Broadband Long Wavelength Light Promotes Myopic Eye Growth and Alters Retinal Responses to Light Offset in Chick.

Purpose: Prolonged exposure to broadband light with a short-wavelength (blue) or long-wavelength (orange/red) bias is known to impact eye growth and refraction, but the mechanisms underlying this response are unknown. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of broadband blue and orange lights with well-differentiated spectrums on refractive development and global flash electroretinography (gfERG) measures of retinal function in the chick myopia model.

Methods: Chicks were raised for 4 days with monocular negative lenses, or no lens, under blue, orange, or white light.

Introducing a global database of entomopathogenic fungi and their host associations.

Pathogens significantly influence natural and agricultural ecosystems, playing a crucial role in the regulation of species populations and maintaining biodiversity. Entomopathogenic fungi (EF), particularly within the Hypocreales order, exemplify understudied pathogens that infect insects and other arthropods globally. Despite their ecological importance, comprehensive data on EF host specificity and geographical distribution are lacking.

Hypertonic saline nasal irrigation and gargling for suspected or confirmed COVID-19: Pragmatic randomised controlled trial (ELVIS COVID-19).

Background: In a previous pilot randomised controlled trial conducted on UK adults, we found that hypertonic saline nasal irrigation and gargling (HSNIG) reduced common cold symptoms, the need for over-the-counter medications, viral shedding, and the duration and transmission of the illness. It is unclear whether HSNIG improves outcomes of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Hypertonic saline can be prepared and HSNIG performed at home, making it a safe and scalable intervention, particularly well-suited for low- and middle-income countries.

Macrophage Therapy for Acute Liver Injury (MAIL): a study protocol for a phase 1 randomised, open-label, dose-escalation study to evaluate safety, tolerability and activity of allogeneic alternatively activated macrophages in patients with paracetamol-induced acute liver injury in the UK.

Introduction: Acute liver failure (ALF) has no effective treatment other than liver transplantation and is commonly caused by paracetamol overdose. New treatments are needed to treat and prevent ALF. Alternatively-activated macrophages (AAMs) can promote resolution of liver necrosis and stimulate hepatocyte proliferation.

The infected blood inquiry report-lessons for gamete donation.

Donation of substances of human origin (SoHO) is essential for the treatment of many patients and ranges from the donation of whole organs to the donation of tissue or cell products, including also gamete donation. In order to ensure the safety of recipients of SoHOs there are multiple steps taken in the donation pathway of all such substances to ensure the quality and safety of the donation. However, despite this, there is always a residual risk associated with SoHOs.

Phylogenetic analysis of selected species of Asteraceae on the basis of RPS 11 Gene.

The Asteraceae family is a prominent group of flowering plants found across the globe, with the exception of Antarctica. The Asteraceae family is a largest flowering family pivotal group in plant evolution and diversification. Despite its importance, the genetic diversity within this family remains understudied.

Community-Supported Shared Infrastructure in Support of Speech Accessibility.

Purpose: The Speech Accessibility Project (SAP) intends to facilitate research and development in automatic speech recognition (ASR) and other machine learning tasks for people with speech disabilities. The purpose of this article is to introduce this project as a resource for researchers, including baseline analysis of the first released data package.

Method: The project aims to facilitate ASR research by collecting, curating, and distributing transcribed U.

Rethinking characterization, application, and importance of extracellular polymeric substances in water technologies.

Biofilms play important roles in water technologies such as membrane treatments and activated sludge. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are key components of biofilms. However, the precise nature of these substances and how they influence biofilm formation and behavior remain critical knowledge gaps.

Assessment of Periodontal Health Status and Treatment Needs Among Pregnant Women.

Background Pregnancy-related periodontal health is vital for maternal and fetal well-being, with implications on birth outcomes. However, comprehensive data on periodontal health among pregnant women in Pakistan are lacking. This research aimed to assess the periodontal health status and treatment needs among pregnant women in Pakistan.

Salt-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (ST-PGPB): An Effective Strategy for Sustainable Food Production.

Soil is the backbone of the agricultural economy of any country. Soil salinity refers to the higher concentration of soluble salts in the soil. Soil salinity is a ruinous abiotic stress that has emerged as a threatening issue for food security.

In Silico Identification of tRNA Fragments, Novel Candidates for Cancer Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Targets.

