Altered tumor microenvironment heterogeneity of penile cancer during progression from non-lymphatic to lymphatic metastasis.

Background: Lymphatic metastasis is the major challenge in the treatment of penile cancer. The prognosis of individuals with lymphatic metastasis is extremely poor. Therefore, early identification of disease progression and lymphatic metastasis is an urgent task for researchers in penile cancer worldwide.

Prognostic Value of Inflammation Biomarkers in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Without Distant Metastasis.

Background: To investigate the value of the presurgical inflammatory biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin (ALB), C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR), Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), the modified GPS (mGPS), and the high-sensitivity modified GPS (Hs-mGPS) in penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) without distant metastasis and develop a tool to predict the overall survival (OS) of PSCC patients.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 271 PSCC patients without distant metastasis from 2006 to 2021. Patients were divided into 2 cohorts by a 7:3 ratio-a training cohort (n = 191) and a validation cohort (n = 80).

Feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and flank position during percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with no apparent hydronephrosis: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To investigate the puncture accuracy and feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in flank position for patients with no apparent hydronephrosis.

Methods: Between May 2018 and June 2020, 72 kidney stone patients with no or mild hydronephrosis were randomized into two groups: a CEUS-guided PCNL group and a conventional ultrasound (US)-guided group. Patients' demographics and perioperative outcomes were compared, including the success rate of puncture via calyceal fornix, the success rate of a single-needle puncture, puncture time, operative time, postoperative hemoglobin loss, stone-free rate, incidence of complications and postoperative stay.

Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in Penile Cancer With Inguinal Lymph Node Extranodal Extension: A Multicenter Experience.

The aim of this study is to determine the necessary extent of penile lymph node dissection (PLND) in penile cancer patients with inguinal lymph node extracapsular extension (ILN-ENE). Penile cancer patients who underwent PLND in 15 centers from January 2006 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. PLND was performed in patients with ILN-ENE.

Radiotherapy plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in penile cancer patients with extracapsular nodal extension after inguinal lymph node surgery: a multi-institutional study.

Purpose: Because there is a lack of evidence, it is not generally recommended to use adjuvant radiotherapy plus chemotherapy to treat lymph node disease in penile cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the benefit of using adjuvant radiotherapy after inguinal surgery for penile cancer.

Methods: Multi-institutional data were obtained from a total of nine centers from April 2003 to April 2015 and retrospectively analyzed.

Up-regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) expression and catalytic activity is associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis in penile squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Background: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan (Trp) catabolism have been demonstrated to play an important role in tumor immunosuppression. This study examined the expression and catalytic activity of IDO1 in penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) and explored their clinical significance.

Methods: IDO1 expression level, serum concentrations of Trp and kynurenine (Kyn) were examined in 114 PSCC patients by immunohistonchemistry and solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The lncRNA DLX6-AS1 promoted cell proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer via modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Background: Bladder cancer is the most common human urological malignancies with poor prognosis, and the pathophysiology of bladder cancer involves multi-linkages of regulatory networks in the bladder cancer cells. Recently, the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been extensively studied for their role on bladder cancer progression. In this study, we evaluated the expression of DLX6 Antisense RNA 1 (DLX6-AS1) in the cancerous bladder tissues and studied the possible mechanisms of DLX6-AS1 in regulating bladder cancer progression.

A modified clinicopathological tumor staging system for survival prediction of patients with penile cancer.

Background: The 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor-node-metastasis (AJCC-TNM) staging system is based on a few retrospective single-center studies. We aimed to test the prognostic validity of the staging system and to determine whether a modified clinicopathological tumor staging system that includes lymphovascular embolization could increase the accuracy of prognostic prediction for patients with stage T2-3 penile cancer.

Methods: A training cohort of 411 patients who were treated at 2 centers in China and Brazil between 2000 and 2015 were staged according to the 8th AJCC-TNM staging system.

EGFR mono-antibody salvage therapy for locally advanced and distant metastatic penile cancer: Clinical outcomes and genetic analysis.

Purpose: There are limited therapeutic options for patients with advanced penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) after chemotherapy failure. Thus, we evaluated the feasibility of salvage treatment using the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mono-antibody nimotuzumab in chemotherapy-failed PSCC patients and explored potential response or resistance biomarkers.

Materials And Methods: Six chemotherapy-failed PSCC patients with locally advanced disease or distant metastasis were enrolled consecutively to nimotuzumab treatment.

