In Situ Casting of Platelet Rich Plasma/SiO2/Alginate for Bone Tissue Engineering Application in Rabbit Mandible Defect Model.

Statement Of The Problem: The administration of both platelet rich plasma (PRP) and silicon dioxide (SiO) to the bone defects accelerates bone repair and regeneration. Appli-cation of both of them may show synergistic regenerative effects.

Purpose: Our objective was to evaluate the possible synergistic osteogenic effects of PRP and SiO by injecting them using an ad hoc device.

Optimizing artificial meniscus by mechanical stimulation of the chondrocyte-laden acellular meniscus using ad hoc bioreactor.

Background: Tissue engineering focuses on reconstructing the damaged meniscus by mimicking the native meniscus. The application of mechanical loading on chondrocyte-laden decellularized whole meniscus is providing the natural microenvironment. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of dynamic compression and shear load on chondrocyte-laden decellularized meniscus.

Prednisolone and mesenchymal stem cell preloading protect liver cell migration and mitigate extracellular matrix modification in transplanted decellularized rat liver.

Introduction: Regenerative medicine provides promising approaches for treating chronic liver diseases. Previous studies indicate that decellularized liver architecture is damaged by invading non-hepatic inflammatory cells. This study aimed to use anti-inflammatory and regenerative potency of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) and prednisolone for reducing fibrosis and balancing inflammatory cell migration into the decellularized liver scaffold.

Thymoquinone loading into hydroxyapatite/alginate scaffolds accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Phytochemical agents such as thymoquinone (TQ) have osteogenic property. This study aimed to investigate the synergic impact of TQ and hydroxyapatite on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Alginate was also used as drug vehicle.

Synergic effects of decellularized bone matrix, hydroxyapatite, and extracellular vesicles on repairing of the rabbit mandibular bone defect model.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (ECV) and bone extracellular matrix (ECM) have beneficial effects on the treatment of some pathological conditions. The purpose of this study was to find the synergic effects of decellularized bone (DB) ECM and ECVs on the repair of rabbit.

Methods: The quality of decellularized sheep bones was confirmed by H&E, Hoechst, DNA quantification, immunohistochemistry, histochemical staining, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Comparative assessment of the efficiency of various decellularization agents for bone tissue engineering.

Bone regeneration can be possible through grafts or engineered bone replacement when bone defects are larger than the critical size. Decellularized bone extracellular matrix (ECM) is an alternative that is able to accelerate tissue regeneration, while decellularization protocols influence engineered bone quality. The objective of this study was to compare the quality of decellularized bone produced through different methods.

Lectin Profile Variation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Different Sources.

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a promising source of stem cells for regenerative medicine, have different morphological and functional characteristics. Carbohydrate moieties on the cell surface play an important role, including cell-cell interaction and cell recognition. The objective of this study was to determine possible differences in glycoconjugate distribution patterns of MSCs derived from various sources.

Fetal microchimerism in mouse caerulein-induced pancreatitis model.

Objectives: Fetal microchimerism is the persistence of allogeneic cell population that transfer from the fetus to the mother. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of fetal microchimerism in the pancreas of the mouse with acute pancreatitis (AP).

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, female wild-type mice were mated with male EGFP+.

Characterization, recellularization, and transplantation of rat decellularized testis scaffold with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Regenerative medicine potentially offers the opportunity for curing male infertility. Native extracellular matrix (ECM) creates a reconstruction platform to replace the organs. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the testis decellularized scaffold as a proper niche for stem cell differentiation toward testis-specific cell lineages.

Decellularized human ovarian scaffold based on a sodium lauryl ester sulfate (SLES)-treated protocol, as a natural three-dimensional scaffold for construction of bioengineered ovaries.

Background: The increasing number of patients with ovarian insufficiency due to autoimmune disorders, genetic predisposition, or iatrogenic effects of treatment such as cancer therapies necessitates an urgent measure to find a safe and transplantable alternative ovary. A bioengineered ovary is one of the strategies on which the researchers have recently been working. An engineered ovary should be able to mimic the natural ovary aspects.

Hepatogenic Differentiation Capacity of Human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cell in a Co-culturing System with Endothelial Cells in Matrigel/collagen Scaffold in the Presence of Fetal Liver Extract.

Background: Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (HWJMSCs) isolated from medical waste product can be considered as an accessible source of cells in regenerative medicine. Stem cell-derived hepatocytes have poor function and need appropriate niche to reconstruct the liver structure. Therefore, we attempted to find a novel approach in differentiating HWJMSCs into functional hepatic cells using 3D culture conditions and liver extract that recapitulates vital stage in liver development.

Fabrication and characterization of platelet-rich plasma scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), as a rich source of growth factor, can form a fibrin gel that recapitulates the extracellular matrix of the tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of CaCl on the PRP scaffold structure which in turn could change the cell's behavior. PRP was mixed with 2.

Effects of platelet-rich plasma on liver regeneration in CCl-induced hepatotoxicity model.

