A potential treatment option for transformed small-cell lung cancer on PD-L1 inhibitor-based combination therapy improved survival.

Objectives: Transformed small-cell lung cancer (T-SCLC) has an extremely poor prognosis, and no remedies based on immunotherapy have been evaluated among T-SCLC patients. We retrospectively analysed the efficacy and safety of combining atezolizumab with chemotherapy for T-SCLC.

Methods: Forty-seven patients harbouring EGFR mutations who developed T-SCLC were enrolled.

Identification of heritable rare variants associated with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma risk.

Background: In East Asia, the number of patients with adenocarcinoma, especially those presenting with ground-glass nodules (GGNs), is gradually increasing. Family aggregation of pulmonary GGNs is not uncommon; however, genetic predisposition in these patients remains poorly understood and identification of genes involved in the cause of these early-stage lung cancers might contribute to understanding of the underlying mechanisms and potential prevention strategies.

Methods: Fifty patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) presenting as GGNs and a first-degree family history of lung cancer (FHLC) from 34 independent families were enrolled into this study.