Left Main Coronary Artery Aneurysm.

Aneurysms of the left main coronary artery are exceedingly rare clinical entities, encountered incidentally in approximately 0.1% of patients who undergo routine angiography. The most common cause of coronary artery aneurysms is atherosclerosis.

Diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, optic atrophy, and deafness: A case of Wolfram (DIDMOAD) syndrome.

Purpose: To report a case of Wolfram syndrome (WS) characterized by diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, progressive optic atrophy, and deafness.

Case Report: A 19-year-old female patient, a known case of diabetes mellitus type I from six years before, presented with progressive vision loss since four years earlier. On fundoscopic examination, she had bilateral optic atrophy without diabetic retinopathy.

Successful use of central venous catheters in the management of recurrent malignant pleural effusions: one new option.

Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common clinical problem in patients with malignancy. To date, placement of various catheters has been suggested as an effective alternative method for traditional treatment of recurrent MPE. In this study, we report our experience in managing treatment of recurrent MPE by placing a central vein catheter without a radiologic guide.

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroglossal duct cyst: case report.

Thyroglossal duct cysts are the most common form of congenital cysts on the neck. The incidence of thyroid papillary carcinoma in thyroglossal duct cyst is less than 1%. In most cases the diagnosis is made postoperatively.

Eosinophilic ascites and duodenal obstruction in a patient with liver cirrhosis.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is a rare disease characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of portions of the gastrointestinal tract. Eosinophilic ascites is probably the most unusual and rare presentation of EG and is generally associated with the serosal form of EG. Hereby, we report a case of eosinophilic ascites with duodenal obstruction in a patient with liver cirrhosis.

Interstitial Keratitis, Vertigo, and Vasculitis: Typical Cogan's Syndrome.

Cogan's syndrome (CS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that most commonly affects young adults. Clinical hallmarks are bilateral interstitial keratitis and vestibuloauditory dysfunction. Association between CS and systemic vasculitis as well as aortitis also exists.

The Relationship between Nocturnal Hypoxemia and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Congestive Heart Failure Patients.

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Among patients with heart failure, sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a common problem. Current evidence suggests that SDB, particularly central SDB, is more prevalent in patients with CHF than in the general population, but it is underdiagnosed as SDB symptoms that are less prevalent in CHF.

The diagnostic value of ultrasound compared with nerve conduction velocity in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Objective: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common form of peripheral entrapment neuropathy. The use of sonography for investigation and diagnosis of musculoskeletal conditions has been rapidly increasing over the past few decades. The purpose of this study was to determine whether sonography can be an alternative method to nerve conduction study (NCS) in the diagnosis of CTS.

Seizure, deafness, and renal failure: a case of barakat syndrome.

Barakat syndrome (also known as HDR syndrome) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal disease caused by mutation of the GATA3 gene located at chromosome 10p15. The exact prevalence of this disorder is not known but is very rare, with only about a dozen cases reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of 58-year-old man from Ardabil who presented with seizure due to hypocalcemia.

Alkaptonuric ochronosis: a clinical study from Ardabil, Iran.

Objective: Ochronosis is a term used to describe pigment deposition that occurs in the connective tissues of patients with alkaptonuria, an autosomal recessive disorder that results from a deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase. Brown or blue-gray discoloration of the skin may be seen on the axillary and inguinal areas, face, palms or soles. In addition, blue-black discoloration can be apparent on skin overlying cartilage in which the pigment is deposited, such as the ears.

5-alpha-reductase 2 deficiency in a woman with primary amenorrhea.

Steroid 5-alpha-reductase 2 deficiency is a rare disorder leading to male pseudohermaphroditism, a condition characterized by incomplete differentiation of male genitalia in 46,XY patients. Here, we report a case of a 21-year-old woman from Ardabil who presented with primary amenorrhea, ambiguous genitalia, and lack of breast development. All of the serum hormone profiles were normal except for raised serum total testosterone.

Chronic constrictive pericarditis.

Constrictive pericarditis (CP) is a rare clinical entity that can pose diagnostic problems. The diagnosis of CP requires a high degree of clinical suspicion. The gold standard for diagnosis is cardiac catheterization with analysis of intracavitary pressure curves, which are high and, in end diastole, equal in all chambers.