively. Among the patients, 10 received CT pre- and post-contrast scanning, and 8 patients had MRI pre- and post-contrast scanning.

Radiologic and anatomic study of the extraperitoneal space associated with the rectum.

Objective: The objective of our study was to clarify the anatomic and radiologic features of the extraperitoneal fasciae and fascial spaces associated with the rectum.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen embalmed cadavers were studied: two for gross anatomy; six for sectional anatomy, of which two underwent histologic study; and six for space perfusion study. These examinations were followed by CT and cross dissection to observe the pelvic extraperitoneal fasciae and the role of the fasciae in the anatomic subdivision and communication of the fascial spaces.

[Efficacy comparison between transplanting microenvironmental induced and non-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in ischemic rat hearts].

Objective: To compare the efficacy of transplanting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) or microenvironmental induced BMSC (iBMSC) into the ischemic myocardium of rats with myocardial infarction.

Methods: iBMSC was defined as BMSC co-cultured with myocardial cells for 2 weeks. The stem cells or equal volume PBS were injected into ischemic border zone 1 wk after experimental infarction.

[A comparative study of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and pathological findings of liver fibrosis in rabbits].

Objective: To investigate the alteration of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in diffusion-weighted MR imaging (MR-DWI) of liver fibrosis and its pathological basis in rabbits.

Methods: Five rabbits in the control group and 22 with experimental liver fibrosis induced by transperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were examined with MR-DWI. Diffusion-weighted SE EPI sequence with a relatively high b factor (b=600 s/mm2) was used to measure the ADC.

In vitro labeling of mesenchymal stem cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide by means of microbubble-enhanced US exposure: initial experience.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of magnetically labeling stem cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) by means of microbubble-enhanced ultrasonographic (US) exposure (MUE) and to study the effects of this approach--without secondary transfection agents--on the viability, proliferation activity, and differentiation capability of MUE-labeled stem cells.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained for this study. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ([1 to 2] x 10(6)/mL) were studied in four experiment groups: sham exposure to US with microbubbles and SPIO (group A), exposure to US with SPIO but without microbubbles (group B), exposure to US with microbubbles and SPIO (group C), and sham exposure to US without SPIO or microbubbles (group D).

[In vivo magnetic resonance imaging tracking of transplanted adipose-derived stem cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide in rat hearts].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tracking of transplanted adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) in rat heart.

Methods: ADSCs were labeled with poly-L-lysine (PLL)-SPIO complexes. Intracellular iron uptake was identified by Prussian blue stain and transmission electromicroscopy.