Numerous bioactive growth factors and cytokines in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have recently made it an attractive biomaterial for therapeutic purposes. These growth factors have the potential to regenerate the injured tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of PRP in hepatotoxic animal model.

The effect of amniotic membrane extract on umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell expansion: is there any need to save the amniotic membrane besides the umbilical cord blood?

Objectives: Umbilical cord blood is a good source of the mesenchymal stem cells that can be banked, expanded and used in regenerative medicine. The objective of this study was to test whether amniotic membrane extract, as a rich source of growth factors such as basic-fibroblast growth factor, can promote the proliferation potential of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.

Materials And Methods: The study design was interventional.

Comparison of hepatic nuclear factor-4 expression in two- and three-dimensional culture of Wharton's jelly-derived cells exposed to hepatogenic medium.

The research on Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) from the umbilical cord suggests promising therapeutic use for hepatocyte replacement therapy. One of the highly conserved members of the nuclear receptor superfamily in the liver is hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF4α), involved in hepatocyte differentiation. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) cultures of WJ-MSCs on hepatocyte differentiation.

Comparison of the Expression of Hepatic Genes by Human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured in 2D and 3D Collagen Culture Systems.

Background: Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (HWJMSCs) express liver-specific markers such as albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, cytokeratin-19, cytokeratin-18, and glucose-6-phosphatase. Therefore, they can be considered as a good source for cell replacement therapy for liver diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of various culture systems on the hepatocyte-specific gene expression pattern of naïve HWJMSCs.

The influence of fibroblast growth factor 4 on hepatogenic capacity of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells.

Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSCs) derived from human umbilical cords could be an appropriate candidate for hepatocyte replacement therapy. Improvement of the efficiency of the cell expression of liver specific genes can be considered in finding new transplantation resources. The present study aimed to differentiate WJ-MSCs toward hepatocyte-like cells on collagen film in the presence of hepatogenic factors, including fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).

Does metformin improve in vitro maturation and ultrastructure of oocytes retrieved from estradiol valerate polycystic ovary syndrome-induced rats.

Background: Metformin decreases polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) symptoms, induces ovulation, and may improve developmental competence of in vitro oocyte maturation. This study was designed to define the effects of metformin on the characteristics of in vitro oocyte maturation in estradiol valerate (EV) PCOS-induced rats.

Methods: Forty-five adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control; sham and PCOS-induced (treated by a single dose of estradiol valerate, 4 mg/rat, IM) groups.

An in vitro model for hepatocyte-like cell differentiation from Wharton's jelly derived-mesenchymal stem cells by cell-base aggregates.

Aim: The present study investigated the differentiation potential of human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UCMSCs) into hepatic lineage through embryonic body-like aggregate formation in the presence of IGF-1.

Background: Cells derived from Wharton's jelly have been reported to display a wide multilineage differentiation potential, showing some similarities to both embryonic (ESC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Patients And Methods: Human MSCs isolated from the umbilical cord were plated in 20 μL micro drops.

Wharton's Jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells can Differentiate into Hepatocyte-like Cells by HepG2 Cell Line Extract.

Background: Wharton's jelly is an unlimited source of stem cells that can be used in cell therapy and tissue engineering without any ethical concern. It has been revealed the cell-free extract could be effective to induce cell differentiation. The objective of this study was to induce Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into hepatocyte-like cells by premeabilization of the cells in the presence of HepG2 cell line extract.

Cardiomyocyte marker expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts by cell-free cardiomyocyte extract and epigenetic manipulation.

Background: The regenerative capacity of the mammalian heart is quite limited. Recent reports have focused on reprogramming mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes. We investigated whether fibroblasts could transdifferentiate into myocardium.

Effects of Carthamus tinctorius on Semen Quality and Gonadal Hormone Levels in Partially Sterile Male Rats.

Purpose: Traditional herbal medicine is just one of the many different approaches using plants in the remedy of diseases. Carthamus tinctorius (CT) or safflower is a popular plant that is used for coloring and flavoring in food industries. The effect of CT on spermatogenesis and sperm parameters has been reported in traditional medicine but has not yet been confirmed scientifically.

Expression of pluripotency markers in human granulosa cells after embryonic stem cell extract exposure and epigenetic modification.

Background: Epigenetic reprogramming of differentiated cells can modify somatic cells into pluripotential state. Pluripotency can be induced in somatic cells by several approches. One of the easy ways to induce pluripotency is the exposure of the somatic cells to the embryonic stem cell (ESC) extract.

Toxic effects of Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit extract on chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in mouse limb buds.

Objectives: We determined the effect of Elaeagnus angustifolia extract on chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in mouse embryo limb buds in vitro and in vivo. Limb bud mesenchyme from day 12.5 embryos were used for high-density micromass cultures.

Cardiomyocyte marker expression in a human lymphocyte cell line using mouse cardiomyocyte extract.

Cell transplantation shows potential for the treatment of cardiac diseases. Embryonic stem cells, cord blood and mesenchymal stem cells have been suggested as sources for transplantation therapy. Because of some technical limitations with the use of stem cells, transdifferentiation of fully differentiated cells is a potentially useful alternative.