Antiseizure Effects of L. and .

L. and are two traditional herbs with probable antiseizure effects. This study evaluated the effects of these two herbal extracts on pentylenetetrazol- (PTZ-) induced seizures in mice.

A New and Simple Method for Spinal Cord Injury Induction in Mice.

Introduction: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a devastating disease with poor clinical outcomes. Animal models provide great opportunities to expand our horizons in identifying SCI pathophysiological mechanisms and introducing effective treatment strategies. The present study introduces a new murine contusion model.

The Effect of Different Concentrations of Methylprednisolone on Survival, Proliferation, and Migration of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells.

Introduction: The present study addressed whether methylprednisolone (MP) as an anti-inflammatory drug used in neurodegenerative diseases and neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) is safe.

Methods: First, embryonic rat NS/PCs were exposed to different concentrations of MP, and then we evaluated their survival by MTT assay, proliferation by analyzing the number and diameter of neurospheres, and the migration of the cells by neurosphere assay.

Results: The viability of NS/PCs was reduced following exposure to 10, 15, and 20 μg/mL of MP.

Effects of FTY720 on Neural Cell Behavior in Two and Three-Dimensional Culture and in Compression Spinal Cord Injury.

Introduction: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of FTY720 as a neuromodulatory drug on the behaviors of neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) in two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) cultures and in spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: The NS/PCs isolated from the ganglionic eminence of the 13.5-day old embryos were cultured as free-floating spheres.

Driving restrictions in patients with seizures; a review of the regulations from the English-speaking nations.

Purpose: We investigated the existing regulations about driving eligibility and restrictions for persons with seizures in all English-speaking countries in the world. We aimed to identify: 1) Is there a distinction between epilepsy and functional seizures (FS) in the regulations? 2) What is the required seizure-free period before a person with seizure regains their driving eligibility?

Methods: First, we identified all the English-speaking countries in the world. Then, we referred to the website of the Department of Motor Vehicles or its equivalent in each nation or we searched the Google engine with the name of each specific nation and "driving" and "epilepsy".

mutation causes autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNA70): novel variant in the second family.

Pathogenic variants in could result in mild to severe sensorineural hearing loss in the affected individuals (deafness, autosomal dominant 70; DFNA70; OMIM: 616968), an extremely rare autosomal dominant progressive disorder. Here, we report a novel missense variant (NM_004526:c.388C>T, p.

Risk Factors Associated with Long COVID Syndrome: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Recently, people have recognized the post-acute phase symptoms of the COVID-19. We investigated the long-term symptoms associated with COVID-19, (Long COVID Syndrome), and the risk factors associated with it.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study.

Caffeinated drinks, fruit juices, and epilepsy: A systematic review.

The aim of this systematic review was to provide the required information regarding different aspects of the relationship between epilepsy/antiseizure medications and non-alcoholic drinks. The recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement were followed. MEDLINE and Scopus from the inception until 7 August 2021 were systematically searched.

Long COVID syndrome-associated brain fog.

We investigated the frequency of brain fog in a large cohort of patients with documented coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) who have survived the illness. We also scrutinized the potential risk factors associated with the development of brain fog. Adult patients (18-55 years of age), who were referred to the healthcare facilities anywhere in Fars province from February 19, 2020 to November 20, 2020 were included.

Long COVID in children and adolescents.

Background: To identify the prevalence and also the full spectrum of symptoms/complaints of children and adolescents who are suffering from long COVID. Furthermore, we investigated the risk factors of long COVID in children and adolescents.

Methods: All consecutive children and adolescents who were referred to the hospitals anywhere in Fars province, Iran, from 19 February 2020 until 20 November 2020 were included.

Local delivery of fingolimod through PLGA nanoparticles and PuraMatrix-embedded neural precursor cells promote motor function recovery and tissue repair in spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating clinical problem that can lead to permanent motor dysfunction. Fingolimod (FTY720) is a sphingosine structural analogue, and recently, its therapeutic benefits in SCI have been reported. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of fingolimod-incorporated poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (nanofingolimod) delivered locally together with neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) transplantation in a mouse model of contusive acute SCI.

Cosmetic adverse effects of antiseizure medications; A systematic review.

Background: We systematically reviewed the existing literature on the cosmetic adverse effects of antiseizure medications (ASMs) in order to depict a clear picture of these unwanted side effects of ASMs with a particular attention to hair loss, hirsutism, acne, and gingival hyperplasia.

Methods: This systematic review was prepared according to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Scopus, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar from the inception to 25 March, 2021 were systematically searched.

Ibrutinib reduces neutrophil infiltration, preserves neural tissue and enhances locomotor recovery in mouse contusion model of spinal cord injury.

Following acute spinal cord injury (SCI), excessive recruitment of neutrophils can result in inflammation, neural tissue loss and exacerbation of neurological outcomes. Ibrutinib is a bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor in innate immune cells such as the neutrophils that diminishes their activation and influx to the site of injury. The present study evaluated the efficacy of ibrutinib administration in the acute phase of SCI on neural tissue preservation and locomotor recovery.

Treatment of postictal headache: a systematic review and future directions.

Background: Postictal headache (PIH) is a common complaint among patients with epilepsy. The prevalence of PIH is 43%. In the current endeavor, we systematically reviewed the existing treatment options for PIH in order to depict the state of the field and also to propose a research agenda to advance this topic.

Effects of neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles on neuronal protection and functional recovery in the rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Stroke imposes a long-term neurological disability with limited effective treatments available for neuronal recovery. Transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) is reported to improve functional outcomes in the animal models of brain ischemia. However, the use of cell therapy is accompanied by adverse effects, so research is growing to use cell-free extracts such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) for targeting brain diseases.

The effects of minocycline on proliferation, differentiation and migration of neural stem/progenitor cells.

There are several attempts to enhance the capacities of neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) as a probable source of stem cell therapy for neurodegerative diseases. The evidence shows that minocycline has several non-antibacterial effects in neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to investigate the effect of minocycline on proliferation, differentiation and migration of embryonic NS/PCs.

Eucalyptol induces hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity in snail neurons by inhibiting potassium channels.

The effects of eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) were studied on the activity of central neurons of land snail Caucasotachea atrolabiata. Eucalyptol (3 mM) depolarized the membrane potential and increased the frequency of spontaneous activity in a time dependent and reversible manner. These effects were associated with suppression of afterhyperpolarization and significant reduction of amplitude and slope of rising and falling phases of action potentials.