The identification of a wide variety of RNA molecules using high-throughput sequencing techniques in the transcriptome pool of living organisms has revealed hidden regulatory insights in the cell. The class of non-coding RNA fragments produced from transfer RNA, or tRFs, is one such example. They are heterogeneously sized molecules with lengths ranging between 15 and 50 nt.

Opioid-sparing effect of erector spinae plane block and intravenous dexmedetomidine for obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study assessed the impact of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine in reduction of perioperative opioid consumption following bariatric surgery and their impact on post-operative recovery, analgesia, and pulmonary functions.

Design: A randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta, Gharboa, Egypt.

EBV T-cell immunotherapy generated by peptide selection has enhanced effector functionality compared to LCL stimulation.

Adoptive immunotherapy with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific T cells is an effective treatment for relapsed or refractory EBV-induced post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) with overall survival rates of up to 69%. EBV-specific T cells have been conventionally made by repeated stimulation with EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL), which act as antigen-presenting cells. However, this process is expensive, takes many months, and has practical risks associated with live virus.

Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis.

Objective: This study aims to highlight the trends in the minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) research field from the bibliometrics perspective.

Methods: The articles and reviews from 2002 to 2022 were manually retrieved from Scopus based on predefined inclusion criteria. A total of 296 articles for robotics and 13 articles for AI were included in the final analysis.

Serum detection of blood brain barrier injury in subjects with a history of stroke and transient ischemic attack.

Objective: Stroke and transient ischemic attack may have long-term negative effects on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and promote endothelial inflammation, both of which could increase neurodegeneration and dementia risk beyond the cell death associated with the index event.

Methods: Serum from 88 postmortem subjects in the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders were analyzed by sandwich ELISA for specific biomarkers to investigate the effects of cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) on BBB integrity and endothelial activation. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney Test, Spearman rank correlation, and linear/logistic regressions adjusted for potential confounders; a -value < .

Update on cardiac imaging: A critical analysis.

Imaging is instrumental in diagnosing and directing the management of atherosclerosis. In 1958 the first diagnostic coronary angiography (CA) was performed, and since then further development has led to new methods such as coronary CT angiography (CTA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), positron tomography (PET), and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Currently, CA remains powerful for visualizing coronary arteries; however, recent studies show the benefits of using other non-invasive techniques.

Dry eye symptoms are prevalent in moderate-severe COVID-19, while SARS-COV-2 presence is higher in mild COVID-19: Possible ocular transmission risk of COVID-19.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between dry eye symptoms and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and to assess the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT‒PCR) of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) from the conjunctival swab.

Methods: A prospective observational case series study was conducted of all suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients from Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) and the Universitas Indonesia Hospital (RSUI).

Brochure intervention to manage bothersome taste changes in pediatric patients receiving cancer therapy.

Background: Primary objective was to determine if a patient informational brochure describing potentially useful strategies could help manage specific taste changes. Secondary objective was to describe the specific strategies used and whether the strategies were perceived as being helpful.

Procedure: This single-center study included pediatric patients with cancer or hematopoietic cell transplant recipients receiving active treatment who experienced bothersome taste changes in the last month.

Generation and characterization of iPSC lines from Friedreich's ataxia patient (FRDA) with GAA.TTC repeat expansion in the Frataxin (FXN) gene's first intron (IGIBi016-A) and a non-FRDA healthy control individual (IGIBi017-A).

Friedreich's ataxia is a spinocerebellar degenerative disease caused by microsatellite (GAA.TTC)n repeat expansion in the first intron of FXN gene. Here, we developed iPSC lines from an FRDA patient (IGIBi016-A) and non-FRDA healthy control (IGIBi017-A).

Health inequalities in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use of automated electrical defibrillators in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes can be improved by strengthening the chain of survival, namely prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED). However, provision of bystander CPR and AED use remains low due to individual patient factors ranging from lack of education to socioeconomic barriers and due to lack of resources such as limited availability of AEDs in the community. Although the impact of health inequalities on survival from OHCA is documented, it is imperative that we identify and implement strategies to improve public health and outcomes from OHCA overall but with a simultaneous emphasis on making care more equitable.

Brain natriuretic peptide in acute heart failure and its association with glomerular filtration rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. Early diagnosis and prognosis are essential, as they can eventually lead to a fatal condition. Recently, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been recognized as one of the most popular biomarkers for AHF.