Radical Videoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomies: A Matched Pair Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the modifications and feasibility of radical videoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VIL).

Patients And Methods: From January 2010 to December 2017, more than 200 patients who have underwent bilateral radical inguinal lymphadenectomy for penile cancer in Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center. And there were 33 patients who received radical VIL and 174 patients who received open inguinal lymphadenectomy (OIL).

Molecular characterization and integrative genomic analysis of a panel of newly established penile cancer cell lines.

Cell line models are essential tools to study the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor initiation and progression. There are limited treatment options for penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC), accounting for 1-2% of male tumors in developing countries, and limited progress in preclinical research in PSCC due to lacking available models with identified genomic characteristics. Here, biological and molecular characteristics and whole-genomic alterations were analyzed in a panel of PSCC cell lines newly established in our laboratory.

More precise prediction in Chinese patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma: protein kinase CK2α catalytic subunit (CK2α) as a poor prognosticator.

Purpose: In this study, we assess the CK2α expression in human penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its clinical significance.

Methods: A total of 157 human penile SCC tissue samples were immunohistochemically analyzed. In addition, 12 human penile SCC and adjacent normal tissues were examined for CK2α protein and mRNA expression by Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively.

Bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection for Chinese patients with penile cancer: a multicenter collaboration study.

Background: Current guidelines recommend pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) for patients with pelvic lymph node metastasis and special state. However, these data and recommendations do not distinguish the role of PLND in different patient groups and confirm the final benefits. The aim of this study was to confirm the efficacy of pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) for the different groups of patients.

Development of a new outcome prediction model for Chinese patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma based on preoperative serum C-reactive protein, body mass index, and standard pathological risk factors: the TNCB score group system.

Purpose: To determine the predictive value and feasibility of the new outcome prediction model for Chinese patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma.

Results: The 3-year disease-specific survival (DSS) survival (DSS) was 92.3% in patients with < 8.

Development of a New Classification Method for Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Lymph Node Density and Standard Pathological Risk Factors: The ND Staging System.

Object: In this study, we evaluated the role of lymph node density (LND) and validated whether LND increases the accuracy of survival prediction when combined with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) pathological node (N) staging system for penile cancer (7(th) edition).

Methods: A total of 270 Chinese penile cancer patients treated between March 1999 and October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. LND was analyzed as a trichotomous variable for the prediction of DSS in this cohort.

Clinical significance of preoperative C-reactive protein and squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels in patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate the relevance of C-reactive protein (CRP) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) levels in relation to clinicopathological factors and prognosis in penile cancer.

Patients And Methods: A total of 124 Chinese patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), treated between November 2007 and October 2014, were analysed retrospectively. Receiver-operating characteristic curves were used to identify the combination of markers with the best sensitivity and specificity for prognosis prediction.

Disease-specific survival after radical lymphadenectomy for penile cancer: prediction by lymph node count and density.

Objective: To investigate the value of removed lymph node (LN) count and LN density (LND) for predicting disease-specific survival (DSS) rate following radical lymphadenectomy in patients with penile cancer.

Methods: We retrieved data from 146 patients who were surgically treated between 2002 and 2012. receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was used to calculate the optimal cutoff value of LN count and LND for predicting DSS rate.

[Both CK2 catalytic subunits involves in androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer cells].

Objective: To explore the roles of different casein kinase 2 (CK2) catalytic subunits in androgen receptor (AR) signaling in prostate cancer cell lines.

Methods: Prostate cancer cell lines were maintained.Immunofluorescent staining was performed to determine AR nuclear translocation in PC-3/AR cells with R1881 pretreatment and luciferase gene reporter assay used to determine AR transactivation in LNCaP cells.

Anatomical retroperitoneoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: initial operative experience.

To introduce the technique of anatomical retroperitoneoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (ARRPLND) was performed in 12 consecutive patients with a clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ-cell tumor (NSGCT) between February 2008 and October 2010. All procedures were performed using a modified template nerve-sparing approach. The retroperitoneal space was adequately expanded using double gasbags.

Fascia lata preservation during inguinal lymphadenectomy for penile cancer: rationale and outcome.

Objective: To investigate local groin recurrence and morbidity associated with fascia lata preservation during inguinal lymphadenectomy (LAD) for penile carcinoma.

Methods: Between January 2002 and December 2011, 201 inguinal dissections with preservation of the fascia lata were performed in 104 patients with clinical disease staged at ≤N2. The dissection boundaries were the same as those for radical inguinal LAD.